Characteristic |
All employed |
4-year educational institutiona |
Other educational institutionb |
Private, for-profitc |
Private, nonprofit |
Federal government |
State or local government |
Self-employedd |
Othere |
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---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
Number |
SE |
|
Doctorate recipient | 787,250 | 1,900 | 323,200 | 2,250 | 28,300 | 725 | 266,650 | 2,150 | 52,200 | 1,050 | 50,200 | 1,000 | 16,200 | 625 | 45,600 | 1,025 | 4,900 | 350 |
Sex | ||||||||||||||||||
Male | 519,400 | 1,700 | 204,550 | 2,025 | 14,200 | 600 | 199,650 | 2,125 | 30,350 | 900 | 32,900 | 875 | 9,500 | 550 | 25,000 | 825 | 3,250 | 325 |
Female | 267,850 | 1,050 | 118,650 | 1,125 | 14,100 | 450 | 67,000 | 925 | 21,850 | 625 | 17,300 | 600 | 6,700 | 350 | 20,600 | 625 | 1,650 | 225 |
Ethnicity | ||||||||||||||||||
Hispanic or Latinof | 32,400 | 425 | 14,950 | 375 | 1,550 | 125 | 9,350 | 350 | 2,250 | 175 | 1,950 | 150 | 700 | 100 | 1,150 | 125 | 500 | 100 |
Not Hispanic or Latinog | ||||||||||||||||||
American Indian or Alaska Native | 1,500 | 175 | 650 | 100 | 100 | 50 | 400 | 100 | 50 | 50 | 100 | 50 | * | * | S | S | D | D |
Asian | 178,300 | 1,350 | 57,950 | 1,175 | 2,250 | 250 | 92,850 | 1,325 | 9,050 | 500 | 7,300 | 450 | 3,400 | 350 | 3,900 | 325 | 1,600 | 250 |
Black or African American | 27,350 | 400 | 12,350 | 375 | 2,150 | 175 | 6,550 | 250 | 1,650 | 150 | 2,300 | 150 | 1,150 | 150 | 850 | 125 | 350 | 100 |
White | 537,850 | 1,700 | 233,100 | 1,825 | 21,900 | 675 | 154,700 | 1,675 | 38,400 | 1,000 | 37,750 | 900 | 10,600 | 500 | 38,950 | 950 | 2,450 | 250 |
Other raceh | 9,900 | 375 | 4,100 | 275 | 350 | 75 | 2,850 | 225 | 800 | 125 | 850 | 100 | 300 | 75 | 600 | 125 | D | D |
Age | ||||||||||||||||||
Under 35 | 81,800 | 900 | 36,850 | 625 | 1,750 | 175 | 30,500 | 675 | 5,500 | 350 | 4,850 | 300 | 1,250 | 150 | 650 | 100 | 400 | 100 |
35–39 | 108,100 | 1,250 | 46,600 | 975 | 2,450 | 200 | 40,500 | 900 | 8,200 | 400 | 6,300 | 350 | 1,600 | 175 | 1,950 | 225 | 500 | 100 |
40–44 | 104,300 | 1,450 | 45,000 | 1,000 | 3,300 | 250 | 36,150 | 925 | 7,250 | 425 | 6,600 | 425 | 1,850 | 200 | 3,450 | 300 | 700 | 125 |
45–49 | 100,750 | 1,450 | 40,250 | 900 | 3,800 | 300 | 38,550 | 1,100 | 6,500 | 450 | 6,350 | 400 | 1,750 | 225 | 3,050 | 300 | 450 | 100 |
50–54 | 102,050 | 1,275 | 39,100 | 800 | 3,900 | 325 | 37,300 | 1,000 | 6,300 | 450 | 7,850 | 475 | 2,350 | 275 | 4,500 | 350 | 800 | 150 |
55–59 | 94,700 | 1,400 | 38,700 | 950 | 4,100 | 300 | 30,850 | 875 | 5,700 | 400 | 6,900 | 350 | 2,700 | 275 | 5,250 | 425 | 500 | 125 |
60–64 | 93,500 | 1,275 | 38,050 | 975 | 3,950 | 325 | 27,000 | 950 | 5,800 | 425 | 6,200 | 400 | 2,300 | 225 | 9,450 | 525 | 750 | 175 |
65–75 | 102,050 | 1,325 | 38,700 | 1,000 | 5,050 | 300 | 25,750 | 825 | 6,900 | 500 | 5,200 | 375 | 2,400 | 300 | 17,350 | 700 | 750 | 150 |
Citizenship | ||||||||||||||||||
U.S. citizen | 681,900 | 2,075 | 280,100 | 2,075 | 27,200 | 700 | 217,800 | 2,175 | 46,050 | 1,025 | 48,200 | 975 | 14,750 | 600 | 44,650 | 1,000 | 3,150 | 300 |
