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Table 43. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by sector of employment, broad occupation, and sex: 2010
 

Employment sector and occupation            All employed Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE
All sectors 692,900 1,750 472,700 1,400 220,200 1,050
Science occupations 399,800 2,250 263,300 1,800 136,500 1,350
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 124,800 1,450 78,900 1,200 45,900 850
Computer/ information scientists 38,800 850 32,900 850 6,000 350
Mathematical scientists 29,700 700 22,200 650 7,500 400
Physical scientists 79,600 1,150 64,400 1,000 15,200 550
Psychologists 69,700 900 30,500 700 39,200 700
Social scientists 57,200 950 34,500 750 22,700 650
Engineering occupations 89,000 1,200 78,400 1,150 10,600 450
S&E-related occupations 78,900 1,250 49,600 1,000 29,300 850
Non-S&E occupations 125,200 1,800 81,300 1,450 43,900 1,000
4-year educational institutiona 289,400 2,600 187,900 2,100 101,400 1,300
Science occupations 198,200 2,100 129,800 1,800 68,400 1,150
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 68,900 1,200 43,300 950 25,600 750
Computer/ information scientists 9,900 500 8,300 450 1,700 200
Mathematical scientists 17,800 550 13,200 500 4,600 300
Physical scientists 37,300 900 29,100 750 8,100 450
Psychologists 22,900 700 10,200 500 12,700 550
Social scientists 41,400 800 25,700 700 15,700 500
Engineering occupations 26,800 900 22,600 850 4,200 350
S&E-related occupations 27,000 800 13,500 650 13,500 600
Non-S&E occupations 37,300 1,050 22,000 750 15,300 600
Other educational institutionb 24,700 800 13,000 650 11,700 550
Science occupations 14,000 600 7,900 500 6,000 400
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 3,300 350 2,000 250 1,300 200
Computer/ information scientists 300 150 200 100 D D
Mathematical scientists 1,400 200 1,000 200 300 100
Physical scientists 3,300 300 2,400 250 900 200
Psychologists 3,900 350 1,400 200 2,400 250
Social scientists 1,800 250 900 150 900 150
Engineering occupations 300 100 300 100 D D
S&E-related occupations 4,900 400 2,800 300 2,100 250
Non-S&E occupations 5,500 400 2,000 250 3,500 300
Private, for-profitc 223,900 2,000 175,600 1,800 48,300 950
Science occupations 98,100 1,500 72,400 1,300 25,600 800
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 26,900 800 17,400 650 9,600 500
Computer/ information scientists 24,200 750 20,900 750 3,300 300
Mathematical scientists 6,800 450 5,300 450 1,400 200
Physical scientists 24,000 850 20,200 850 3,700 300
Psychologists 11,900 600 5,800 400 6,100 450
Social scientists 4,300 350 2,800 300 1,500 200
Engineering occupations 48,600 1,050 44,000 1,000 4,600 300
S&E-related occupations 25,900 850 20,400 750 5,500 400
Non-S&E occupations 51,300 1,200 38,700 1,050 12,600 550
Private, nonprofit 45,100 1,150 26,700 850 18,400 650
Science occupations 23,200 850 13,900 650 9,300 550
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 8,600 500 5,600 400 3,000 300
Computer/ information scientists 1,500 250 1,100 200 300 100
Mathematical scientists 1,300 250 900 200 400 150
Physical scientists 3,500 300 2,800 300 700 150
Psychologists 5,500 400 2,200 250 3,300 350
Social scientists 2,900 300 1,200 200 1,700 250
Engineering occupations 3,000 300 2,600 300 400 150
S&E-related occupations 8,400 450 4,900 400 3,500 350
Non-S&E occupations 10,500 600 5,300 450 5,100 350
Federal government 48,700 1,150 32,900 900 15,800 600
Science occupations 31,400 950 20,800 750 10,600 550
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 12,200 550 7,600 450 4,600 300
Computer/ information scientists 1,100 200 900 200 200 100
Mathematical scientists 1,800 250 1,300 250 500 100
Physical scientists 8,500 450 7,200 450 1,300 200
Psychologists 4,300 400 1,800 250 2,500 300
Social scientists 3,600 350 2,000 250 1,600 200
Engineering occupations 5,700 450 4,800 400 900 200
S&E-related occupations 6,700 400 4,500 400 2,100 250
Non-S&E occupations 4,900 400 2,800 350 2,100 250
State or local government 17,300 750 10,600 650 6,700 450
Science occupations 9,000 550 5,400 450 3,600 300
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 2,200 300 1,400 200 800 150
Computer/ information scientists 600 150 400 150 200 100
Mathematical scientists 300 100 200 100 100 100
Physical scientists 1,500 250 1,200 250 300 100
Psychologists 3,500 350 1,800 250 1,700 250
Social scientists 900 200 400 150 500 150
Engineering occupations 1,800 200 1,400 200 300 100
S&E-related occupations 3,300 300 2,000 250 1,300 200
Non-S&E occupations 3,200 350 1,800 250 1,400 250
Self-employedd 41,700 1,100 24,700 900 17,000 700
Science occupations 24,800 900 12,500 600 12,300 600
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 2,500 300 1,600 250 900 200
Computer/ information scientists 1,100 200 1,000 200 D D
Mathematical scientists 400 150 300 100 100 100
Physical scientists 1,400 250 1,300 250 D D
Psychologists 17,700 750 7,200 450 10,500 550
Social scientists 1,700 250 1,100 200 600 200
Engineering occupations 2,600 300 2,600 300 D D
S&E-related occupations 2,400 300 1,400 250 1,000 200
Non-S&E occupations 11,900 650 8,300 550 3,600 350
Other sectore 2,000 250 1,200 200 800 150
Science occupations 1,200 200 600 150 600 150
Biological/ agricultural/ other life scientists 200 100 D D 200 100
Computer/ information scientists D D D D D D
Mathematical scientists D D D D D D
Physical scientists 100 100 D D D D
Psychologists D D D D D D
Social scientists 700 150 400 150 200 100
Engineering occupations 200 100 100 100 D D
S&E-related occupations 200 100 D D 100 50
Non-S&E occupations 500 150 400 150 100 100

D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes.
b Includes 2-year colleges, community colleges, technical institutes, precollege institutions, and other educational institutions.
c Includes those self-employed in an incorporated business.
d Self-employed or business owner in a nonincorporated business.
e Includes employers not broken out separately.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010.
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013.