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Table 41. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by occupation and years since doctorate: 2010
 

Occupation              All employed ≤ 5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 > 25
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All occupations 692,900 1,750 136,400 650 108,100 800 106,400 800 92,100 800 75,000 800 175,000 1,500
Science occupations 399,800 2,250 88,000 850 64,000 950 60,400 950 50,500 900 41,900 800 94,900 1,350
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 124,800 1,450 31,800 650 21,200 600 19,200 550 15,100 500 12,200 500 25,400 850
Agricultural/ food scientists 9,000 500 1,500 200 1,100 200 1,300 250 1,600 200 1,200 200 2,300 300
Biochemists/ biophysicists 13,400 650 5,500 400 1,900 250 1,700 300 1,600 200 1,100 200 1,600 200
Biological scientists 19,700 700 7,100 400 3,500 300 2,600 250 1,900 250 1,400 250 3,200 300
Forestry/ conservation scientists 1,700 250 300 100 400 100 400 100 D D 200 100 400 150
Medical scientists 36,600 1,000 11,200 500 6,800 500 5,800 400 4,000 350 3,200 300 5,700 450
Postsecondary teachers, agricultural/ other natural sciences 6,600 400 800 200 1,100 150 1,200 200 1,000 200 800 200 1,600 200
Postsecondary teachers, biological sciences 32,500 900 3,400 300 5,300 350 5,400 400 4,500 350 3,900 350 9,900 550
Other biological/ agricultural/ life scientists 5,300 350 1,900 250 1,100 200 700 150 400 150 400 150 700 150
Computer/ information scientists 38,800 850 9,600 400 5,600 400 7,400 400 5,700 400 3,400 300 7,200 550
Computer/ information scientists 31,100 850 8,000 400 4,200 350 6,100 400 4,700 400 2,500 300 5,600 500
Postsecondary teachers, computer science 7,700 450 1,700 200 1,300 200 1,300 200 900 150 900 150 1,600 250
Mathematical scientists 29,700 700 7,200 350 4,900 300 4,100 350 3,600 250 2,900 300 7,000 350
Mathematical scientists 13,200 600 4,100 300 2,200 250 2,100 250 1,400 250 1,100 200 2,200 250
Postsecondary teachers, mathematics/ statistics 16,600 550 3,100 250 2,700 250 2,000 250 2,100 200 1,700 250 4,900 350
Physical scientists 79,600 1,150 15,800 500 12,600 500 11,000 500 9,800 450 9,000 400 21,300 700
Chemists, except biochemists 21,800 800 4,900 300 3,800 350 3,100 300 3,000 300 2,300 250 4,800 400
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean scientists 10,800 500 2,600 250 1,400 200 1,400 200 1,100 200 1,000 150 3,200 350
Physicists/ astronomers 12,900 500 3,500 250 1,800 200 1,300 200 1,500 200 1,100 200 3,700 300
Postsecondary teachers, chemistry 14,700 650 2,300 250 2,300 250 1,900 250 2,000 250 1,800 200 4,400 400
Postsecondary teachers, physics 9,000 500 1,000 150 1,600 200 1,500 200 1,100 200 1,400 200 2,500 300
Postsecondary teachers, other physical sciences 7,700 450 1,100 200 1,100 200 1,300 200 1,100 200 1,300 200 1,900 250
Other physical scientists 2,500 300 500 150 500 150 300 100 100 100 200 100 800 200
Psychologists 69,700 900 10,800 350 10,100 400 10,500 350 9,800 350 8,600 400 19,900 500
Psychologists 51,200 950 7,500 350 7,200 350 7,200 400 7,600 350 7,000 400 14,800 500
Postsecondary teachers, psychology 18,400 650 3,300 300 2,900 250 3,300 300 2,200 250 1,600 200 5,100 350
Social scientists 57,200 950 12,700 400 9,600 400 8,200 400 6,600 350 5,900 400 14,200 500
Economists 7,400 450 1,800 150 1,100 150 1,100 150 500 150 1,100 200 1,900 300
Political scientists 1,000 200 200 100 100 100 200 100 D D D D 200 100
