Table 12. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and sector of employment: 2010 |
Field | All employed | 4-year educational institutiona | Other educational institutionb | Private, for-profitc | Private, nonprofit | Federal government | State or local goverment | Self-employedd | Other sectore | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
All fields | 692,900 | 1,750 | 289,400 | 2,600 | 24,700 | 800 | 223,900 | 2,000 | 45,100 | 1,150 | 48,700 | 1,150 | 17,300 | 750 | 41,700 | 1,100 | 2,000 | 250 |
Science | 536,200 | 1,700 | 239,600 | 2,500 | 22,300 | 750 | 146,300 | 1,750 | 37,700 | 1,050 | 38,200 | 1,050 | 14,300 | 700 | 36,000 | 1,000 | 1,700 | 250 |
Biological/ agricultural/ environmental life sciences | 175,700 | 950 | 83,500 | 1,200 | 5,900 | 400 | 46,400 | 900 | 14,200 | 600 | 15,600 | 600 | 4,100 | 350 | 5,700 | 400 | 300 | 100 |
Agricultural/ food sciences | 17,900 | 500 | 7,500 | 450 | 500 | 150 | 6,200 | 350 | 700 | 150 | 1,800 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 600 | 150 | D | D |
Biochemistry/ biophysics | 27,100 | 750 | 11,800 | 600 | 900 | 200 | 9,100 | 450 | 1,900 | 250 | 1,700 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 1,100 | 200 | D | D |
Cell/ molecular biology | 21,000 | 700 | 10,000 | 550 | 700 | 150 | 6,000 | 400 | 2,500 | 250 | 1,300 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 300 | 100 | D | D |
Environmental life sciences | 7,300 | 350 | 3,300 | 300 | 200 | 100 | 1,300 | 200 | 400 | 100 | 1,300 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 300 | 100 | D | D |
Microbiology | 12,200 | 550 | 5,200 | 350 | 600 | 150 | 3,800 | 350 | 900 | 200 | 1,000 | 200 | 300 | 100 | 400 | 100 | D | D |
Zoology | 10,000 | 500 | 5,000 | 350 | 500 | 150 | 1,500 | 250 | 600 | 150 | 1,400 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 400 | 150 | D | D |
Other biological sciences | 80,100 | 1,150 | 40,800 | 900 | 2,500 | 250 | 18,400 | 700 | 7,100 | 450 | 7,000 | 450 | 1,600 | 200 | 2,600 | 300 | 200 | 100 |
Computer/ information sciences | 19,000 | 300 | 7,400 | 350 | 300 | 100 | 9,400 | 450 | 700 | 150 | 600 | 150 | 100 | 100 | 500 | 150 | D | D |
Mathematics/ statistics | 32,000 | 450 | 18,100 | 550 | 1,200 | 200 | 9,000 | 450 | 1,300 | 250 | 1,300 | 200 | 300 | 100 | 700 | 150 | D | D |
Physical sciences | 120,100 | 900 | 42,500 | 950 | 4,800 | 400 | 49,800 | 950 | 6,300 | 450 | 9,700 | 550 | 2,300 | 300 | 4,500 | 400 | 100 | 100 |
Astronomy/ astrophysics | 4,700 | 400 | 3,000 | 250 | D | D | 700 | 200 | 400 | 100 | 400 | 150 | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Chemistry, except biochemistry | 60,500 | 650 | 17,900 | 650 | 2,900 | 300 | 30,600 | 650 | 2,600 | 300 | 3,300 | 350 | 1,000 | 200 | 2,300 | 300 | D | D |
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean sciencesf | 19,100 | 350 | 8,900 | 350 | 600 | 150 | 4,200 | 350 | 800 | 150 | 2,900 | 300 | 800 | 150 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D |
Physics | 35,700 | 500 | 12,800 | 550 | 1,300 | 200 | 14,200 | 550 | 2,500 | 250 | 3,200 | 350 | 500 | 150 | 1,200 | 200 | D | D |
Psychology | 102,400 | 750 | 34,100 | 900 | 6,300 | 450 | 20,700 | 750 | 9,800 | 550 | 6,000 | 450 | 5,200 | 400 | 20,200 | 750 | D | D |
Social sciences | 87,000 | 750 | 54,000 | 850 | 3,700 | 350 | 10,900 | 550 | 5,400 | 450 | 5,100 | 450 | 2,400 | 250 | 4,300 | 400 | 1,100 | 200 |
Economics | 23,200 | 400 | 12,000 | 450 | 500 | 150 | 4,500 | 350 | 1,300 | 200 | 2,500 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 1,300 | 200 | 800 | 200 |
Political sciences | 20,100 | 550 | 13,100 | 550 | 900 | 200 | 2,200 | 300 | 1,200 | 250 | 800 | 150 | 700 | 150 | 1,000 | 200 | 200 | 100 |
Sociology | 14,900 | 450 | 10,800 | 450 | 700 | 150 | 900 | 150 | 1,100 | 200 | 400 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 600 | 150 | D | D |
Other social sciences | 28,800 | 700 | 18,100 | 600 | 1,600 | 250 | 3,400 | 350 | 1,800 | 250 | 1,400 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 | 1,400 | 200 | D | D |
Engineering | 125,500 | 800 | 33,000 | 850 | 1,400 | 200 | 71,400 | 950 | 4,400 | 350 | 8,200 | 450 | 2,300 | 300 | 4,500 | 500 | 300 | 100 |
Aerospace/ aeronautical/ astronautical engineering | 5,100 | 450 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D | 2,400 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D | 400 | 150 | D | D |
Chemical engineering | 15,700 | 650 | 3,000 | 350 | 200 | 100 | 10,600 | 550 | 400 | 150 | 800 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 500 | 150 | D | D |
Civil engineering | 10,900 | 550 | 3,700 | 350 | D | D | 4,900 | 400 | 200 | 100 | 500 | 150 | 1,000 | 200 | 400 | 150 | D | D |
Electrical/ computer engineering | 36,700 | 400 | 9,300 | 550 | 300 | 150 | 23,100 | 550 | 1,300 | 250 | 1,500 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 900 | 200 | D | D |
Materials/ metallurgical engineering | 12,600 | 650 | 1,900 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 8,500 | 550 | 600 | 150 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D | 300 | 150 | D | D |
Mechanical engineering | 18,000 | 700 | 4,800 | 350 | 200 | 100 | 10,500 | 550 | 500 | 150 | 1,300 | 200 | D | D | 700 | 200 | D | D |
Other engineering | 26,600 | 850 | 9,200 | 500 | 400 | 100 | 11,500 | 600 | 1,200 | 200 | 2,200 | 300 | 700 | 150 | 1,300 | 250 | 100 | 100 |
Health | 31,200 | 350 | 16,800 | 500 | 1,000 | 200 | 6,200 | 400 | 3,000 | 300 | 2,300 | 250 | 700 | 150 | 1,100 | 200 | D | D |
D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. SE = standard error. |
a Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes. b Includes 2-year colleges, community colleges, technical institutes, precollege institutions, and other educational institutions. c Includes those self-employed in an incorporated business. d Self-employed or business owner in a nonincorporated business. e Includes employers not broken out separately. |
f Includes other physical sciences. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010. |
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013. |