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Table 6. Federally financed higher education R&D expenditures, by R&D field: FYs 2004–13
(Dollars in thousands)
Field 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
All R&D fieldsa 28,303,897 29,956,714 30,908,742 31,240,581 32,100,859 33,442,570 37,477,100 40,770,789 40,151,011 39,470,157
    Science 23,720,765 25,056,944 25,823,786 25,974,334 26,546,800 27,541,142 30,788,096 33,374,925 32,508,466 31,801,289
        Computer sciences 1,024,363 1,020,758 1,018,483 1,025,809 1,036,436 1,106,879 1,174,094 1,292,084 1,358,563 1,552,070
        Environmental sciences 1,596,121 1,729,905 1,767,996 1,807,589 1,827,916 1,890,417 2,013,731 2,181,789 2,203,663 2,097,153
            Atmospheric sciences 320,856 361,862 406,606 354,500 337,720 322,239 338,687 383,606 388,974 398,386
            Earth sciences 536,716 615,785 591,714 601,326 603,171 645,073 735,094 798,091 816,820 768,129
            Oceanography 546,973 545,509 560,990 671,710 686,106 711,758 666,930 705,654 673,659 662,173
            Environmental sciences, nec 191,576 206,749 208,686 180,053 200,919 211,347 273,020 294,438 324,210 268,465
        Life sciences 16,666,676 17,692,078 18,279,831 18,326,529 18,659,210 19,322,794 21,701,187 23,653,407 22,743,797 22,250,416
            Agricultural sciences 866,940 844,413 883,383 897,109 862,443 863,378 956,745 1,041,349 1,136,347 1,111,845
            Biological sciences 5,743,194 6,198,215 6,246,792 6,188,708 6,361,302 6,621,605 7,577,281 8,202,801 7,765,596 7,640,435
            Medical sciences 9,389,023 9,896,496 10,438,130 10,563,126 10,748,704 11,057,535 12,070,782 13,187,003 12,647,846 12,271,622
            Life sciences, nec 667,519 752,954 711,526 677,586 686,761 780,276 1,096,379 1,222,254 1,194,008 1,226,514
        Mathematical sciences 317,764 345,942 374,931 408,608 447,399 368,730 417,758 458,925 490,438 464,500
        Physical sciences 2,568,191 2,671,293 2,700,154 2,688,879 2,742,953 2,963,115 3,383,388 3,539,961 3,487,939 3,309,274
            Astronomy 289,271 310,897 317,423 305,545 353,111 387,905 405,253 408,212 534,625 400,368
            Chemistry 920,749 952,197 968,134 975,723 992,275 1,037,432 1,199,891 1,243,602 1,213,639 1,136,073
            Physics 1,168,717 1,225,968 1,215,517 1,219,721 1,215,264 1,360,805 1,557,463 1,673,853 1,545,905 1,563,842
            Physical sciences, nec 189,454 182,231 199,080 187,890 182,303 176,973 220,781 214,294 193,770 208,991
        Psychology 586,204 609,456 629,253 603,423 634,857 656,196 758,467 834,866 867,195 789,164
        Social sciences 696,142 697,034 712,628 762,700 816,045 854,739 900,731 948,687 917,708 897,076
            Economics 109,044 108,956 120,316 124,400 127,685 121,542 127,552 148,794 144,587 137,220
            Political sciences 112,110 112,124 106,991 134,811 124,970 137,282 152,542 148,523 141,211 143,516
            Sociology 181,771 193,689 216,449 206,881 202,619 201,874 226,456 232,587 247,495 237,434
            Social sciences, nec 293,217 282,265 268,872 296,608 360,771 394,041 394,181 418,783 384,415 378,906
        Sciences, nec 265,304 290,478 340,510 350,797 381,984 378,272 438,740 465,206 439,163 441,636
    Engineering 3,906,505 4,129,598 4,307,793 4,455,842 4,724,843 5,034,998 5,721,798 6,277,524 6,445,301 6,493,109
        Aeronautical and astronautical engineering 334,059 335,130 287,578 340,102 399,378 431,389 466,991 504,537 501,724 513,134
        Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 235,617 254,874 294,830 320,808 364,144 385,536 470,212 514,853 551,880 557,169
        Chemical engineering 268,024 295,339 319,993 322,324 341,043 359,726 421,323 491,907 505,734 478,509
        Civil engineering 347,499 337,133 334,655 355,597 385,333 400,280 461,233 545,658 570,958 577,440
        Electrical engineering 970,763 1,046,787 1,076,684 1,065,059 1,111,187 1,200,129 1,375,872 1,513,770 1,604,176 1,642,293
        Mechanical engineering 587,282 626,120 685,716 695,961 737,220 800,903 954,918 1,033,510 1,036,428 1,060,876
        Metallurgical and materials engineering 352,062 369,238 386,147 377,631 376,879 389,255 429,412 455,214 461,739 465,297
        Engineering, nec 811,199 864,977 922,190 978,360 1,009,659 1,067,780 1,141,837 1,218,075 1,212,662 1,198,391
    Non-S&Ea 676,627 770,172 777,163 810,405 829,216 866,430 967,206 1,118,340 1,197,244 1,175,759
        Business and management 50,017 51,912 52,569 54,612 65,318 67,456 86,495 99,739 96,743 95,311
        Communications, journalism, and library science 25,480 26,392 29,915 30,998 28,652 29,609 41,282 53,235 53,308 51,099
        Education 414,871 429,057 436,424 473,204 448,853 474,571 536,020 630,829 687,642 664,712
        Humanities 39,691 57,903 56,216 60,071 56,090 60,248 57,509 61,440 67,737 77,142
        Law 19,596 27,681 28,261 29,590 28,476 23,206 19,339 27,403 24,595 22,586
        Social work 27,468 25,774 40,685 40,657 59,163 61,899 94,433 105,572 109,273 111,673
        Visual and performing arts 4,357 3,999 3,604 4,012 3,722 4,193 4,833 6,514 10,429 7,056
        Non-S&E, nec 89,529 147,454 129,489 117,261 138,942 145,248 127,295 133,608 147,517 146,180

nec = not elsewhere classified; S&E = science and engineering.
a Prior to FY 2010, some institution totals for all fields of R&D expenditures may be lower-bound estimates because the National Science Foundation did not attempt to estimate for nonresponse on non-S&E R&D expenditures item prior to FY 2010.
NOTE: Non-S&E detailed field data may not sum to total non-S&E R&D expenditures because some institutions reporting non-S&E R&D expenditures did not break out total and federal funds by non-S&E fields.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education Research and Development Survey.
Data from survey cycle FY 2013, as of 31 July 2014.