Field | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fieldsa | 28,303,897 | 29,956,714 | 30,908,742 | 31,240,581 | 32,100,859 | 33,442,570 | 37,477,100 | 40,770,789 | 40,151,011 | 39,470,157 |
Science | 23,720,765 | 25,056,944 | 25,823,786 | 25,974,334 | 26,546,800 | 27,541,142 | 30,788,096 | 33,374,925 | 32,508,466 | 31,801,289 |
Computer sciences | 1,024,363 | 1,020,758 | 1,018,483 | 1,025,809 | 1,036,436 | 1,106,879 | 1,174,094 | 1,292,084 | 1,358,563 | 1,552,070 |
Environmental sciences | 1,596,121 | 1,729,905 | 1,767,996 | 1,807,589 | 1,827,916 | 1,890,417 | 2,013,731 | 2,181,789 | 2,203,663 | 2,097,153 |
Atmospheric sciences | 320,856 | 361,862 | 406,606 | 354,500 | 337,720 | 322,239 | 338,687 | 383,606 | 388,974 | 398,386 |
Earth sciences | 536,716 | 615,785 | 591,714 | 601,326 | 603,171 | 645,073 | 735,094 | 798,091 | 816,820 | 768,129 |
Oceanography | 546,973 | 545,509 | 560,990 | 671,710 | 686,106 | 711,758 | 666,930 | 705,654 | 673,659 | 662,173 |
Environmental sciences, nec | 191,576 | 206,749 | 208,686 | 180,053 | 200,919 | 211,347 | 273,020 | 294,438 | 324,210 | 268,465 |
Life sciences | 16,666,676 | 17,692,078 | 18,279,831 | 18,326,529 | 18,659,210 | 19,322,794 | 21,701,187 | 23,653,407 | 22,743,797 | 22,250,416 |
Agricultural sciences | 866,940 | 844,413 | 883,383 | 897,109 | 862,443 | 863,378 | 956,745 | 1,041,349 | 1,136,347 | 1,111,845 |
Biological sciences | 5,743,194 | 6,198,215 | 6,246,792 | 6,188,708 | 6,361,302 | 6,621,605 | 7,577,281 | 8,202,801 | 7,765,596 | 7,640,435 |
Medical sciences | 9,389,023 | 9,896,496 | 10,438,130 | 10,563,126 | 10,748,704 | 11,057,535 | 12,070,782 | 13,187,003 | 12,647,846 | 12,271,622 |
Life sciences, nec | 667,519 | 752,954 | 711,526 | 677,586 | 686,761 | 780,276 | 1,096,379 | 1,222,254 | 1,194,008 | 1,226,514 |
Mathematical sciences | 317,764 | 345,942 | 374,931 | 408,608 | 447,399 | 368,730 | 417,758 | 458,925 | 490,438 | 464,500 |
Physical sciences | 2,568,191 | 2,671,293 | 2,700,154 | 2,688,879 | 2,742,953 | 2,963,115 | 3,383,388 | 3,539,961 | 3,487,939 | 3,309,274 |
Astronomy | 289,271 | 310,897 | 317,423 | 305,545 | 353,111 | 387,905 | 405,253 | 408,212 | 534,625 | 400,368 |
Chemistry | 920,749 | 952,197 | 968,134 | 975,723 | 992,275 | 1,037,432 | 1,199,891 | 1,243,602 | 1,213,639 | 1,136,073 |
Physics | 1,168,717 | 1,225,968 | 1,215,517 | 1,219,721 | 1,215,264 | 1,360,805 | 1,557,463 | 1,673,853 | 1,545,905 | 1,563,842 |
Physical sciences, nec | 189,454 | 182,231 | 199,080 | 187,890 | 182,303 | 176,973 | 220,781 | 214,294 | 193,770 | 208,991 |
Psychology | 586,204 | 609,456 | 629,253 | 603,423 | 634,857 | 656,196 | 758,467 | 834,866 | 867,195 | 789,164 |
Social sciences | 696,142 | 697,034 | 712,628 | 762,700 | 816,045 | 854,739 | 900,731 | 948,687 | 917,708 | 897,076 |
Economics | 109,044 | 108,956 | 120,316 | 124,400 | 127,685 | 121,542 | 127,552 | 148,794 | 144,587 | 137,220 |
Political sciences | 112,110 | 112,124 | 106,991 | 134,811 | 124,970 | 137,282 | 152,542 | 148,523 | 141,211 | 143,516 |
Sociology | 181,771 | 193,689 | 216,449 | 206,881 | 202,619 | 201,874 | 226,456 | 232,587 | 247,495 | 237,434 |
