Table 48. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and broad occupation: 2010 |
Field | All employed | Science occupationsa | Engineering occupations | S&E-related occupations | Non-S&E occupations | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | Total | Post-secondary teachers | Other | Total | Post-secondary teachers | Other | Total | Health occupations | S&E managers | Other | Total | Non-S&E managers | Non-S&E teachers | Other | ||||||||||||||||
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
All fields | 692,900 | 1,750 | 399,800 | 2,250 | 151,800 | 1,850 | 248,000 | 1,800 | 89,000 | 1,200 | 20,400 | 700 | 68,700 | 1,150 | 78,900 | 1,250 | 41,200 | 950 | 28,400 | 850 | 9,300 | 500 | 125,200 | 1,800 | 53,100 | 1,250 | 18,200 | 650 | 53,900 | 1,250 |
Science | 536,200 | 1,700 | 369,800 | 2,200 | 146,900 | 1,900 | 222,900 | 1,650 | 12,900 | 650 | 2,500 | 250 | 10,300 | 550 | 53,600 | 1,150 | 26,000 | 800 | 20,000 | 750 | 7,500 | 450 | 100,000 | 1,500 | 39,700 | 1,050 | 14,800 | 600 | 45,500 | 1,050 |
Biological/ agricultural/ environmental life sciences | 175,700 | 950 | 114,600 | 1,150 | 39,700 | 950 | 74,900 | 1,100 | 1,800 | 250 | 500 | 150 | 1,300 | 200 | 32,800 | 900 | 19,500 | 750 | 10,000 | 550 | 3,400 | 350 | 26,500 | 800 | 11,100 | 550 | 1,400 | 200 | 14,000 | 650 |
Agricultural/ food sciences | 17,900 | 500 | 12,200 | 500 | 3,700 | 300 | 8,400 | 450 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 2,200 | 250 | 600 | 150 | 1,300 | 250 | 300 | 100 | 3,200 | 350 | 1,700 | 250 | D | D | 1,500 | 250 |
Biochemistry/ biophysics | 27,100 | 750 | 17,400 | 650 | 5,400 | 450 | 12,100 | 500 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 4,700 | 400 | 2,500 | 300 | 1,600 | 250 | 600 | 150 | 4,700 | 350 | 1,900 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 2,600 | 300 |
Cell/ molecular biology | 21,000 | 700 | 13,800 | 550 | 4,400 | 400 | 9,400 | 500 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 3,800 | 350 | 2,200 | 250 | 1,100 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 3,200 | 300 | 1,200 | 200 | D | D | 1,900 | 250 |
Environmental life sciences | 7,300 | 350 | 5,300 | 400 | 2,100 | 250 | 3,200 | 300 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 300 | 100 | 600 | 150 | D | D | 500 | 150 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 400 | 100 | 200 | 100 | 600 | 150 |
Microbiology | 12,200 | 550 | 7,300 | 450 | 2,600 | 300 | 4,700 | 350 | 100 | 100 | D | D | 100 | 100 | 2,500 | 300 | 1,400 | 250 | 800 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 2,200 | 250 | 800 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 1,200 | 200 |
Zoology | 10,000 | 500 | 7,200 | 550 | 3,700 | 350 | 3,500 | 350 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 1,200 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 600 | 150 | 100 | 100 | 1,500 | 200 | 500 | 150 | D | D | 900 | 200 |
Other biological sciences | 80,100 | 1,150 | 51,300 | 1,000 | 17,800 | 700 | 33,400 | 850 | 600 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 17,700 | 700 | 12,300 | 600 | 4,100 | 350 | 1,400 | 250 | 10,600 | 550 | 4,600 | 350 | 600 | 150 | 5,300 | 400 |
Computer/ information sciences | 19,000 | 300 | 15,200 | 400 | 5,400 | 350 | 9,800 | 400 | 700 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 500 | 150 | 1,100 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 700 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 2,000 | 250 | 1,000 | 200 | 300 | 100 | 600 | 150 |
Mathematics/ statistics | 32,000 | 450 | 25,500 | 550 | 15,500 | 550 | 10,000 | 450 | 1,100 | 200 | 400 | 150 | 700 | 150 | 1,100 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 400 | 150 | 500 | 150 | 4,200 | 350 | 1,700 | 250 | 800 | 200 | 1,700 | 250 |
Physical sciences | 120,100 | 900 | 83,000 | 1,100 | 28,700 | 900 | 54,300 | 850 | 8,800 | 500 | 1,200 | 200 | 7,600 | 500 | 10,100 | 550 | 1,800 | 250 | 5,700 | 500 | 2,700 | 250 | 18,200 | 600 | 8,000 | 450 | 700 | 150 | 9,500 | 500 |
Astronomy/ astrophysics | 4,700 | 400 | 4,000 | 350 | 1,700 | 250 | 2,300 | 300 | 100 | 100 | D | D | 100 | 100 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 100 | 50 | 400 | 100 | 100 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 |
Chemistry, except biochemistry | 60,500 | 650 | 40,800 | 800 | 13,300 | 650 | 27,500 | 750 | 3,100 | 350 | 300 | 100 | 2,800 | 300 | 5,700 | 400 | 1,200 | 200 | 3,100 | 350 | 1,400 | 200 | 11,000 | 500 | 4,500 | 400 | 300 | 100 | 6,200 | 400 |
