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NCSES SDR FY2010 DST 39 SAS Output Newer information icon. Newer information is available.
Table 39. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by occupation and citizenship status: 2010
 

Occupation              All employed U.S. citizen Non-U.S. citizen
Total Total Native born Naturalized Total Permanent resident Temporary resident
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All occupations 692,900 1,750 603,800 1,900 496,800 1,700 107,000 1,200 89,200 950 59,800 1,050 29,400 700
Science occupations 399,800 2,250 346,200 2,150 293,700 2,100 52,400 1,000 53,600 900 35,400 900 18,200 650
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 124,800 1,450 106,600 1,350 90,000 1,250 16,700 600 18,200 650 11,300 500 6,900 450
Agricultural/ food scientists 9,000 500 7,600 450 6,500 400 1,100 200 1,400 200 1,000 200 400 150
Biochemists/ biophysicists 13,400 650 10,100 600 7,700 500 2,400 300 3,400 350 1,800 250 1,600 250
Biological scientists 19,700 700 16,800 650 14,600 600 2,200 250 3,000 300 1,700 250 1,300 200
Forestry/ conservation scientists 1,700 250 1,600 250 1,500 250 200 100 100 50 D D D D
Medical scientists 36,600 1,000 30,000 850 23,600 750 6,400 450 6,600 450 3,800 350 2,800 300
Postsecondary teachers, agricultural/ other natural sciences 6,600 400 5,800 400 5,300 400 400 150 800 200 700 200 S S
Postsecondary teachers, biological sciences 32,500 900 30,500 850 27,200 800 3,200 300 2,100 300 1,700 300 300 100
Other biological/ agricultural/ life scientists 5,300 350 4,400 350 3,600 300 800 150 900 150 600 150 300 100
Computer/ information scientists 38,800 850 29,500 800 19,000 650 10,500 550 9,400 450 6,300 450 3,000 250
Computer/ information scientists 31,100 850 23,500 750 15,200 600 8,300 500 7,600 450 4,900 400 2,700 250
Postsecondary teachers, computer science 7,700 450 6,000 350 3,800 300 2,200 250 1,700 200 1,400 200 300 100
Mathematical scientists 29,700 700 22,900 650 17,200 600 5,700 400 6,900 450 4,700 400 2,200 250
Mathematical scientists 13,200 600 9,500 500 6,500 450 3,100 350 3,600 300 2,200 300 1,400 200
Postsecondary teachers, mathematics/ statistics 16,600 550 13,400 550 10,700 450 2,600 300 3,200 300 2,500 300 700 150
Physical scientists 79,600 1,150 68,800 1,150 58,000 1,100 10,700 600 10,800 550 6,800 400 4,000 300
Chemists, except biochemists 21,800 800 18,500 750 14,300 600 4,200 400 3,400 350 2,100 250 1,200 200
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean scientists 10,800 500 9,100 450 7,900 450 1,200 200 1,700 200 1,000 200 700 150
Physicists/ astronomers 12,900 500 10,900 500 9,300 450 1,600 250 2,000 250 1,100 200 900 150
Postsecondary teachers, chemistry 14,700 650 13,300 600 11,900 600 1,300 200 1,400 200 1,000 200 400 150
Postsecondary teachers, physics 9,000 500 7,700 450 6,400 400 1,400 200 1,300 200 1,000 200 300 100
Postsecondary teachers, other physical sciences 7,700 450 7,200 450 6,500 400 600 150 600 150 400 150 200 100
Other physical scientists 2,500 300 2,100 250 1,800 250 300 100 400 150 200 100 200 100
Psychologists 69,700 900 68,100 900 64,600 900 3,500 300 1,500 250 1,100 250 400 100
Psychologists 51,200 950 50,200 950 47,500 950 2,700 300 1,100 200 800 200 300 100
Postsecondary teachers, psychology 18,400 650 18,000 650 17,200 600 800 200 400 150 300 150 D D
Social scientists 57,200 950 50,300 900 44,900 800 5,400 350 6,900 450 5,100 400 1,800 200
Economists 7,400 450 6,000 400 5,200 400 800 200 1,400 200 700 150 700 150
