Table 44. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by sector of employment, broad occupation, ethnicity, and race: 2010 |
Employment sector and occupation | Not Hispanic or Latinob | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All employed | Hispanic or Latinoa | American Indian or Alaska Native | Asian | Black or African American | White | Other racec | ||||||||
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
All sectors | 692,900 | 1,750 | 23,500 | 350 | 1,500 | 150 | 134,600 | 900 | 22,300 | 350 | 502,300 | 1,700 | 8,800 | 300 |
Science occupations | 399,800 | 2,250 | 14,500 | 400 | 800 | 150 | 70,100 | 1,050 | 12,400 | 350 | 296,900 | 2,150 | 5,100 | 250 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 124,800 | 1,450 | 4,900 | 250 | 100 | 100 | 24,800 | 700 | 3,000 | 250 | 90,300 | 1,250 | 1,700 | 150 |
Computer/ information scientists | 38,800 | 850 | 700 | 100 | D | D | 15,200 | 600 | 700 | 150 | 21,800 | 750 | 400 | 100 |
Mathematical scientists | 29,700 | 700 | 900 | 150 | D | D | 8,200 | 400 | 800 | 150 | 19,600 | 600 | 100 | 50 |
Physical scientists | 79,600 | 1,150 | 2,200 | 150 | 100 | 50 | 14,200 | 550 | 1,700 | 150 | 60,400 | 1,150 | 900 | 150 |
Psychologists | 69,700 | 900 | 3,200 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 2,300 | 200 | 3,300 | 250 | 59,500 | 900 | 1,100 | 150 |
Social scientists | 57,200 | 950 | 2,500 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 5,400 | 350 | 3,000 | 200 | 45,200 | 850 | 800 | 150 |
Engineering occupations | 89,000 | 1,200 | 2,600 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 32,200 | 700 | 1,700 | 150 | 51,600 | 950 | 700 | 150 |
S&E-related occupations | 78,900 | 1,250 | 2,300 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 14,200 | 600 | 3,000 | 200 | 58,300 | 1,200 | 900 | 150 |
Non-S&E occupations | 125,200 | 1,800 | 4,100 | 250 | 300 | 100 | 18,000 | 750 | 5,200 | 300 | 95,600 | 1,550 | 2,000 | 250 |
4-year educational institutiond | 289,400 | 2,600 | 11,600 | 350 | 700 | 150 | 45,800 | 1,100 | 10,900 | 350 | 216,400 | 2,300 | 4,000 | 250 |
Science occupations | 198,200 | 2,100 | 8,200 | 300 | 400 | 100 | 30,000 | 850 | 6,800 | 350 | 149,800 | 1,900 | 2,900 | 250 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 68,900 | 1,200 | 3,100 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 12,600 | 600 | 1,700 | 200 | 50,400 | 1,100 | 1,000 | 150 |
Computer/ information scientists | 9,900 | 500 | 200 | 50 | D | D | 3,400 | 300 | 200 | 100 | 6,000 | 400 | 100 | 50 |
Mathematical scientists | 17,800 | 550 | 700 | 100 | D | D | 3,800 | 300 | 500 | 100 | 12,800 | 500 | D | D |
Physical scientists | 37,300 | 900 | 1,300 | 150 | D | D | 5,500 | 450 | 800 | 150 | 29,200 | 850 | 500 | 150 |
Psychologists | 22,900 | 700 | 1,100 | 150 | D | D | 1,000 | 150 | 1,300 | 150 | 18,900 | 650 | 500 | 150 |
Social scientists | 41,400 | 800 | 1,900 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 3,800 | 300 | 2,200 | 200 | 32,700 | 700 | 700 | 100 |
Engineering occupations | 26,800 | 900 | 1,100 | 150 | D | D | 8,000 | 500 | 700 | 100 | 16,700 | 700 | 300 | 100 |
S&E-related occupations | 27,000 | 800 | 800 | 100 | S | S | 4,100 | 350 | 1,300 | 150 | 20,500 | 750 | 300 | 100 |
Non-S&E occupations | 37,300 | 1,050 | 1,500 | 150 | 100 | 50 | 3,700 | 350 | 2,100 | 200 | 29,300 | 1,000 | 600 | 150 |
Other educational institutione | 24,700 | 800 | 1,200 | 150 | D | D | 2,000 | 250 | 1,800 | 200 | 19,600 | 750 | 200 | 100 |
Science occupations | 14,000 | 600 | 600 | 100 | D | D | 1,300 | 200 | 900 | 150 | 11,000 | 600 | 100 | 50 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 3,300 | 350 | 200 | 50 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 100 | 50 | 2,800 | 300 | D | D |
Computer/ information scientists | 300 | 150 | D | D | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D | 100 | 100 | D | D |
Mathematical scientists | 1,400 | 200 | D | D | D | D | 400 | 150 | D | D | 800 | 150 | D | D |
Physical scientists | 3,300 | 300 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 2,800 | 300 | D | D |
Psychologists | 3,900 | 350 | 200 | 100 | D | D | S | S | 300 | 100 | 3,200 | 300 | D | D |
Social scientists | 1,800 | 250 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 200 | 50 | 200 | 100 | 1,400 | 200 | D | D |
Engineering occupations | 300 | 100 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D |
