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NCSES GSS 2012 GSS2012 43 SAS Output Newer information icon. Newer information is available.
Table 43. Female postdoctoral appointees in science, engineering, and health in all institutions, by detailed field, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2012

  U.S. citizens and permanent residentsa  
  Not Hispanic or Latino  
Field Total Hispanic or
Latino		 American
Indian or
Alaska Native		 Asian Black or
African
American		 Native Hawaiian
or Other Pacific
Islander		 White More than
one race		 Unknown
ethnicity
and race		 Temporary
visa holders
All surveyed fields 24,685 684 51 2,414 638 44 7,778 84 1,719 11,273
   Science and engineering 15,665 402 31 1,366 319 26 4,810 48 1,181 7,482
      Science 14,076 365 29 1,216 295 24 4,471 44 1,033 6,599
         Agricultural sciences 513 15 2 48 6 2 199 1 42 198
         Biological sciences 8,787 223 17 825 185 14 2,581 28 578 4,336
            Anatomy 139 6 0 17 0 0 46 1 0 69
            Biochemistry 857 20 2 95 19 2 228 2 43 446
            Biology 995 25 2 90 23 0 331 5 75 444
            Biometry and epidemiology 247 7 1 18 16 1 85 1 28 90
            Biophysics 65 2 0 9 0 0 12 1 6 35
            Botany 239 14 0 27 3 0 61 0 40 94
            Cell biology 1,127 31 2 111 12 2 269 1 143 556
            Ecology 97 1 0 12 1 0 48 0 13 22
            Entomology and parasitology 122 5 0 6 1 0 60 2 6 42
            Genetics 592 11 0 68 8 0 173 1 43 288
            Microbiology, immunology, and virology 1,144 31 3 93 28 0 359 2 63 565
            Nutrition 148 5 0 13 3 3 49 0 19 56
            Pathology 719 14 2 71 15 1 184 4 25 403
            Pharmacology 603 19 2 62 18 1 196 2 12 291
            Physiology 615 13 2 48 18 2 199 0 15 318
            Zoology 36 0 0 5 1 0 19 0 4 7
            Biological sciences nec 1,042 19 1 80 19 2 262 6 43 610
         Communicationb 21 0 0 0 1 0 8 0 5 7
         Computer sciences 155 4 0 15 5 0 32 0 14 85
         Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 744 18 0 50 6 0 296 4 57 313
            Atmospheric sciences 71 0 0 6 1 0 21 0 6 37
            Geosciences 226 3 0 11 0 0 78 0 19 115
            Oceanography 203 7 0 12 2 0 102 4 7 69
            Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences nec 244 8 0 21 3 0 95 0 25 92
         Family and consumer sciences and human sciencesb 44 2 0 2 3 0 26 0 0 11
         Mathematical sciences 193 4 0 14 1 0 60 1 24 89
            Mathematics and applied mathematics 162 2 0 11 1 0 58 1 16 73
            Statistics 31 2 0 3 0 0 2 0 8 16
         Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studiesb 263 7 1 21 9 1 118 2 13 91
         Neuroscienceb 661 12 0 48 10 0 194 1 59 337
         Physical sciences 1,661 33 5 130 25 3 430 3 141 891
            Astronomy 148 3 0 5 0 0 55 1 20 64
            Chemistry 966 18 5 87 21 1 258 1 49 526
            Physics 488 11 0 33 3 2 95 1 72 271
            Physical sciences nec 59 1 0 5 1 0 22 0 0 30
         Psychology 642 26 0 32 19 1 380 2 53 129
            Clinical psychology 72 2 0 4 4 0 57 1 1 3
            Psychology, general 331 11 0 15 6 0 174 1 35 89
            Psychology nec 239 13 0 13 9 1 149 0 17 37
         Social sciences 392 21 4 31 25 3 147 2 47 112
            Agricultural economics 23 0 0 4 0 0 8 0 6 5
            Anthropology (cultural and social) 53 3 1 3 3 0 31 0 3 9
            Economics (except agricultural) 15 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 1 11
            Geography 27 1 0 0 0 0 14 0 1 11
            History and philosophy of science 6 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 3
            Linguistics 17 0 0 2 2 0 6 0 1 6
            Political science 75 1 0 1 5 0 31 2 10 25
            Sociology 62 4 1 5 5 1 22 0 4 20
            Sociology and anthropology 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
