Table 10. Employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and age: 2013 |
Field | All employed | Under 35 | 35–39 | 40–44 | 45–49 | 50–54 | 55–59 | 60–64 | 65–75 | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | Number | SE | |
All fields | 720,800 | 1,900 | 76,600 | 1,100 | 96,000 | 1,250 | 98,100 | 1,250 | 91,700 | 1,550 | 92,300 | 1,400 | 94,200 | 1,350 | 83,600 | 1,400 | 88,200 | 1,400 |
Science | 553,600 | 1,850 | 54,500 | 900 | 71,100 | 1,200 | 74,900 | 1,200 | 69,400 | 1,300 | 69,500 | 1,300 | 75,100 | 1,200 | 68,300 | 1,350 | 70,600 | 1,250 |
Biological/ agricultural/ environmental life sciences | 183,500 | 1,000 | 21,000 | 600 | 26,700 | 750 | 25,900 | 700 | 24,000 | 750 | 22,100 | 750 | 25,100 | 700 | 20,700 | 700 | 18,000 | 600 |
Agricultural/ food sciences | 16,800 | 550 | 900 | 150 | 1,600 | 200 | 1,400 | 200 | 2,400 | 300 | 2,400 | 300 | 3,700 | 300 | 2,400 | 250 | 1,900 | 250 |
Biochemistry/ biophysics | 27,700 | 900 | 3,800 | 300 | 3,400 | 300 | 3,900 | 350 | 3,700 | 350 | 2,800 | 400 | 3,500 | 350 | 3,300 | 300 | 3,300 | 350 |
Cell/ molecular biology | 21,400 | 600 | 2,600 | 250 | 3,900 | 400 | 4,000 | 350 | 3,800 | 350 | 2,900 | 350 | 2,300 | 300 | 900 | 200 | 900 | 200 |
Environmental life sciences | 7,600 | 400 | 600 | 150 | 1,200 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 | 1,000 | 200 | 800 | 150 | 1,000 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 | 900 | 200 |
Microbiology | 13,100 | 600 | 1,900 | 250 | 1,700 | 250 | 1,500 | 250 | 1,500 | 200 | 1,800 | 300 | 1,500 | 250 | 1,500 | 200 | 1,600 | 250 |
Zoology | 9,000 | 500 | 300 | 100 | 800 | 150 | 600 | 150 | 800 | 150 | 1,200 | 200 | 1,500 | 250 | 1,500 | 200 | 2,200 | 250 |
Other biological sciences | 87,900 | 1,350 | 10,900 | 550 | 14,200 | 650 | 13,400 | 550 | 10,800 | 550 | 10,200 | 550 | 11,400 | 450 | 10,000 | 550 | 7,200 | 450 |
Computer/ information sciences | 21,900 | 300 | 3,100 | 250 | 4,500 | 300 | 3,300 | 300 | 3,000 | 300 | 2,800 | 250 | 2,900 | 300 | 1,700 | 250 | 700 | 150 |
Mathematics/ statistics | 32,600 | 500 | 4,100 | 300 | 4,500 | 300 | 4,400 | 300 | 4,300 | 350 | 3,800 | 350 | 3,300 | 300 | 3,600 | 300 | 4,600 | 300 |
Physical sciences | 122,200 | 800 | 13,100 | 400 | 15,400 | 600 | 16,500 | 550 | 16,500 | 550 | 17,100 | 600 | 15,900 | 650 | 11,800 | 550 | 16,000 | 550 |
Astronomy/ astrophysics | 5,000 | 350 | 700 | 150 | 800 | 200 | 900 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 500 | 150 | 500 | 150 | 400 | 150 | 500 | 150 |
Chemistry, except biochemistry | 61,200 | 650 | 7,100 | 250 | 8,300 | 400 | 8,400 | 450 | 8,100 | 400 | 8,500 | 400 | 8,100 | 450 | 5,700 | 400 | 7,000 | 450 |
Earth/ atmospheric/ ocean sciencesa | 19,400 | 350 | 1,600 | 200 | 2,000 | 250 | 2,400 | 250 | 2,200 | 250 | 3,200 | 250 | 3,000 | 300 | 2,400 | 250 | 2,600 | 250 |
