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Table 13. U.S. residing employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by sector of employment, broad field of doctorate, and sex: 2015

Employment sector and field All employed Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE
All sectors 787,250 1,900 519,400 1,700 267,850 1,050
Science 597,050 1,975 376,200 1,775 220,850 1,025
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 195,050 1,075 117,600 1,100 77,500 750
Computer/information sciences 24,600 325 20,250 350 4,350 175
Mathematics/statistics 35,950 550 27,500 550 8,450 300
Physical sciences 131,550 950 102,800 950 28,750 500
Psychology 114,200 750 49,400 825 64,800 775
Social sciences 95,650 950 58,600 750 37,050 575
Engineering 151,900 925 129,100 975 22,800 425
Health 38,350 475 14,150 400 24,200 425
4-year educational institutiona 323,200 2,250 204,550 2,025 118,650 1,125
Science 262,500 2,050 164,900 1,875 97,600 1,025
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 89,650 1,100 53,550 1,050 36,050 625
Computer/information sciences 9,000 350 7,100 350 1,900 150
Mathematics/statistics 20,350 600 15,350 550 5,000 300
Physical sciences 46,700 850 36,250 825 10,500 375
Psychology 38,150 825 16,550 625 21,600 575
Social sciences 58,600 950 36,100 775 22,550 475
Engineering 40,300 925 33,350 900 6,950 300
Health 20,400 475 6,300 325 14,100 425
Other educational institutionb 28,300 725 14,200 600 14,100 450
Science 26,100 700 13,050 575 13,050 450
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 7,100 375 3,250 300 3,850 275
Computer/information sciences 250 75 150 50 100 25
Mathematics/statistics 1,450 200 1,050 175 400 100
Physical sciences 5,400 350 3,450 300 1,950 175
Psychology 7,000 450 2,550 325 4,450 300
Social sciences 4,850 350 2,600 275 2,250 200
Engineering 1,350 175 1,000 150 350 75
Health 850 150 100 50 750 125
Private, for-profitc 266,650 2,150 199,650 2,125 67,000 925
Science 171,200 1,775 119,150 1,750 52,050 850
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 55,500 1,075 35,350 950 20,100 650
Computer/information sciences 13,050 375 11,150 375 1,900 200
Mathematics/statistics 10,200 500 8,050 450 2,150 250
Physical sciences 55,100 1,050 43,900 1,000 11,250 400
Psychology 24,600 725 11,950 575 12,650 600
Social sciences 12,750 500 8,700 425 4,050 275
Engineering 88,100 1,025 76,350 1,050 11,700 425
Health 7,400 400 4,200 325 3,200 275
Private, nonprofit 52,200 1,050 30,350 900 21,850 625
Science 42,550 975 24,350 825 18,150 575
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 16,400 650 9,600 550 6,800 350
Computer/information sciences 950 150 700 125 250 75
Mathematics/statistics 1,350 200 1,100 175 250 75
Physical sciences 6,900 400 5,300 350 1,600 150
Psychology 10,500 500 4,250 350 6,200 375
Social sciences 6,400 425 3,350 350 3,050 250
Engineering 5,700 350 4,550 325 1,150 150
Health 4,000 325 1,450 225 2,550 275
Federal government 50,200 1,000 32,900 875 17,300 600
Science 38,500 875 24,500 725 14,000 525
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 14,700 475 8,900 400 5,800 325
Computer/information sciences 750 125 600 125 150 50
Mathematics/statistics 1,500 225 1,050 175 400 125
Physical sciences 10,450 450 8,250 425 2,200 200
Psychology 5,800 375 2,850 300 2,950 275
Social sciences 5,250 350 2,800 275 2,450 225
Engineering 8,800 425 7,250 425 1,500 175
Health 2,950 250 1,150 150 1,800 200
State or local government 16,200 625 9,500 550 6,700 350
Science 13,050 525 7,450 475 5,600 325
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 3,900 250 2,350 200 1,550 175
Computer/information sciences 200 100 200 100 D D
Mathematics/statistics 100 50 100 50 D D
Physical sciences 1,900 225 1,400 175 500 100
Psychology 4,450 350 1,900 250 2,550 250
Social sciences 2,450 275 1,550 250 950 125
Engineering 2,000 225 1,600 225 400 100
Health 1,150 200 450 125 700 150
Self-employedd 45,600 1,025 25,000 825 20,600 625
Science 39,500 950 20,400 750 19,100 600
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 7,100 425 4,150 350 3,000 250
Computer/information sciences 400 125 350 100 100 50
Mathematics/statistics 800 125 700 125 S S
Physical sciences 4,350 300 3,650 300 700 100
Psychology 23,000 775 9,050 575 13,950 600
Social sciences 3,850 325 2,500 275 1,300 150
Engineering 4,600 400 4,150 375 500 100
Health 1,500 175 500 125 1,000 150
Othere 4,900 350 3,250 325 1,650 225
Science 3,700 300 2,400 275 1,300 200
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 750 125 450 100 300 75
Computer/information sciences D D D D D D
Mathematics/statistics 150 75 D D 100 50
Physical sciences 700 175 600 175 100 50
Psychology 650 175 300 100 350 125
Social sciences 1,400 175 1,000 150 400 100
Engineering 1,050 175 800 150 250 100
Health 150 50 D D 100 50
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes.
b Includes 2-year colleges, community colleges, or technical institutes, and other precollege institutions.
c Includes those self-employed in an incorporated business.
d Self-employed or business owner in a nonincorporated business.
e Includes employers not broken out separately.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.