Table 15-2. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and primary work activity: 2010 |
Field | All employed | R&D | ||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total |
Any R&D | Applied research |
Basic research |
Design |
Development |
Computer applications |
Management, sales, or administrationa | Professional services |
Teaching |
Other work activityb | ||||||||||||
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
All fields | 692,900 | 1,750 | 284,500 | 2,150 | 132,600 | 1,750 | 86,700 | 1,550 | 17,700 | 750 | 47,500 | 1,250 | 27,300 | 850 | 128,600 | 1,800 | 87,700 | 1,600 | 136,300 | 1,700 | 28,600 | 750 |
Science | 536,200 | 1,700 | 206,900 | 1,900 | 96,000 | 1,450 | 78,100 | 1,450 | 7,000 | 500 | 25,900 | 950 | 18,200 | 650 | 95,500 | 1,600 | 78,500 | 1,500 | 115,500 | 1,600 | 21,500 | 650 |
Biological/ agricultural/ environmental life sciences | 175,700 | 950 | 85,800 | 1,200 | 37,300 | 950 | 39,300 | 1,000 | 800 | 200 | 8,400 | 500 | 2,600 | 300 | 32,000 | 950 | 19,800 | 750 | 28,200 | 750 | 7,300 | 450 |
Agricultural/ food sciences | 17,900 | 500 | 8,800 | 500 | 5,800 | 450 | 1,300 | 200 | D | D | 1,700 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 4,500 | 400 | 900 | 200 | 2,600 | 250 | 900 | 200 |
Biochemistry/ biophysics | 27,100 | 750 | 14,200 | 650 | 4,700 | 400 | 7,500 | 450 | D | D | 1,900 | 250 | 700 | 150 | 5,300 | 400 | 2,800 | 300 | 3,000 | 300 | 1,200 | 200 |
Cell/ molecular biology | 21,000 | 700 | 10,700 | 550 | 3,400 | 350 | 6,400 | 500 | D | D | 800 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 3,900 | 350 | 2,800 | 250 | 2,700 | 300 | 700 | 150 |
Environmental life sciences | 7,300 | 350 | 3,400 | 300 | 2,500 | 250 | 600 | 150 | 100 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 1,300 | 200 | 300 | 100 | 1,800 | 250 | 400 | 100 |
Microbiology | 12,200 | 550 | 5,800 | 400 | 2,400 | 300 | 2,700 | 250 | D | D | 600 | 150 | D | D | 2,300 | 250 | 1,500 | 250 | 2,000 | 250 | 500 | 150 |
Zoology | 10,000 | 500 | 3,900 | 350 | 1,900 | 250 | 1,500 | 200 | D | D | 400 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 1,800 | 250 | 800 | 200 | 2,800 | 300 | 500 | 150 |
Other biological sciences | 80,100 | 1,150 | 39,000 | 950 | 16,600 | 650 | 19,200 | 750 | 400 | 150 | 2,800 | 350 | 1,000 | 200 | 13,000 | 600 | 10,600 | 600 | 13,300 | 600 | 3,200 | 300 |
Computer/ information sciences | 19,000 | 300 | 7,100 | 350 | 3,700 | 300 | 1,600 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 1,300 | 200 | 4,400 | 350 | 2,600 | 250 | 400 | 100 | 4,100 | 300 | 400 | 100 |
Mathematics/ statistics | 32,000 | 450 | 11,300 | 500 | 4,900 | 350 | 4,100 | 350 | 900 | 200 | 1,400 | 250 | 3,500 | 350 | 3,800 | 350 | 1,000 | 200 | 11,400 | 550 | 1,000 | 200 |
Physical sciences | 120,100 | 900 | 56,900 | 950 | 24,500 | 700 | 17,100 | 650 | 3,500 | 350 | 11,800 | 650 | 5,800 | 400 | 23,800 | 750 | 5,800 | 450 | 22,300 | 900 | 5,500 | 400 |
Astronomy/ astrophysics | 4,700 | 400 | 2,500 | 350 | 500 | 150 | 1,600 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 500 | 150 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 300 | 100 |
Chemistry, except biochemistry | 60,500 | 650 | 28,400 | 750 | 13,600 | 650 | 6,300 | 400 | 800 | 200 | 7,600 | 550 | 1,000 | 200 | 14,000 | 600 | 3,400 | 350 | 11,200 | 650 | 2,500 | 300 |
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean sciencesc | 19,100 | 350 | 9,100 | 400 | 4,300 | 350 | 3,600 | 300 | 500 | 150 | 700 | 150 | 700 | 150 | 3,200 | 350 | 600 | 150 | 4,200 | 300 | 1,400 | 200 |
