All R&D Fieldsa |
41,470,419 |
44,838,918 |
47,535,201 |
49,645,341 |
51,590,017 |
54,113,750 |
57,288,415 |
61,257,398 |
65,274,235 |
65,774,524 |
Science |
34,083,432 |
36,923,372 |
39,030,577 |
40,663,615 |
41,977,651 |
43,914,300 |
46,214,473 |
49,031,326 |
51,952,691 |
51,963,778 |
Computer sciences |
1,303,446 |
1,403,957 |
1,404,105 |
1,443,055 |
1,430,660 |
1,471,454 |
1,600,447 |
1,637,931 |
1,740,416 |
1,821,482 |
Environmental sciences |
2,194,060 |
2,353,383 |
2,554,468 |
2,601,097 |
2,681,473 |
2,798,750 |
2,923,404 |
2,991,911 |
3,159,158 |
3,172,613 |
Atmospheric sciences |
396,134 |
414,583 |
460,020 |
507,583 |
446,184 |
423,055 |
416,826 |
429,355 |
480,762 |
476,210 |
Earth sciences |
723,517 |
827,988 |
919,718 |
897,499 |
910,886 |
950,631 |
1,019,429 |
1,085,000 |
1,139,823 |
1,166,960 |
Oceanography |
769,831 |
778,841 |
812,061 |
839,504 |
992,484 |
1,051,136 |
1,077,634 |
1,021,961 |
1,049,765 |
1,021,715 |
Environmental sciences, nec |
304,578 |
331,971 |
362,669 |
356,511 |
331,919 |
373,928 |
409,515 |
455,595 |
488,808 |
507,728 |
Life sciences |
23,756,233 |
25,948,910 |
27,604,138 |
28,803,658 |
29,805,328 |
31,192,916 |
32,778,944 |
34,949,394 |
37,319,252 |
37,215,163 |
Agricultural sciences |
2,555,147 |
2,695,390 |
2,656,770 |
2,796,961 |
2,913,260 |
2,995,518 |
3,055,512 |
2,986,458 |
3,112,273 |
3,296,327 |
Biological sciences |
7,383,636 |
8,152,337 |
8,843,679 |
9,049,032 |
9,207,593 |
9,760,099 |
10,146,059 |
10,934,309 |
11,841,831 |
11,595,919 |
Medical sciences |
12,779,281 |
14,036,843 |
14,877,626 |
15,805,806 |
16,553,616 |
17,254,161 |
18,229,453 |
19,270,320 |
20,401,120 |
20,357,802 |
Life sciences, nec |
1,038,169 |
1,064,340 |
1,226,063 |
1,151,859 |
1,130,859 |
1,183,138 |
1,347,920 |
1,758,307 |
1,964,028 |
1,965,115 |
Mathematical sciences |
427,858 |
448,466 |
494,282 |
532,832 |
573,070 |
619,854 |
546,915 |
594,254 |
640,393 |
674,932 |
Physical sciences |
3,275,307 |
3,546,916 |
3,702,783 |
3,813,770 |
3,863,269 |
3,931,833 |
4,282,795 |
4,621,945 |
4,780,886 |
4,721,131 |
Astronomy |
392,120 |
420,391 |
454,354 |
469,955 |
467,604 |
539,112 |
578,406 |
572,517 |
583,124 |
706,133 |
Chemistry |
1,225,546 |
1,318,137 |
1,371,984 |
1,414,311 |
1,460,415 |
1,486,721 |
1,582,562 |
1,749,897 |
1,784,092 |
1,750,048 |
Physics |
1,417,536 |
1,522,056 |
1,596,290 |
1,611,248 |
1,615,766 |
1,606,997 |
1,869,890 |
1,998,184 |
2,120,737 |
1,996,446 |
Physical sciences, nec |
240,105 |
286,332 |
280,155 |
318,256 |
319,484 |
299,003 |
251,937 |
301,347 |
292,933 |
268,504 |
Psychology |
769,233 |
782,464 |
825,009 |
875,641 |
872,547 |
925,069 |
972,319 |
1,078,419 |
1,156,794 |
1,187,582 |
Social sciences |
1,673,865 |
1,674,842 |
1,684,610 |
1,706,003 |
1,803,115 |
1,949,741 |
2,080,953 |
1,996,708 |
2,063,212 |
2,055,807 |
Economics |
313,452 |
317,210 |
324,685 |
339,800 |
