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Table 2. U.S. residing doctoral scientists and engineers, by broad field of doctorate, employment status, and sex: 2015

Field and employment status Total Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE
All fields 920,050 1,625 609,950 1,400 310,150 800
Full time 700,700 1,875 473,000 1,750 227,700 1,250
Part time 86,550 1,375 46,400 1,075 40,150 875
Unemployeda 14,300 600 8,700 500 5,600 350
Retired 101,200 1,375 76,450 1,250 24,750 650
Not employed or not seeking workb 17,300 600 5,350 400 11,950 475
Science 704,950 1,625 447,600 1,500 257,350 875
Full time 524,650 1,925 339,350 1,775 185,300 1,150
Part time 72,400 1,250 36,850 1,025 35,550 800
Unemployeda 11,200 500 6,550 400 4,650 275
Retired 82,800 1,325 61,000 1,200 21,750 625
Not employed or not seeking workb 13,900 500 3,850 350 10,050 425
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 228,650 950 139,500 1,100 89,150 750
Full time 178,550 1,150 109,600 1,150 69,000 700
Part time 16,500 600 8,000 500 8,500 400
Unemployeda 4,200 300 2,200 225 2,000 200
Retired 24,050 750 18,300 675 5,800 350
Not employed or not seeking workb 5,300 300 1,450 200 3,850 250
Computer/information sciences 26,350 275 21,350 325 5,000 200
Full time 23,500 350 19,500 375 4,050 200
Part time 1,100 175 750 150 350 75
Unemployeda 500 125 400 125 100 50
Retired 850 125 600 125 250 75
Not employed or not seeking workb 400 100 150 75 250 75
Mathematics/statistics 43,400 425 33,650 500 9,750 300
Full time 32,800 550 25,000 550 7,750 300
Part time 3,150 300 2,450 275 700 125
Unemployeda 600 150 500 125 150 75
Retired 6,050 300 5,250 300 800 125
Not employed or not seeking workb 750 150 400 125 350 100
Physical sciences 157,100 800 123,800 900 33,300 575
Full time 119,050 975 93,200 925 25,850 475
Part time 12,500 550 9,600 525 2,900 200
Unemployeda 2,750 250 2,000 250 750 125
Retired 20,300 600 18,100 575 2,250 200
Not employed or not seeking workb 2,450 225 900 175 1,550 200
Psychology 134,250 525 58,500 825 75,750 750
Full time 87,000 875 40,400 750 46,600 725
Part time 27,200 775 9,000 525 18,200 650
Unemployeda 1,500 200 550 125 950 175
Retired 15,600 550 8,000 450 7,550 375
Not employed or not seeking workb 3,000 250 550 125 2,450 250
Social sciences 115,150 850 70,750 750 44,350 550
Full time 83,700 925 51,650 750 32,100 525
Part time 11,900 500 6,950 425 4,950 300
Unemployeda 1,650 175 950 150 700 100
Retired 15,900 500 10,800 425 5,100 300
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,950 200 400 100 1,550 200
Engineering 171,250 925 146,350 1,000 24,900 475
Full time 142,350 950 121,250 950 21,100 475
Part time 9,550 450 7,850 425 1,700 200
Unemployeda 2,500 300 1,950 275 600 100
Retired 14,350 500 13,950 500 400 75
Not employed or not seeking workb 2,450 250 1,350 200 1,100 150
Health 43,900 350 16,000 350 27,900 350
Full time 33,750 500 12,400 400 21,350 475
Part time 4,600 350 1,700 250 2,900 250
Unemployeda 600 150 200 75 400 150
Retired 4,050 350 1,500 200 2,550 275
Not employed or not seeking workb 950 175 150 75 750 175
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Unemployed includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week but had been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks or who were on layoff from their job.
b Not employed or not seeking work includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week and had not been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks because of family responsibilities, chronic illness, or other reasons.
NOTES:  Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Designation of full-time and part-time employment status is based on principal job only, not on all jobs held in labor force. For example, an individual could work part-time in his or her principal job but full-time in labor force. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.