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean sciencesb | 19,100 | 350 | 15,200 | 450 | 6,000 | 350 | 9,200 | 450 | 600 | 150 | 100 | 100 | 500 | 150 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D | 600 | 150 | 300 | 100 | 2,300 | 250 | 1,100 | 200 | 300 | 100 | 900 | 150 |
Physics | 35,700 | 500 | 23,000 | 600 | 7,700 | 500 | 15,300 | 500 | 5,000 | 400 | 800 | 150 | 4,200 | 350 | 3,200 | 300 | 500 | 150 | 1,800 | 250 | 900 | 200 | 4,500 | 350 | 2,200 | 300 | 100 | 100 | 2,200 | 250 |
Psychology | 102,400 | 750 | 76,100 | 850 | 20,000 | 700 | 56,100 | 950 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 5,100 | 400 | 2,400 | 250 | 2,600 | 250 | 100 | 100 | 20,900 | 750 | 7,800 | 500 | 3,500 | 350 | 9,700 | 500 |
Social sciences | 87,000 | 750 | 55,300 | 850 | 37,600 | 800 | 17,700 | 650 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 3,300 | 300 | 2,000 | 250 | 600 | 150 | 600 | 150 | 28,100 | 750 | 10,100 | 500 | 8,000 | 400 | 10,000 | 500 |
Economics | 23,200 | 400 | 16,200 | 500 | 8,900 | 450 | 7,400 | 450 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 500 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 100 | 50 | D | D | 6,500 | 450 | 2,700 | 300 | 1,500 | 250 | 2,300 | 250 |
Political sciences | 20,100 | 550 | 13,100 | 550 | 10,200 | 450 | 2,900 | 350 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 700 | 150 | 500 | 150 | D | D | 100 | 100 | 6,300 | 350 | 2,800 | 300 | 1,000 | 200 | 2,600 | 300 |
Sociology | 14,900 | 450 | 10,300 | 450 | 8,000 | 400 | 2,300 | 300 | D | D | D | D | D | D | 700 | 150 | 500 | 150 | 100 | 100 | D | D | 3,800 | 350 | 1,600 | 200 | 900 | 150 | 1,400 | 200 |
Other social sciences | 28,800 | 700 | 15,700 | 600 | 10,600 | 500 | 5,100 | 400 | 200 | 100 | D | D | D | D | 1,400 | 200 | 800 | 150 | 400 | 100 | 300 | 100 | 11,600 | 500 | 3,100 | 300 | 4,700 | 300 | 3,800 | 300 |
Engineering | 125,500 | 800 | 21,700 | 700 | 3,500 | 300 | 18,200 | 700 | 76,000 | 1,150 | 17,800 | 700 | 58,200 | 1,050 | 9,600 | 600 | 1,100 | 200 | 6,900 | 500 | 1,600 | 250 | 18,300 | 650 | 10,300 | 500 | 1,400 | 200 | 6,500 | 500 |
Aerospace, aeronautical and astronautical engineering | 5,100 | 450 | 800 | 150 | D | D | 700 | 150 | 3,600 | 400 | 500 | 150 | 3,100 | 350 | 300 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | D | D | 500 | 150 | 400 | 150 | D | D | D | D |
Chemical engineering | 15,700 | 650 | 2,000 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 1,800 | 250 | 9,800 | 500 | 1,800 | 250 | 8,000 | 450 | 1,300 | 250 | 100 | 100 | 1,000 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 2,500 | 350 | 1,300 | 250 | D | D | 1,200 | 250 |
Civil engineering | 10,900 | 550 | 1,000 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 800 | 200 | 7,800 | 450 | 2,600 | 300 | 5,200 | 400 | 900 | 200 | D | D | 900 | 200 | D | D | 1,100 | 200 | 800 | 200 | D | D | 200 | 100 |
Electrical/ computer engineering | 36,700 | 400 | 8,400 | 450 | 1,400 | 200 | 7,000 | 400 | 21,200 | 550 | 5,000 | 450 | 16,100 | 550 | 2,400 | 300 | 200 | 100 | 1,600 | 250 | 600 | 150 | 4,700 | 350 | 3,000 | 300 | 300 | 100 | 1,400 | 200 |
Materials/ metallurgical engineering | 12,600 | 650 | 1,800 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 1,500 | 250 | 7,600 | 500 | 900 | 200 | 6,600 | 450 | 1,300 | 250 | D | D | 1,000 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 2,000 | 300 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D | 1,000 | 200 |
Mechanical engineering | 18,000 | 700 | 1,800 | 250 | 200 | 100 | 1,500 | 200 | 12,800 | 650 | 3,200 | 300 | 9,600 | 550 | 1,000 | 200 | D | D | 800 | 150 | 200 | 100 | 2,400 | 300 | 1,500 | 200 | D | D | 900 | 200 |
Other engineering | 26,600 | 850 | 6,000 | 400 | 1,000 | 200 | 4,900 | 350 | 13,200 | 650 | 3,700 | 300 | 9,500 | 600 | 2,500 | 350 | 700 | 150 | 1,500 | 250 | 300 | 100 | 4,900 | 400 | 2,300 | 250 | 900 | 200 | 1,700 | 250 |
Health | 31,200 | 350 | 8,300 | 450 | 1,300 | 200 | 7,000 | 450 | 200 | 100 | D | D | 200 | 100 | 15,700 | 500 | 14,000 | 450 | 1,500 | 200 | 200 | 100 | 7,000 | 400 | 3,100 | 250 | 2,000 | 250 | 1,900 | 200 |
D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. |
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error. |
a Further detail for science occupations can be found in table 49. |
b Includes other physical sciences. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2010. |
Data from survey cycle 2010, as of August 21, 2013. |