Political scientists 1,000 200 800 200 800 200 D D S S D D D D
Postsecondary teachers, economics 8,900 500 6,800 450 5,700 400 1,100 200 2,100 250 1,700 250 400 100
Postsecondary teachers, political science 9,300 450 8,600 450 7,900 400 700 150 700 150 500 150 200 100
Postsecondary teachers, sociology 7,500 400 6,900 400 6,300 350 600 100 600 150 500 150 100 50
Postsecondary teachers, other social sciences 12,800 550 11,500 500 10,400 500 1,100 150 1,300 200 1,200 200 200 50
Sociologists/ anthropologists 3,100 300 3,000 300 2,700 300 300 100 100 50 100 50 100 50
Other social scientists 7,100 500 6,600 450 6,000 450 600 150 500 150 400 150 100 50
Engineering occupations 89,000 1,200 67,300 950 45,400 900 21,900 650 21,700 700 13,900 650 7,900 400
Aerospace/ aeronautical/ astronautical engineers 5,600 450 5,100 450 3,700 350 1,400 250 500 150 300 150 200 100
Chemical engineers 7,900 450 5,900 400 4,000 350 1,900 250 2,000 250 1,000 200 1,000 200
Civil/ architectural/ sanitary engineers 4,500 400 2,900 350 1,500 250 1,400 200 1,600 250 900 200 600 150
Electrical engineers 19,000 700 13,000 600 7,800 450 5,200 450 6,000 400 3,900 350 2,100 250
Industrial engineersa 1,000 200 800 200 600 150 200 100 200 100 D D 100 100
Mechanical engineers 9,100 600 6,500 500 4,100 400 2,400 300 2,600 300 1,600 250 1,000 200
Postsecondary teachers, engineering 20,400 700 16,600 650 11,700 550 4,900 350 3,700 350 3,000 300 700 200
Other engineersa 21,400 700 16,400 600 11,900 550 4,400 400 5,100 400 3,000 350 2,100 250
S&E-related occupations 78,900 1,250 73,000 1,200 60,100 1,200 12,900 600 5,900 450 4,700 400 1,200 200
Health occupations, except postsecondary teachers and managers 22,900 800 21,400 800 17,800 750 3,600 350 1,600 250 1,200 200 300 100
Postsecondary teachers, health and related sciences 18,300 700 17,200 650 15,200 600 2,100 250 1,100 200 800 150 300 100
S&E managers, including health 28,400 850 26,500 850 20,800 700 5,700 450 1,900 300 1,700 250 200 100
S&E precollege teachers 4,300 350 4,100 350 3,600 350 500 150 200 100 S S D D
S&E technicians and technologists 4,600 350 3,500 350 2,600 300 900 200 1,100 200 700 200 400 100
Other S&E-related occupations 400 150 300 100 200 100 100 100 D D D D D D
Non-S&E occupations 125,200 1,800 117,300 1,700 97,600 1,500 19,700 800 7,900 550 5,800 450 2,100 250
Arts/ humanities-related occupations 6,300 400 6,100 400 5,600 400 500 150 200 100 200 100 D D
Management-related occupations 23,500 900 21,400 850 17,100 700 4,300 400 2,100 250 1,200 200 900 150
Non-S&E managers 53,100 1,250 51,000 1,200 41,500 1,100 9,500 550 2,100 300 1,700 300 400 150
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers 16,700 650 14,900 650 12,700 550 2,200 250 1,800 200 1,400 200 400 100
Non-S&E precollege/ other teachers 3,100 300 2,900 300 2,700 300 200 100 200 100 S S D D
Sales/ marketing occupations 7,500 450 6,600 450 5,200 400 1,400 250 900 200 600 200 200 100
Social service–related occupations 4,600 350 4,500 350 4,000 350 400 150 100 100 100 100 D D
Other non-S&E occupations 10,300 600 9,900 600 8,900 550 1,000 200 400 150 300 150 D D

D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a From 1999 to 2008, data for Industrial engineers were mislabeled as "Materials/metallurgical engineers." For all years, data in this category have included only Industrial engineers. For all years, data on Materials/metallurgical engineers have been included only in Other engineers.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010.
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013.