Table 48. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and broad occupation: 2013 |
Field | All employed | Science occupationsa | Engineering occupations | S&E-related occupations | Non-S&E occupations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Total | Post-secondary teachers | Other | Total | Post-secondary teachers | Other | Total | Health occupations | S&E managers | Other | Total | Non-S&E managers | Non-S&E teachers | Other | ||||||||||||||||
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
All fields | 720,800 | 1,900 | 417,100 | 2,350 | 158,300 | 1,900 | 258,800 | 2,250 | 93,700 | 1,300 | 21,400 | 750 | 72,300 | 1,150 | 78,900 | 1,300 | 43,700 | 1,000 | 27,700 | 800 | 7,500 | 450 | 131,200 | 1,850 | 57,200 | 1,300 | 18,100 | 700 | 55,800 | 1,300 |
Science | 553,600 | 1,850 | 383,700 | 2,050 | 152,800 | 1,800 | 230,800 | 1,900 | 13,500 | 750 | 2,500 | 300 | 11,000 | 700 | 52,200 | 1,150 | 26,600 | 850 | 19,300 | 750 | 6,200 | 450 | 104,300 | 1,500 | 42,500 | 1,200 | 15,000 | 600 | 46,800 | 1,100 |
Biological/ agricultural/ environmental life sciences | 183,500 | 1,000 | 122,200 | 1,200 | 41,900 | 1,100 | 80,300 | 1,150 | 1,600 | 250 | 400 | 150 | 1,300 | 250 | 31,900 | 850 | 20,400 | 700 | 9,500 | 550 | 2,000 | 300 | 27,700 | 900 | 12,200 | 650 | 1,500 | 200 | 14,000 | 800 |
Agricultural/ food sciences | 16,800 | 550 | 11,500 | 450 | 3,700 | 300 | 7,800 | 400 | 100 | 100 | D | D | D | D | 1,700 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 1,100 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 3,500 | 350 | 1,800 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 1,400 | 250 |
Biochemistry/ biophysics | 27,700 | 900 | 18,600 | 700 | 5,300 | 450 | 13,400 | 600 | 400 | 150 | D | D | 300 | 100 | 4,700 | 400 | 2,800 | 300 | 1,500 | 250 | 400 | 150 | 4,000 | 350 | 1,900 | 250 | D | D | 2,000 | 250 |
Cell/ molecular biology | 21,400 | 600 | 14,400 | 650 | 4,600 | 400 | 9,800 | 500 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 3,800 | 350 | 2,200 | 250 | 1,300 | 200 | 300 | 150 | 3,100 | 300 | 1,200 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 1,700 | 250 |
Environmental life sciences | 7,600 | 400 | 5,400 | 350 | 1,900 | 250 | 3,500 | 300 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 800 | 150 | D | D | 700 | 150 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 500 | 150 | D | D | 500 | 150 |
Microbiology | 13,100 | 600 | 8,300 | 500 | 2,700 | 300 | 5,600 | 400 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 2,400 | 300 | 1,500 | 200 | 800 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 2,300 | 300 | 900 | 200 | D | D | 1,400 | 200 |
Zoology | 9,000 | 500 | 6,200 | 450 | 3,100 | 350 | 3,100 | 300 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 500 | 150 | 600 | 150 | D | D | 1,600 | 250 | 800 | 150 | D | D | 800 | 200 |
Other biological sciences | 87,900 | 1,350 | 57,800 | 1,200 | 20,600 | 850 | 37,200 | 950 | 500 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 400 | 150 | 17,500 | 700 | 13,000 | 650 | 3,500 | 400 | 900 | 200 | 12,200 | 600 | 5,200 | 450 | 800 | 150 | 6,200 | 500 |
Computer/ information sciences | 21,900 | 300 | 17,100 | 450 | 5,800 | 400 | 11,300 | 450 | 600 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 400 | 150 | 1,600 | 250 | 100 | 100 | 900 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 2,500 | 300 | 1,000 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 900 | 200 |
Mathematics/ statistics | 32,600 | 500 | 26,300 | 600 | 16,300 | 600 | 10,000 | 450 | 1,200 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 800 | 200 | 1,200 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 500 | 150 | 600 | 150 | 3,900 | 400 | 1,800 | 250 | 700 | 200 | 1,400 | 250 |
Physical sciences | 122,200 | 800 | 85,100 | 1,100 | 29,600 | 950 | 55,400 | 1,100 | 9,300 | 600 | 1,300 | 200 | 8,000 | 550 | 9,400 | 600 | 1,600 | 300 | 5,600 | 400 | 2,200 | 300 | 18,400 | 700 | 8,600 | 550 | 500 | 150 | 9,300 | 550 |
Astronomy/ astrophysics | 5,000 | 350 | 4,100 | 350 | 1,700 | 250 | 2,400 | 250 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 400 | 150 | D | D | D | D | 300 | 100 |
Chemistry, except biochemistry | 61,200 | 650 | 41,600 | 750 | 14,100 | 600 | 27,500 | 750 | 3,000 | 300 | 500 | 150 | 2,600 | 300 | 5,300 | 400 | 1,200 | 250 | 3,300 | 300 | 900 | 200 | 11,200 | 550 | 5,100 | 400 | 200 | 100 | 5,900 | 450 |
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean sciencesb | 19,400 | 350 | 15,300 | 400 | 5,900 | 350 | 9,400 | 400 | 800 | 150 | D | D | 700 | 150 | 900 | 200 | D | D | 700 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 2,400 | 250 | 1,200 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 1,000 | 150 |