S&E-related occupations | 4,900 | 400 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 300 | 100 | 500 | 100 | 4,000 | 350 | D | D |
Non-S&E occupations | 5,500 | 400 | 400 | 100 | D | D | 300 | 100 | 400 | 100 | 4,300 | 350 | 100 | 100 |
Private, for-profitf | 223,900 | 2,000 | 5,800 | 300 | 400 | 100 | 66,800 | 1,100 | 4,600 | 300 | 143,900 | 1,700 | 2,400 | 200 |
Science occupations | 98,100 | 1,500 | 2,600 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 27,600 | 850 | 2,200 | 200 | 64,600 | 1,200 | 1,000 | 150 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 26,900 | 800 | 800 | 150 | D | D | 7,500 | 450 | 500 | 150 | 17,900 | 650 | 300 | 100 |
Computer/ information scientists | 24,200 | 750 | 400 | 100 | D | D | 10,700 | 500 | 300 | 100 | 12,600 | 550 | 200 | 100 |
Mathematical scientists | 6,800 | 450 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 3,000 | 350 | 100 | 50 | 3,500 | 300 | D | D |
Physical scientists | 24,000 | 850 | 600 | 100 | D | D | 5,800 | 450 | 500 | 100 | 16,800 | 650 | 200 | 100 |
Psychologists | 11,900 | 600 | 500 | 100 | D | D | 300 | 100 | 600 | 150 | 10,200 | 550 | 100 | 100 |
Social scientists | 4,300 | 350 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 400 | 100 | 100 | 50 | 3,600 | 350 | 100 | 50 |
Engineering occupations | 48,600 | 1,050 | 1,200 | 150 | 100 | 50 | 21,100 | 700 | 700 | 150 | 25,100 | 800 | 300 | 100 |
S&E-related occupations | 25,900 | 850 | 800 | 150 | D | D | 7,100 | 500 | 400 | 100 | 17,400 | 800 | 300 | 100 |
Non-S&E occupations | 51,300 | 1,200 | 1,300 | 150 | D | D | 11,000 | 600 | 1,300 | 200 | 36,800 | 1,050 | 800 | 150 |
Private, nonprofit | 45,100 | 1,150 | 1,400 | 200 | 100 | 50 | 6,500 | 450 | 1,100 | 150 | 35,300 | 1,050 | 700 | 150 |
Science occupations | 23,200 | 850 | 900 | 150 | D | D | 3,700 | 350 | 400 | 100 | 17,800 | 750 | 400 | 100 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 8,600 | 500 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 1,900 | 250 | 100 | 50 | 6,100 | 450 | 100 | 100 |
Computer/ information scientists | 1,500 | 250 | D | D | D | D | 400 | 150 | D | D | 1,000 | 200 | D | D |
Mathematical scientists | 1,300 | 250 | D | D | D | D | 300 | 100 | D | D | 1,000 | 200 | D | D |
Physical scientists | 3,500 | 300 | D | D | D | D | 600 | 150 | D | D | 2,800 | 300 | D | D |
Psychologists | 5,500 | 400 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 100 | 50 | 100 | 50 | 4,800 | 400 | S | S |
Social scientists | 2,900 | 300 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 400 | 100 | 100 | 50 | 2,100 | 250 | D | D |
Engineering occupations | 3,000 | 300 | D | D | D | D | 800 | 200 | D | D | 2,100 | 250 | 100 | 50 |
S&E-related occupations | 8,400 | 450 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 200 | 50 | 6,800 | 400 | 100 | 50 |
Non-S&E occupations | 10,500 | 600 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 1,000 | 200 | 500 | 100 | 8,600 | 550 | 100 | 50 |
Federal government | 48,700 | 1,150 | 1,400 | 150 | D | D | 7,400 | 400 | 1,900 | 200 | 37,300 | 1,100 | 700 | 150 |
Science occupations | 31,400 | 950 | 1,000 | 100 | D | D | 5,100 | 400 | 1,100 | 150 | 23,700 | 850 | 500 | 100 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 12,200 | 550 | 400 | 100 | D | D | 2,200 | 250 | 400 | 100 | 9,000 | 500 | 200 | 50 |
Computer/ information scientists | 1,100 | 200 | D | D | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D | 800 | 200 | D | D |
Mathematical scientists | 1,800 | 250 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 600 | 150 | 100 | 50 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D |
Physical scientists | 8,500 | 450 | 200 | 50 | D | D | 1,500 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 6,500 | 450 | 100 | 100 |
Psychologists | 4,300 | 400 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 3,600 | 350 | 100 | 50 |
Social scientists | 3,600 | 350 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 400 | 150 | 200 | 50 | 2,900 | 300 | D | D |
Engineering occupations | 5,700 | 450 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 1,000 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 4,400 | 400 | D | D |
S&E-related occupations | 6,700 | 400 | 200 | 50 | D | D | 900 | 200 | 300 | 100 | 5,200 | 400 | 100 | 50 |
Non-S&E occupations | 4,900 | 400 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 500 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 3,900 | 350 | 100 | 100 |
