Table 25. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by selected demographic characteristics and citizenship status: 2010 |
Characteristic | All employed | U.S. citizen | Non-U.S. citizen | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Total | Native born | Naturalized | Total | Permanent resident | Temporary resident | ||||||||
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
Doctorate recipient | 692,900 | 1,750 | 603,800 | 1,900 | 496,800 | 1,700 | 107,000 | 1,200 | 89,200 | 950 | 59,800 | 1,050 | 29,400 | 700 |
Sex Male |
472,700 | 1,400 | 408,100 | 1,500 | 328,900 | 1,350 | 79,300 | 1,050 | 64,600 | 850 | 43,100 | 900 | 21,500 | 550 |
Female | 220,200 | 1,050 | 195,700 | 1,100 | 167,900 | 1,100 | 27,700 | 650 | 24,600 | 600 | 16,600 | 600 | 7,900 | 400 |
Ethnicity and race Hispanic or Latinoa |
23,500 | 350 | 19,200 | 400 | 13,200 | 350 | 6,000 | 300 | 4,300 | 300 | 3,100 | 250 | 1,200 | 150 |
Not Hispanic or Latinob American Indian or Alaska Native |
1,500 | 150 | 1,500 | 150 | 1,400 | 150 | D | D | D | D | D | D | D | D |
Asian | 134,600 | 900 | 76,500 | 900 | 11,600 | 350 | 64,900 | 950 | 58,000 | 750 | 35,700 | 800 | 22,300 | 600 |
Black or African American | 22,300 | 350 | 19,500 | 450 | 14,500 | 350 | 5,100 | 300 | 2,800 | 250 | 2,200 | 250 | 600 | 100 |
White | 502,300 | 1,700 | 478,700 | 1,800 | 449,000 | 1,600 | 29,700 | 750 | 23,600 | 700 | 18,500 | 700 | 5,100 | 350 |
Other racec | 8,800 | 300 | 8,400 | 350 | 7,100 | 300 | 1,300 | 200 | 400 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 100 | 50 |
Age Under 35 |
76,400 | 950 | 49,500 | 800 | 45,200 | 800 | 4,200 | 350 | 27,000 | 700 | 10,500 | 500 | 16,400 | 600 |
35-39 | 88,900 | 1,300 | 61,200 | 1,150 | 52,100 | 1,100 | 9,100 | 500 | 27,700 | 850 | 18,400 | 750 | 9,300 | 550 |
40-44 | 91,900 | 1,300 | 76,700 | 1,150 | 59,300 | 1,050 | 17,400 | 700 | 15,300 | 650 | 13,000 | 600 | 2,200 | 250 |
45-49 | 92,900 | 1,250 | 83,500 | 1,300 | 61,500 | 1,150 | 22,000 | 700 | 9,300 | 600 | 8,500 | 600 | 800 | 200 |
50-54 | 95,500 | 1,300 | 90,400 | 1,250 | 71,200 | 1,100 | 19,200 | 700 | 5,100 | 450 | 4,800 | 450 | 300 | 100 |
55-59 | 92,200 | 1,650 | 89,700 | 1,650 | 75,300 | 1,500 | 14,400 | 550 | 2,500 | 400 | 2,300 | 350 | 300 | 100 |
60-64 | 80,800 | 1,450 | 79,700 | 1,400 | 69,000 | 1,250 | 10,600 | 550 | 1,100 | 250 | 1,100 | 250 | D | D |
65-75 | 74,200 | 1,150 | 73,100 | 1,200 | 63,000 | 1,100 | 10,100 | 600 | 1,100 | 250 | 1,100 | 250 | D | D |
Years since doctorate ≤ 5 |
136,400 | 650 | 88,000 | 650 | 78,700 | 550 | 9,300 | 500 | 48,400 | 600 | 21,600 | 650 | 26,800 | 650 |
6–10 | 108,100 | 800 | 85,100 | 650 | 70,300 | 650 | 14,800 | 500 | 22,900 | 600 | 21,000 | 600 | 2,000 | 250 |
11–15 | 106,400 | 800 | 97,000 | 850 | 70,500 | 700 | 26,500 | 700 | 9,400 | 500 | 9,100 | 500 | 300 | 150 |
16–20 | 92,100 | 800 | 88,000 | 850 | 66,800 | 850 | 21,200 | 550 | 4,200 | 400 | 4,000 | 400 | S | S |
21–25 | 75,000 | 800 | 72,900 | 850 | 60,200 | 750 | 12,700 | 600 | 2,100 | 350 | 2,100 | 300 | D | D |
> 25 | 175,000 | 1,500 | 172,800 | 1,450 | 150,300 | 1,450 | 22,500 | 700 | 2,100 | 350 | 2,000 | 350 | D | D |
Place of birth United States |
487,300 | 1,650 | 487,000 | 1,650 | 486,200 | 1,650 | 800 | 150 | 300 | 150 | 300 | 100 | D | D |
Europe | 33,900 | 850 | 19,500 | 700 | 3,900 | 350 | 15,500 | 600 | 14,500 | 600 | 11,300 | 550 | 3,200 | 250 |
Asia | 138,600 | 1,250 | 77,600 | 1,150 | 3,600 | 300 | 73,900 | 1,100 | 61,000 | 800 | 38,400 | 850 | 22,600 | 600 |
North Americad | 6,400 | 500 | 2,800 | 350 | 1,200 | 200 | 1,700 | 200 | 3,600 | 400 | 2,800 | 350 | 700 | 150 |
Central Americae | 3,300 | 250 | 2,100 | 250 | 400 | 100 | 1,700 | 200 | 1,200 | 150 | 800 | 150 | 400 | 100 |
Caribbean | 2,800 | 250 | 2,200 | 200 | 100 | 50 | 2,100 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 400 | 100 | 200 | 100 |
South America | 7,700 | 400 | 4,500 | 350 | 800 | 150 | 3,800 | 300 | 3,100 | 250 | 2,200 | 250 | 1,000 | 150 |
Africa | 10,200 | 450 | 7,000 | 400 | 400 | 150 | 6,500 | 400 | 3,200 | 300 | 2,600 | 300 | 700 | 100 |
Oceania | 1,300 | 250 | 600 | 150 | D | D | 500 | 150 | 700 | 200 | 600 | 200 | 200 | 100 |
Unknown | 1,500 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 100 | 100 | 400 | 150 | 900 | 200 | 500 | 150 | 400 | 100 |
D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards. SE = standard error. |
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race. c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. |
d Excludes the United States. e Includes Mexico. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010. |
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013. |