Physics | 36,600 | 550 | 24,000 | 650 | 8,000 | 550 | 16,100 | 550 | 5,300 | 500 | 700 | 150 | 4,500 | 450 | 2,900 | 300 | 400 | 150 | 1,400 | 250 | 1,000 | 200 | 4,400 | 400 | 2,100 | 300 | D | D | 2,200 | 300 |
Psychology | 104,900 | 700 | 76,400 | 950 | 20,500 | 650 | 55,900 | 1,000 | 500 | 150 | D | D | 300 | 150 | 5,000 | 350 | 2,400 | 300 | 2,400 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 23,000 | 750 | 8,700 | 450 | 3,800 | 350 | 10,500 | 600 |
Social sciences | 88,500 | 850 | 56,600 | 850 | 38,800 | 800 | 17,800 | 600 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 3,000 | 350 | 1,900 | 300 | 600 | 150 | 500 | 150 | 28,700 | 800 | 10,100 | 550 | 8,000 | 450 | 10,500 | 450 |
Economics | 23,800 | 450 | 16,600 | 500 | 9,300 | 500 | 7,300 | 450 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 700 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 6,500 | 450 | 2,500 | 350 | 1,500 | 250 | 2,400 | 300 |
Political sciences | 20,400 | 650 | 13,300 | 550 | 10,600 | 500 | 2,700 | 250 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 600 | 150 | 300 | 100 | D | D | S | S | 6,500 | 450 | 2,800 | 350 | 1,100 | 200 | 2,600 | 300 |
Sociology | 14,300 | 450 | 10,000 | 450 | 7,900 | 400 | 2,200 | 250 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 500 | 150 | 500 | 150 | D | D | D | D | 3,700 | 300 | 1,800 | 250 | 800 | 150 | 1,100 | 200 |
Other social sciences | 29,900 | 800 | 16,600 | 650 | 11,000 | 550 | 5,600 | 400 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 100 | 100 | 1,200 | 200 | 700 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 11,900 | 550 | 3,000 | 300 | 4,500 | 350 | 4,400 | 350 |
Engineering | 133,700 | 850 | 24,600 | 850 | 3,800 | 350 | 20,900 | 850 | 79,900 | 1,150 | 18,800 | 700 | 61,100 | 1,100 | 9,300 | 550 | 1,100 | 250 | 7,000 | 450 | 1,100 | 200 | 19,900 | 850 | 11,500 | 600 | 1,600 | 250 | 6,700 | 500 |
Aerospace/ aeronautical/ astronautical engineering | 5,200 | 400 | 600 | 150 | D | D | 500 | 150 | 3,500 | 400 | 600 | 150 | 2,900 | 350 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D | 800 | 200 | 500 | 150 | D | D | 300 | 150 |
Chemical engineering | 16,500 | 700 | 2,400 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 2,100 | 300 | 10,100 | 600 | 1,700 | 300 | 8,400 | 600 | 1,300 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 800 | 200 | 300 | 150 | 2,800 | 300 | 1,600 | 250 | D | D | 1,200 | 200 |
Civil engineering | 11,300 | 600 | 900 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 700 | 150 | 8,400 | 550 | 2,900 | 350 | 5,500 | 450 | 800 | 200 | D | D | 700 | 150 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 800 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 200 | 100 |
Electrical/ computer engineering | 39,400 | 500 | 9,500 | 450 | 1,700 | 250 | 7,800 | 450 | 22,600 | 600 | 5,100 | 400 | 17,500 | 600 | 2,300 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 1,700 | 300 | 300 | 150 | 5,000 | 400 | 3,100 | 300 | 400 | 100 | 1,500 | 250 |
Materials/ metallurgical engineering | 13,900 | 600 | 2,200 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 1,900 | 250 | 8,000 | 500 | 1,100 | 200 | 6,900 | 500 | 1,300 | 250 | D | D | 1,200 | 200 | D | D | 2,400 | 300 | 1,300 | 250 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 |
Mechanical engineering | 19,400 | 800 | 1,900 | 300 | D | D | 1,800 | 250 | 13,300 | 650 | 3,600 | 350 | 9,700 | 550 | 1,200 | 200 | D | D | 1,000 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 3,000 | 350 | 1,900 | 300 | D | D | 900 | 200 |
Other engineering | 28,100 | 800 | 7,200 | 500 | 1,200 | 200 | 6,000 | 500 | 14,000 | 600 | 3,800 | 350 | 10,200 | 500 | 2,000 | 250 | 600 | 200 | 1,300 | 250 | S | S | 4,800 | 450 | 2,400 | 300 | 800 | 200 | 1,600 | 300 |
Health | 33,500 | 450 | 8,800 | 450 | 1,600 | 250 | 7,100 | 450 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 17,400 | 550 | 16,000 | 550 | 1,300 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 7,000 | 400 | 3,200 | 350 | 1,600 | 200 | 2,300 | 250 |
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 50. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards. |
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error. |
a Further detail for science occupations can be found in table 49. |
b Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences includes other physical sciences. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2013. |
Data from survey cycle 2013, as of 18 February 2014. |