Native-born | 529,250 | 1,900 | 227,400 | 1,925 | 23,450 | 675 | 148,750 | 1,725 | 38,700 | 950 | 39,550 | 900 | 11,350 | 500 | 38,050 | 900 | 2,050 | 250 |
Naturalized | 152,600 | 1,675 | 52,700 | 1,100 | 3,800 | 275 | 69,050 | 1,350 | 7,350 | 475 | 8,650 | 500 | 3,400 | 350 | 6,600 | 425 | 1,100 | 175 |
Non-U.S. citizen | 105,400 | 1,225 | 43,100 | 950 | 1,050 | 150 | 48,850 | 1,050 | 6,150 | 350 | 2,000 | 250 | 1,500 | 175 | 950 | 175 | 1,750 | 200 |
Permanent resident | 76,700 | 1,225 | 29,850 | 825 | 1,000 | 150 | 37,250 | 950 | 4,550 | 325 | 1,300 | 200 | 1,250 | 175 | 800 | 175 | 700 | 150 |
Temporary resident | 28,700 | 650 | 13,250 | 475 | 100 | 50 | 11,600 | 475 | 1,600 | 175 | 700 | 150 | 250 | 75 | 150 | 50 | 1,050 | 150 |
Years since doctorate | ||||||||||||||||||
≤ 5 | 123,300 | 525 | 57,350 | 750 | 3,650 | 225 | 40,300 | 650 | 9,450 | 400 | 7,550 | 400 | 2,500 | 200 | 1,900 | 200 | 600 | 100 |
6–10 | 137,650 | 775 | 60,400 | 900 | 4,400 | 250 | 48,250 | 875 | 9,600 | 450 | 8,500 | 350 | 2,400 | 250 | 3,300 | 300 | 850 | 150 |
11–15 | 112,050 | 1,025 | 46,900 | 900 | 4,500 | 325 | 37,300 | 750 | 7,850 | 450 | 8,000 | 425 | 2,700 | 250 | 4,200 | 350 | 650 | 125 |
16–20 | 111,750 | 775 | 41,750 | 800 | 4,250 | 275 | 42,500 | 800 | 6,900 | 450 | 7,800 | 400 | 2,550 | 275 | 5,250 | 375 | 750 | 150 |
21–25 | 94,050 | 875 | 35,150 | 850 | 3,900 | 325 | 33,900 | 875 | 5,400 | 350 | 6,400 | 425 | 2,150 | 275 | 6,550 | 350 | 600 | 125 |
> 25 | 208,500 | 1,575 | 81,700 | 1,275 | 7,600 | 425 | 64,400 | 1,325 | 13,050 | 575 | 11,950 | 625 | 3,950 | 325 | 24,450 | 800 | 1,450 | 225 |
Primary or secondary work activityi | ||||||||||||||||||
Any R&D | 494,300 | 2,400 | 221,400 | 2,000 | 5,400 | 350 | 175,300 | 1,775 | 32,350 | 850 | 34,450 | 850 | 7,750 | 450 | 14,450 | 625 | 3,250 | 275 |
Applied research | 272,400 | 2,225 | 108,950 | 1,650 | 1,900 | 200 | 97,900 | 1,575 | 21,550 | 650 | 25,950 | 725 | 5,600 | 400 | 8,450 | 475 | 2,150 | 225 |
Basic research | 175,600 | 1,700 | 130,700 | 1,400 | 2,050 | 250 | 15,250 | 600 | 11,150 | 500 | 11,800 | 550 | 1,450 | 175 | 2,450 | 250 | 800 | 150 |
Design | 52,800 | 1,125 | 5,200 | 325 | 550 | 125 | 37,250 | 950 | 3,150 | 300 | 3,350 | 300 | 850 | 150 | 2,100 | 250 | 350 | 125 |
Development | 117,400 | 1,625 | 12,050 | 550 | 1,250 | 175 | 86,150 | 1,275 | 5,550 | 350 | 5,350 | 400 | 1,550 | 200 | 4,550 | 350 | 1,000 | 175 |
Computer applications | 67,000 | 1,100 | 11,300 | 525 | 550 | 125 | 42,100 | 875 | 3,850 | 275 | 4,800 | 325 | 1,450 | 225 | 2,450 | 275 | 450 | 100 |
Management, sales, or administrationj | 310,450 | 2,075 | 95,650 | 1,350 | 8,900 | 475 | 125,850 | 1,900 | 26,900 | 775 | 24,600 | 750 | 8,900 | 425 | 17,800 | 650 | 1,900 | 200 |
Professional services | 116,450 | 1,625 | 19,150 | 700 | 3,600 | 300 | 42,750 | 1,050 | 11,950 | 550 | 6,600 | 375 | 4,300 | 325 | 27,350 | 800 | 750 | 150 |
Teaching | 234,000 | 2,050 | 191,800 | 1,900 | 21,400 | 625 | 7,600 | 425 | 4,200 | 375 | 2,350 | 225 | 1,400 | 200 | 5,000 | 425 | 250 | 100 |
Other work activityk | 69,100 | 1,325 | 24,000 | 650 | 3,750 | 300 | 22,600 | 675 | 5,300 | 350 | 6,100 | 400 | 2,000 | 200 | 4,550 | 375 | 800 | 175 |