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Table 47. Postdoctoral appointees in science, engineering, and health in all institutions, by detailed field, citizenship, and doctoral degree type: 2013
  U.S. citizens and permanent residents Temporary visa holders
Field Total Doctoral
degreea
Professional
degreea
Dual degreea Doctoral degree
type unknowna
Doctoral
degreea
Professional
degreea
Dual degreea Doctoral degree
type unknowna
All surveyed fields 61,942 19,291 2,636 495 7,124 23,811 2,008 705 5,872
   Science and engineering 43,395 14,084 398 115 5,660 17,958 509 208 4,463
      Science 36,289 12,402 363 112 4,674 14,610 488 201 3,439
         Agricultural sciences 1,319 470 18 1 248 434 4 1 143
         Biological sciences 19,330 6,565 286 98 2,035 7,975 431 168 1,772
            Anatomy 258 79 10 3 27 86 10 2 41
            Biochemistry 2,097 626 8 8 247 909 22 11 266
            Biology 2,141 903 5 1 196 911 4 1 120
            Biometry and epidemiology 638 240 14 5 73 217 14 2 73
            Biophysics 164 62 0 0 3 95 0 0 4
            Botany 614 200 7 0 125 242 2 0 38
            Cell biology 2,387 656 19 5 422 987 29 10 259
            Ecology 107 46 0 0 21 26 0 0 14
            Entomology and parasitology 258 113 1 0 28 93 0 0 23
            Genetics 1,394 461 17 6 163 520 25 15 187
            Microbiology, immunology, and virology 2,188 835 39 18 195 817 31 17 236
            Nutrition 214 83 4 0 38 48 3 2 36
            Pathology 1,505 456 61 25 57 662 99 47 98
            Pharmacology 1,284 537 25 7 64 568 21 22 40
            Physiology 1,412 480 29 7 131 603 29 15 118
            Zoology 94 56 0 3 17 13 0 1 4
            Biological sciences nec 2,575 732 47 10 228 1,178 142 23 215
         Communication 76 34 1 0 10 19 0 0 12
         Computer sciences 765 188 3 0 111 385 0 0 78
         Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2,032 741 3 0 400 743 1 1 143
            Atmospheric sciences 209 65 0 0 24 112 0 0 8
            Geosciences 730 275 0 0 83 299 0 1 72
            Oceanography 423 239 0 0 21 158 1 0 4
            Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences nec 670 162 3 0 272 174 0 0 59
         Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 90 49 0 0 20 17 0 0 4
         Mathematical sciences 932 360 1 0 127 379 1 1 63
            Mathematics and applied mathematics 787 320 1 0 96 315 0 0 55
            Statistics 145 40 0 0 31 64 1 1 8
         Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies 891 286 2 2 214 280 3 1 103
         Neuroscience 1,696 584 22 6 220 635 28 24 177
         Physical sciences 7,197 2,042 9 2 963 3,292 13 0 876
            Astronomy 407 130 1 0 86 164 0 0 26
            Chemistry 3,850 1,055 5 0 416 1,795 3 0 576
            Physics 2,682 836 3 2 345 1,283 10 0 203
            Physical sciences nec 258 21 0 0 116 50 0 0 71
         Psychology 1,023 593 10 1 181 214 4 2 18
            Clinical psychology 104 75 4 0 18 5 2 0 0
            Psychology, general 568 295 4 1 125 127 0 1 15
            Psychology nec 351 223 2 0 38 82 2 1 3
         Social sciences 938 490 8 2 145 237 3 3 50
            Agricultural economics 61 20 2 0 16 21 0 0 2
            Anthropology (cultural and social) 118 70 1 1 22 17 1 0 6
            Economics (except agricultural) 62 28 0 0 7 20 0 0 7
            Geography 89 39 0 0 10 38 0 0 2
            History and philosophy of science 14 5 0 0 1 4 1 1 2
            Linguistics 33 16 0 0 4 9 0 0 4
            Political science 239 129 4 1 35 53 1 1 15
            Sociology 93 58 1 0 11 20 0 1 2
            Sociology and anthropology 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
            Social sciences nec 226 122 0 0 39 55 0 0 10
      Engineering 7,106 1,682 35 3 986 3,348 21 7 1,024
         Aerospace engineering 202 48 0 0 30 97 0 0 27
         Agricultural engineering 152 29 2 0 20 73 0 1 27
         Architecture 17 4 1 0 3 1 0 0 8
         Biomedical engineering 1,103 355 11 2 151 415 7 2 160
         Chemical engineering 1,230 275 3 0 162 547 0 0 243
         Civil engineering 587 150 1 0 112 268 0 0 56
         Electrical engineering 1,180 234 0 0 199 582 7 0 158
         Engineering science 240 65 0 0 8 145 0 0 22
         Industrial engineering 133 37 1 0 24 55 0 0 16
         Mechanical engineering 1,034 232 13 1 127 529 7 4 121
         Metallurgical and materials engineering 809 160 2 0 116 424 0 0 107
         Mining engineering 7 4 0 0 0 3 0 0 0
         Nuclear engineering 105 23 0 0 9 46 0 0 27
         Petroleum engineering 49 4 0 0 2 42 0 0 1
         Engineering nec 258 62 1 0 23 121 0 0 51
   Health 18,547 5,207 2,238 380 1,464 5,853 1,499 497 1,409
      Clinical medicine 15,831 4,502 2,033 355 997 5,050 1,412 459 1,023
         Anesthesiology 439 106 33 15 25 162 60 13 25
         Cardiology 777 143 93 26 68 230 97 38 82
         Endocrinology 441 131 60 8 11 172 29 24 6
         Gastroenterology 317 64 43 10 2 122 49 18 9
         Hematology 348 76 47 13 13 148 27 12 12
         Neurology 941 242 57 11 95 335 69 19 113
         Obstetrics and gynecology 301 48 69 5 28 90 31 1 29
         Oncology and cancer research 1,859 573 121 56 35 850 117 44 63
         Ophthalmology 528 117 40 6 47 204 68 23 23
         Otorhinolaryngology 160 48 10 4 15 40 17 7 19
         Pediatrics 1,584 519 336 11 70 504 61 12 71
         Preventive medicine and community health 703 283 30 4 118 149 10 4 105
         Psychiatry 1,008 556 64 14 106 189 32 7 40
         Pulmonary disease 288 60 101 8 15 53 27 5 19
         Radiology 921 230 66 10 42 402 86 20 65
         Surgery 1,297 214 255 15 97 320 237 47 112
         Clinical medicine nec 3,919 1,092 608 139 210 1,080 395 165 230
      Other health 2,716 705 205 25 467 803 87 38 386
         Dental sciences 303 76 28 4 23 95 23 16 38
         Nursing 77 51 0 1 6 16 0 0 3
         Pharmaceutical sciences 995 228 37 3 169 396 19 3 140
         Speech pathology and audiology 49 17 1 0 24 4 0 0 3
         Veterinary sciences 564 118 112 7 125 118 26 3 55
         Other health nec 728 215 27 10 120 174 19 16 147

nec = not elsewhere classified.
a Doctoral degree = PhD, ScD, DEng, etc.; professional degree = MD, DVM, DO, DDS, etc.; dual degree = both professional and doctoral degrees (MD-PhD, DVM-PhD, etc.).
NOTE: "Field" refers to the field of the unit that reports postdocs to the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, NSF-NIH Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 2013.
Data from survey cycle Fall 2013, as of 8 August 2014.