Table 19. Higher education R&D expenditures for clinical trials, by source of funds, highest degree granted, and institutional control: FYs 2012–16

(Dollars in thousands)

Fiscal year and type of institution	Institutions with clinical trials expenditures (number)	All sources		Federal		Nonfederal
Fiscal year and type of institution	Institutions with clinical trials expenditures (number)	All R&D expenditures	Clinical trials	All R&D expenditures	Clinical trials	All R&D expenditures	Clinical trials
2012
All institutions	166	46,182,393	1,669,160	28,976,410	663,320	17,205,983	1,005,840
Doctorate	150	46,080,033	1,660,925	28,918,557	656,369	17,161,476	1,004,556
Nondoctorate	16	102,360	8,235	57,853	6,951	44,507	1,284
Public	96	28,993,617	633,542	16,779,967	221,413	12,213,650	412,129
Private	70	17,188,776	1,035,618	12,196,443	441,907	4,992,333	593,711
2013
All institutions	168	47,499,335	1,756,585	28,818,487	744,854	18,680,848	1,011,731
Doctorate	153	47,441,785	1,748,622	28,782,357	737,585	18,659,428	1,011,037
Nondoctorate	15	57,550	7,963	36,130	7,269	21,420	694
Public	100	29,832,528	708,933	16,830,718	241,128	13,001,810	467,805
Private	68	17,666,807	1,047,652	11,987,769	503,726	5,679,038	543,926
2014
All institutions	176	48,820,531	2,010,541	28,240,588	802,355	20,579,943	1,208,186
Doctorate	159	48,764,898	2,001,153	28,214,054	794,482	20,550,844	1,206,671
Nondoctorate	17	55,633	9,388	26,534	7,873	29,099	1,515
Public	106	30,725,008	763,641	16,415,676	242,228	14,309,332	521,413
Private	70	18,095,523	1,246,900	11,824,912	560,127	6,270,611	686,773
2015
All institutions	179	50,536,971	2,152,488	28,220,106	847,470	22,316,865	1,305,018
Doctorate	164	50,475,600	2,146,012	28,192,194	842,302	22,283,406	1,303,710
Nondoctorate	15	61,371	6,476	27,912	5,168	33,459	1,308
Public	111	31,992,176	812,203	16,462,214	250,286	15,529,962	561,917
Private	68	18,544,795	1,340,285	11,757,892	597,184	6,786,903	743,101
2016
All institutions	174	53,048,033	2,387,737	29,053,500	886,849	23,994,533	1,500,888
Doctorate	160	52,972,788	2,381,128	29,023,718	882,019	23,949,070	1,499,109
Nondoctorate	14	75,245	6,609	29,782	4,830	45,463	1,779
Public	107	33,225,409	941,072	17,003,528	260,344	16,221,881	680,728
Private	67	19,822,624	1,446,665	12,049,972	626,505	7,772,652	820,160