Social sciences, nec | 293,217 | 282,265 | 268,872 | 296,608 | 360,771 | 394,041 | 394,181 | 418,783 | 384,415 | 378,906 |
Sciences, nec | 265,304 | 290,478 | 340,510 | 350,797 | 381,984 | 378,272 | 438,740 | 465,206 | 439,163 | 441,636 |
Engineering | 3,906,505 | 4,129,598 | 4,307,793 | 4,455,842 | 4,724,843 | 5,034,998 | 5,721,798 | 6,277,524 | 6,445,301 | 6,493,109 |
Aeronautical and astronautical engineering | 334,059 | 335,130 | 287,578 | 340,102 | 399,378 | 431,389 | 466,991 | 504,537 | 501,724 | 513,134 |
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 235,617 | 254,874 | 294,830 | 320,808 | 364,144 | 385,536 | 470,212 | 514,853 | 551,880 | 557,169 |
Chemical engineering | 268,024 | 295,339 | 319,993 | 322,324 | 341,043 | 359,726 | 421,323 | 491,907 | 505,734 | 478,509 |
Civil engineering | 347,499 | 337,133 | 334,655 | 355,597 | 385,333 | 400,280 | 461,233 | 545,658 | 570,958 | 577,440 |
Electrical engineering | 970,763 | 1,046,787 | 1,076,684 | 1,065,059 | 1,111,187 | 1,200,129 | 1,375,872 | 1,513,770 | 1,604,176 | 1,642,293 |
Mechanical engineering | 587,282 | 626,120 | 685,716 | 695,961 | 737,220 | 800,903 | 954,918 | 1,033,510 | 1,036,428 | 1,060,876 |
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 352,062 | 369,238 | 386,147 | 377,631 | 376,879 | 389,255 | 429,412 | 455,214 | 461,739 | 465,297 |
Engineering, nec | 811,199 | 864,977 | 922,190 | 978,360 | 1,009,659 | 1,067,780 | 1,141,837 | 1,218,075 | 1,212,662 | 1,198,391 |
Non-S&Ea | 676,627 | 770,172 | 777,163 | 810,405 | 829,216 | 866,430 | 967,206 | 1,118,340 | 1,197,244 | 1,175,759 |
Business and management | 50,017 | 51,912 | 52,569 | 54,612 | 65,318 | 67,456 | 86,495 | 99,739 | 96,743 | 95,311 |
Communications, journalism, and library science | 25,480 | 26,392 | 29,915 | 30,998 | 28,652 | 29,609 | 41,282 | 53,235 | 53,308 | 51,099 |
Education | 414,871 | 429,057 | 436,424 | 473,204 | 448,853 | 474,571 | 536,020 | 630,829 | 687,642 | 664,712 |
Humanities | 39,691 | 57,903 | 56,216 | 60,071 | 56,090 | 60,248 | 57,509 | 61,440 | 67,737 | 77,142 |
Law | 19,596 | 27,681 | 28,261 | 29,590 | 28,476 | 23,206 | 19,339 | 27,403 | 24,595 | 22,586 |
Social work | 27,468 | 25,774 | 40,685 | 40,657 | 59,163 | 61,899 | 94,433 | 105,572 | 109,273 | 111,673 |
Visual and performing arts | 4,357 | 3,999 | 3,604 | 4,012 | 3,722 | 4,193 | 4,833 | 6,514 | 10,429 | 7,056 |
Non-S&E, nec | 89,529 | 147,454 | 129,489 | 117,261 | 138,942 | 145,248 | 127,295 | 133,608 | 147,517 | 146,180 |
nec = not elsewhere classified; S&E = science and engineering. |
a Prior to FY 2010, some institution totals for all fields of R&D expenditures may be lower-bound estimates because the National Science Foundation did not attempt to estimate for nonresponse on non-S&E R&D expenditures item prior to FY 2010. |
NOTE: Non-S&E detailed field data may not sum to total non-S&E R&D expenditures because some institutions reporting non-S&E R&D expenditures did not break out total and federal funds by non-S&E fields. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education Research and Development Survey. |
Data from survey cycle FY 2013, as of 31 July 2014. |