Physics | 35,700 | 500 | 16,900 | 500 | 6,100 | 350 | 5,600 | 350 | 1,900 | 300 | 3,300 | 350 | 3,700 | 350 | 6,100 | 400 | 1,700 | 250 | 5,900 | 450 | 1,400 | 200 |
Psychology | 102,400 | 750 | 19,300 | 700 | 11,400 | 600 | 5,500 | 350 | 600 | 150 | 1,900 | 250 | 900 | 150 | 16,100 | 700 | 45,600 | 1,000 | 17,200 | 650 | 3,400 | 300 |
Social sciences | 87,000 | 750 | 26,400 | 700 | 14,200 | 550 | 10,500 | 550 | 700 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 | 17,300 | 700 | 6,100 | 450 | 32,300 | 750 | 3,900 | 350 |
Economics | 23,200 | 400 | 9,400 | 400 | 6,200 | 400 | 2,700 | 300 | 200 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 400 | 150 | 4,100 | 350 | 2,200 | 300 | 6,200 | 400 | 1,000 | 200 |
Political sciences | 20,100 | 550 | 5,100 | 400 | 2,500 | 300 | 2,300 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 4,300 | 350 | 1,200 | 200 | 8,300 | 450 | 1,000 | 200 |
Sociology | 14,900 | 450 | 4,500 | 350 | 2,100 | 250 | 2,200 | 250 | D | D | 100 | 100 | D | D | 2,700 | 250 | 600 | 150 | 6,400 | 350 | 600 | 150 |
Other social sciences | 28,800 | 700 | 7,300 | 500 | 3,400 | 300 | 3,300 | 350 | D | D | 500 | 150 | 400 | 150 | 6,100 | 450 | 2,100 | 250 | 11,500 | 500 | 1,400 | 200 |
Engineering | 125,500 | 800 | 66,000 | 1,000 | 28,600 | 950 | 6,600 | 450 | 10,400 | 600 | 20,400 | 700 | 8,700 | 500 | 26,900 | 800 | 5,100 | 400 | 13,400 | 600 | 5,400 | 400 |
Aerospace/ aeronautical/ astronautical engineering | 5,100 | 450 | 2,900 | 350 | 1,200 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 600 | 150 | 700 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 1,200 | 250 | 100 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 200 | 100 |
Chemical engineering | 15,700 | 650 | 8,200 | 500 | 3,700 | 350 | 700 | 150 | 1,100 | 200 | 2,700 | 250 | 700 | 200 | 3,700 | 350 | 800 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 |
Civil engineering | 10,900 | 550 | 5,200 | 350 | 2,500 | 250 | 400 | 100 | 1,600 | 200 | 700 | 200 | 500 | 150 | 2,400 | 300 | 600 | 150 | 1,600 | 250 | 500 | 150 |
Electrical/ computer engineering | 36,700 | 400 | 19,400 | 550 | 8,000 | 450 | 1,300 | 200 | 3,000 | 300 | 7,100 | 400 | 4,000 | 400 | 6,900 | 400 | 1,000 | 200 | 3,900 | 350 | 1,400 | 250 |
Materials/ metallurgical engineering | 12,600 | 650 | 7,100 | 450 | 2,900 | 300 | 700 | 200 | 500 | 150 | 3,000 | 350 | 300 | 100 | 3,300 | 350 | 400 | 150 | 800 | 150 | 800 | 200 |
Mechanical engineering | 18,000 | 700 | 9,600 | 550 | 3,200 | 350 | 1,000 | 200 | 2,000 | 300 | 3,400 | 300 | 1,200 | 200 | 3,900 | 350 | 600 | 150 | 1,900 | 300 | 700 | 200 |
Other engineering | 26,600 | 850 | 13,600 | 600 | 7,200 | 450 | 2,000 | 250 | 1,600 | 250 | 2,900 | 300 | 1,600 | 250 | 5,400 | 450 | 1,400 | 250 | 3,700 | 350 | 800 | 200 |
Health | 31,200 | 350 | 11,500 | 450 | 8,000 | 450 | 2,000 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 1,200 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 6,200 | 350 | 4,100 | 300 | 7,400 | 400 | 1,700 | 250 |
D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. SE = standard error. |
a Administration includes accounting, finance, contracts, and human resources. |
b Includes production, operations, maintenance, and other activities not broken out separately. |
c Includes other physical sciences. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Primary and secondary work activities were based on response to the question: "On which two activities...did you work the most hours during a typical week on this job?" |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010. |
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013. |