Postsecondary teachers, economics 8,900 500 1,600 200 1,200 200 1,000 200 1,300 200 1,000 150 2,800 300
Postsecondary teachers, political science 9,300 450 1,600 200 1,600 200 1,200 200 1,200 150 900 200 2,800 350
Postsecondary teachers, sociology 7,500 400 1,600 200 1,400 200 1,100 200 700 150 1,000 150 1,900 250
Postsecondary teachers, other social sciences 12,800 550 3,100 250 2,400 250 1,800 200 1,800 250 1,100 200 2,500 300
Sociologists/ anthropologists 3,100 300 800 150 500 150 500 150 400 150 300 100 600 150
Other social scientists 7,100 500 2,000 250 1,300 250 1,300 200 600 150 400 150 1,400 250
Engineering occupations 89,000 1,200 22,000 550 15,000 500 14,000 500 11,700 550 8,300 450 18,100 650
Aerospace/ aeronautical/ astronautical engineers 5,600 450 1,000 150 800 150 1,000 200 700 200 700 200 1,600 300
Chemical engineers 7,900 450 2,100 250 1,000 150 1,200 200 1,200 200 1,000 200 1,300 200
Civil/ architectural/ sanitary engineers 4,500 400 1,200 200 900 200 600 150 500 150 300 100 1,000 200
Electrical engineers 19,000 700 5,400 300 3,600 300 3,500 300 2,400 250 1,400 250 2,700 300
Industrial engineersa 1,000 200 300 100 200 100 100 100 D D 200 100 200 100
Mechanical engineers 9,100 600 2,700 300 1,500 200 1,200 250 1,300 250 400 150 2,000 250
Postsecondary teachers, engineering 20,400 700 3,400 300 3,200 300 2,900 300 3,100 350 2,600 300 5,100 350
Other engineersa 21,400 700 5,900 350 3,900 300 3,400 300 2,400 250 1,700 250 4,100 400
S&E-related occupations 78,900 1,250 12,300 500 12,800 550 13,000 550 12,200 600 8,800 500 19,700 750
Health occupations, except postsecondary teachers and managers 22,900 800 4,500 350 4,000 350 3,300 300 2,700 300 2,400 300 6,000 450
Postsecondary teachers, health and related sciences 18,300 700 3,900 300 3,400 300 2,600 250 2,800 350 1,800 250 3,700 350
S&E managers, including health 28,400 850 2,200 300 3,700 350 5,400 450 5,400 400 3,700 400 8,000 500
S&E precollege teachers 4,300 350 400 100 600 150 900 200 700 200 500 150 1,100 200
S&E technicians and technologists 4,600 350 1,200 200 900 200 800 200 500 150 300 100 900 200
Other S&E-related occupations 400 150 D D D D D D D D D D D D
Non-S&E occupations 125,200 1,800 14,200 600 16,300 750 19,000 700 17,600 650 16,000 650 42,200 900
Arts/ humanities-related occupations 6,300 400 1,100 200 900 150 1,000 200 600 150 400 150 2,400 300
Management-related occupations 23,500 900 3,800 350 3,600 350 3,600 350 3,300 350 2,400 250 6,800 450
Non-S&E managers 53,100 1,250 2,600 250 4,900 350 7,800 500 8,300 500 8,700 600 20,900 750
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers 16,700 650 3,600 300 3,200 300 2,500 300 1,800 250 1,900 250 3,700 350
Non-S&E precollege/ other teachers 3,100 300 400 100 400 150 600 150 600 150 200 100 900 200
Sales/ marketing occupations 7,500 450 700 200 1,200 250 1,100 200 1,200 200 600 150 2,700 300
Social service–related occupations 4,600 350 1,000 200 900 200 800 150 500 100 400 100 1,100 250
Other non-S&E occupations 10,300 600 1,000 200 1,100 200 1,700 250 1,400 250 1,400 250 3,700 350

D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a From 1999 to 2008, data for Industrial engineers were mislabeled as "Materials/metallurgical engineers." For all years, data in this category have included only Industrial engineers. For all years, data on Materials/metallurgical engineers have been included only in Other engineers.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010.
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013.