            Social sciences nec 113 12 2 14 9 2 34 0 18 22
      Engineering 1,589 37 2 150 24 2 339 4 148 883
         Aerospace engineering 31 1 0 1 0 0 7 0 2 20
         Agricultural engineering 43 0 1 4 0 1 9 1 0 27
         Architectureb 3 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2
         Biomedical engineering 388 9 0 46 11 0 98 0 40 184
         Chemical engineering 268 8 0 28 3 0 54 0 9 166
         Civil engineeringb 149 6 0 13 1 0 37 0 18 74
         Electrical engineering 185 7 0 11 4 0 27 0 35 101
         Engineering science 59 1 0 2 0 0 17 0 5 34
         Industrial engineering 27 2 0 0 1 0 11 0 3 10
         Mechanical engineering 150 2 0 15 1 0 31 1 10 90
         Metallurgical and materials engineering 172 1 1 22 1 0 29 0 11 107
         Mining engineering 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
         Nuclear engineering 12 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 2 5
         Petroleum engineering 14 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 11
         Engineering nec 87 0 0 7 2 1 13 0 13 51
   Health 9,020 282 20 1,048 319 18 2,968 36 538 3,791
      Clinical medicine 7,760 236 15 923 270 14 2,486 35 455 3,326
         Anesthesiology 181 3 0 27 0 0 46 0 6 99
         Cardiology 316 5 0 31 5 1 93 1 14 166
         Endocrinology 258 12 0 31 7 0 70 2 11 125
         Gastroenterology 153 4 0 18 5 0 48 1 3 74
         Hematology 175 3 0 25 5 0 50 0 3 89
         Neurologyb 451 13 0 43 9 0 126 0 24 236
         Obstetrics and gynecology 199 8 2 15 10 0 80 3 6 75
         Oncology and cancer research 869 26 1 104 27 0 234 0 15 462
         Ophthalmology 241 10 1 27 3 0 47 1 15 137
         Otorhinolaryngology 60 3 0 2 1 0 22 0 1 31
         Pediatrics 878 27 1 121 40 1 366 3 59 260
         Preventive medicine and community health 420 24 1 34 30 8 149 3 33 138
         Psychiatry 684 20 2 64 34 1 336 6 63 158
         Pulmonary disease 129 4 0 14 3 0 54 1 2 51
         Radiology 328 5 2 43 5 1 65 1 15 191
         Surgery 529 10 0 45 14 0 151 4 37 268
         Clinical medicine nec 1,889 59 5 279 72 2 549 9 148 766
      Other health 1,260 46 5 125 49 4 482 1 83 465
         Dental sciences 155 1 0 19 9 0 39 0 8 79
         Nursing 66 4 1 6 5 1 32 0 6 11
         Pharmaceutical sciences 360 12 2 44 16 2 106 1 14 163
         Speech pathology and audiology 38 1 0 2 0 0 26 0 3 6
         Veterinary sciences 311 15 0 19 4 0 165 0 38 70
         Other health nec 330 13 2 35 15 1 114 0 14 136

nec = not elsewhere classified.
a Ethnicity and race data are available only for U.S. citizens and permanent residents.
b In 2007, eligible fields were reclassified, newly eligible fields were added, and the survey was redesigned to improve coverage and coding of eligible units. “2007new” presents data as collected in 2007; “2007old” shows data as they would have been collected in prior years. The science fields Communication and Family and consumer sciences and human sciences were newly eligible in 2007; data for these two fields begin in 2007new. The science field Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies was also added to the code list in 2007; some data reported in this field were reported under other fields before 2007 and are included in those fields in 2007old. Neuroscience is reported as a separate field of science in 2007new; data were reported under health field Neurology in 2007old and previous years. Architecture is reported as a separate field of engineering in 2007new; data were reported under Civil engineering in 2007old and previous years. See appendix A in http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/nsf10307/ for more detail.
NOTES: “Field” refers to the field of the unit that reports postdocs to the GSS.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, NSF-NIH Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 2012.
Data from survey cycle Fall 2012, as of December 2013.