State or local government | 17,300 | 750 | 700 | 150 | D | D | 3,000 | 300 | 1,000 | 150 | 12,200 | 650 | 400 | 150 |
Science occupations | 9,000 | 550 | 500 | 100 | D | D | 1,300 | 200 | 400 | 100 | 6,700 | 500 | 200 | 100 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 2,200 | 300 | 100 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D | 1,800 | 250 | D | D |
Computer/ information scientists | 600 | 150 | D | D | D | D | 300 | 100 | D | D | 300 | 100 | D | D |
Mathematical scientists | 300 | 100 | D | D | D | D | 100 | 100 | D | D | 100 | 100 | D | D |
Physical scientists | 1,500 | 250 | D | D | D | D | 400 | 150 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | D | D |
Psychologists | 3,500 | 350 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 2,700 | 300 | 100 | 50 |
Social scientists | 900 | 200 | D | D | D | D | 100 | 50 | D | D | 700 | 200 | D | D |
Engineering occupations | 1,800 | 200 | D | D | D | D | 800 | 200 | D | D | 800 | 150 | D | D |
S&E-related occupations | 3,300 | 300 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 500 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 2,400 | 300 | 100 | 50 |
Non-S&E occupations | 3,200 | 350 | 200 | 50 | D | D | 400 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 2,300 | 300 | D | D |
Self-employedg | 41,700 | 1,100 | 1,100 | 150 | 100 | 100 | 2,700 | 300 | 1,000 | 200 | 36,500 | 1,100 | 400 | 100 |
Science occupations | 24,800 | 900 | 700 | 150 | D | D | 900 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 22,300 | 850 | 200 | 100 |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 2,500 | 300 | D | D | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D | 2,200 | 300 | D | D |
Computer/ information scientists | 1,100 | 200 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | 1,000 | 200 | D | D |
Mathematical scientists | 400 | 150 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | 400 | 150 | D | D |
Physical scientists | 1,400 | 250 | D | D | D | D | S | S | D | D | 1,200 | 200 | D | D |
Psychologists | 17,700 | 750 | 600 | 100 | D | D | 300 | 100 | 500 | 150 | 16,100 | 700 | 200 | 100 |
Social scientists | 1,700 | 250 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 100 | 100 | D | D | 1,400 | 250 | D | D |
Engineering occupations | 2,600 | 300 | D | D | D | D | 400 | 150 | D | D | 2,100 | 300 | D | D |
S&E-related occupations | 2,400 | 300 | D | D | D | D | 200 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 1,900 | 300 | D | D |
Non-S&E occupations | 11,900 | 650 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 300 | 100 | 10,100 | 600 | 200 | 100 |
Other sectorh | 2,000 | 250 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 500 | 150 | 100 | 50 | 1,300 | 250 | D | D |
Science occupations | 1,200 | 200 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D | 800 | 200 | D | D |
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists | 200 | 100 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D |
Computer/ information scientists | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Mathematical scientists | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Physical scientists | 100 | 100 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Psychologists | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Social scientists | 700 | 150 | 100 | 50 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 500 | 150 | D | D |
Engineering occupations | 200 | 100 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
S&E-related occupations | 200 | 100 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Non-S&E occupations | 500 | 150 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | 300 | 150 | D | D |
D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards. S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error. |
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race. c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. |
d Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes. e Includes 2-year colleges, community colleges, technical institutes, precollege institutions, and other educational institutions. f Includes those self-employed in an incorporated business. g Self-employed or business owner in a nonincorporated business. h Includes employers not broken out separately. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010. |
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013. |