349,313 |
398,730 |
379,720 |
349,862 |
387,246 |
383,224 |
Political sciences |
303,799 |
307,351 |
323,053 |
317,044 |
348,310 |
339,294 |
368,887 |
374,444 |
371,860 |
391,714 |
Sociology |
368,054 |
355,145 |
370,468 |
399,697 |
397,748 |
403,226 |
408,444 |
420,271 |
432,786 |
459,757 |
Social sciences, nec |
688,560 |
695,136 |
666,404 |
649,462 |
707,744 |
808,491 |
923,902 |
852,131 |
871,320 |
821,112 |
Sciences, nec |
683,430 |
764,434 |
761,182 |
887,559 |
948,189 |
1,024,683 |
1,028,696 |
1,160,764 |
1,092,580 |
1,115,068 |
Engineering |
5,993,939 |
6,314,421 |
6,743,373 |
7,095,085 |
7,517,262 |
7,957,504 |
8,648,525 |
9,328,730 |
10,043,544 |
10,302,305 |
Aeronautical and astronautical engineering |
405,666 |
436,567 |
445,170 |
385,254 |
471,097 |
537,251 |
613,828 |
635,234 |
667,763 |
662,221 |
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering |
313,085 |
370,149 |
419,625 |
477,119 |
539,137 |
601,908 |
648,099 |
744,124 |
818,335 |
878,633 |
Chemical engineering |
453,203 |
492,836 |
505,975 |
560,005 |
598,944 |
655,603 |
695,842 |
820,941 |
918,273 |
908,969 |
Civil engineering |
775,470 |
788,877 |
787,548 |
858,346 |
862,260 |
924,620 |
980,451 |
1,106,954 |
1,210,306 |
1,234,326 |
Electrical engineering |
1,400,413 |
1,437,893 |
1,581,700 |
1,615,996 |
1,636,983 |
1,704,953 |
1,844,482 |
2,053,479 |
2,209,772 |
2,314,842 |
Mechanical engineering |
820,290 |
874,933 |
935,302 |
1,048,506 |
1,126,726 |
1,162,428 |
1,243,910 |
1,460,936 |
1,557,472 |
1,550,936 |
Metallurgical and materials engineering |
548,254 |
565,367 |
612,016 |
643,244 |
632,941 |
646,523 |
688,225 |
703,915 |
738,049 |
756,843 |
Engineering, nec |
1,277,558 |
1,347,799 |
1,456,037 |
1,506,615 |
1,649,174 |
1,724,218 |
1,933,688 |
1,803,147 |
1,923,574 |
1,995,535 |
Non-S&Ea |
1,393,048 |
1,601,125 |
1,761,251 |
1,886,641 |
2,095,104 |
2,241,946 |
2,425,417 |
2,897,342 |
3,278,000 |
3,508,441 |
Business and management |
170,271 |
216,807 |
220,187 |
247,335 |
276,280 |
329,931 |
343,916 |
368,242 |
399,780 |
441,705 |
Communications, journalism, and library science |
55,603 |
73,732 |
75,582 |
84,784 |
90,832 |
89,203 |
107,484 |
129,891 |
153,079 |
159,436 |
Education |
604,989 |
711,323 |
766,416 |
819,004 |
905,247 |
868,830 |
915,976 |
994,518 |
1,115,002 |
1,229,101 |
Humanities |
138,080 |
168,541 |
192,309 |
217,263 |
241,683 |
246,713 |
255,289 |
262,769 |
312,503 |
340,628 |
Law |
42,774 |
52,671 |
63,118 |
69,387 |
74,809 |
90,907 |
107,966 |
98,122 |
125,474 |
131,662 |
Social work |
55,884 |
74,557 |
87,344 |
89,993 |
93,540 |
123,984 |
138,283 |
177,376 |
194,153 |
199,097 |
Visual and performing arts |
39,155 |
37,750 |
42,135 |
46,100 |
46,155 |
59,285 |
72,867 |
66,465 |
77,478 |
85,037 |
Non-S&E, nec |
244,550 |
242,336 |
314,019 |
312,774 |
366,448 |
432,965 |
483,636 |
799,959 |
900,531 |
921,775 |