Physics | 36,600 | 550 | 3,600 | 250 | 4,300 | 350 | 4,700 | 350 | 5,500 | 350 | 4,900 | 350 | 4,300 | 300 | 3,300 | 300 | 5,800 | 350 |
Psychology | 104,900 | 700 | 7,800 | 400 | 10,700 | 450 | 13,000 | 500 | 11,500 | 550 | 12,500 | 550 | 15,400 | 650 | 17,300 | 600 | 16,700 | 600 |
Social sciences | 88,500 | 850 | 5,500 | 300 | 9,200 | 400 | 11,900 | 500 | 10,200 | 500 | 11,300 | 550 | 12,600 | 650 | 13,200 | 650 | 14,600 | 600 |
Economics | 23,800 | 450 | 1,900 | 200 | 2,700 | 250 | 2,900 | 250 | 2,500 | 250 | 3,300 | 300 | 3,800 | 350 | 2,600 | 350 | 4,100 | 350 |
Political sciences | 20,400 | 650 | 1,300 | 200 | 2,100 | 200 | 2,900 | 300 | 2,300 | 250 | 2,700 | 250 | 2,400 | 250 | 2,900 | 350 | 3,700 | 350 |
Sociology | 14,300 | 450 | 1,000 | 150 | 1,500 | 200 | 1,800 | 200 | 1,700 | 200 | 1,600 | 200 | 2,000 | 250 | 2,500 | 300 | 2,200 | 250 |
Other social sciences | 29,900 | 800 | 1,300 | 200 | 2,900 | 250 | 4,200 | 350 | 3,700 | 350 | 3,700 | 350 | 4,300 | 400 | 5,300 | 400 | 4,700 | 400 |
Engineering | 133,700 | 850 | 19,600 | 500 | 21,000 | 600 | 19,000 | 700 | 18,900 | 650 | 18,800 | 650 | 13,500 | 600 | 9,700 | 500 | 13,300 | 550 |
Aerospace/ aeronautical/ astronautical engineering | 5,200 | 400 | 800 | 200 | 600 | 150 | 1,000 | 250 | 800 | 150 | 700 | 150 | 300 | 150 | 500 | 150 | 400 | 150 |
Chemical engineering | 16,500 | 700 | 2,800 | 350 | 2,400 | 250 | 2,200 | 300 | 2,200 | 250 | 2,500 | 300 | 2,000 | 300 | 900 | 200 | 1,500 | 250 |
Civil engineering | 11,300 | 600 | 1,000 | 200 | 1,800 | 250 | 1,600 | 250 | 1,800 | 250 | 1,600 | 250 | 1,000 | 200 | 1,000 | 200 | 1,500 | 250 |
Electrical/ computer engineering | 39,400 | 500 | 5,400 | 300 | 6,400 | 350 | 6,100 | 350 | 5,700 | 400 | 5,400 | 400 | 4,400 | 350 | 2,300 | 300 | 3,700 | 300 |
Materials/ metallurgical engineering | 13,900 | 600 | 2,300 | 250 | 2,000 | 250 | 1,800 | 250 | 2,200 | 300 | 2,400 | 300 | 1,100 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 | 1,100 | 200 |
Mechanical engineering | 19,400 | 800 | 2,800 | 300 | 3,100 | 350 | 2,800 | 350 | 2,600 | 300 | 2,800 | 350 | 1,900 | 300 | 1,400 | 200 | 1,900 | 250 |
Other engineering | 28,100 | 800 | 4,500 | 300 | 4,600 | 350 | 3,600 | 350 | 3,600 | 350 | 3,400 | 300 | 2,800 | 350 | 2,500 | 300 | 3,200 | 350 |
Health | 33,500 | 450 | 2,400 | 250 | 4,000 | 300 | 4,200 | 350 | 3,300 | 300 | 4,000 | 350 | 5,600 | 350 | 5,600 | 400 | 4,300 | 300 |
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 50. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards. SE = standard error. a Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences includes other physical sciences. |
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 100. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 50. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2013. |
Data from survey cycle 2013, as of 18 February 2014. |