Table 28-2. U.S. residing employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by selected demographic and employment-related characteristics and primary work activity: 2015

Characteristic All employed Research and development Total Computer applications Management, sales, or administrationa Professional services Teaching Otherb
Any R&D Applied research Basic research Design Development
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
Doctorate recipient 787,250 1,900 326,350 2,150 156,000 1,525 93,650 1,400 19,550 650 57,150 1,200 460,900 2,300 34,000 875 143,300 1,700 95,800 1,400 152,800 1,725 35,050 950
Sex
Male 519,400 1,700 232,500 2,050 106,450 1,400 65,800 1,225 16,300 625 43,950 1,075 286,900 2,000 29,000 825 95,750 1,450 49,550 1,250 91,050 1,450 21,600 800
Female 267,850 1,050 93,850 1,150 49,500 825 27,850 700 3,250 275 13,250 525 174,000 1,400 5,050 300 47,550 900 46,250 950 61,750 875 13,400 525
Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latinoc 32,400 425 13,650 375 6,750 250 3,850 200 800 150 2,250 200 18,750 400 750 125 5,300 300 3,950 225 7,450 300 1,350 125
Not Hispanic or Latinod
American Indian or Alaska Native 1,500 175 600 125 350 125 150 50 D D 50 50 900 125 D D 200 50 250 100 400 75 50 25
Asian 178,300 1,350 96,450 1,350 39,800 1,100 25,500 800 8,000 400 23,200 775 81,800 1,300 15,750 625 28,100 925 12,000 650 18,000 625 8,000 525
Black or African American 27,350 400 8,300 300 4,600 200 1,950 150 500 75 1,200 150 19,050 400 550 100 5,900 275 3,650 225 7,300 300 1,650 175
White 537,850 1,700 203,350 1,700 102,750 1,325 61,000 1,075 9,900 475 29,700 775 334,450 2,000 16,750 625 101,950 1,525 74,700 1,275 117,600 1,475 23,450 700
Other racee 9,900 375 4,000 275 1,700 175 1,250 125 300 100 750 125 5,900 325 250 75 1,850 200 1,300 200 2,000 175 550 125
Age
Under 35 81,800 900 47,850 850 21,400 575 16,250 550 2,400 225 7,800 375 34,000 700 5,100 350 8,300 350 5,750 325 11,600 400 3,250 300
35–39 108,100 1,250 57,000 1,075 27,450 800 17,650 650 2,650 250 9,300 525 51,100 875 5,950 350 13,600 550 9,500 500 17,900 500 4,100 325
40–44 104,300 1,450 47,000 1,100 22,050 675 13,700 625 2,650 250 8,550 475 57,300 1,175 4,800 375 17,850 750 10,300 525 19,600 625 4,750 350
45–49 100,750 1,450 40,300 900 19,100 675 10,850 575 2,150 200 8,200 525 60,450 1,200 4,300 375 21,500 775 10,600 625 19,500 625 4,550 350
50–54 102,050 1,275 37,800 925 17,700 650 9,850 500 2,900 325 7,300 425 64,250 1,075 4,900 400 24,600 800 11,450 575 19,000 650 4,350 375
55–59 94,700 1,400 34,100 850 17,150 625 8,300 450 2,600 300 6,050 400 60,600 1,350 3,600 325 21,100 725 12,150 600 19,900 700 3,850 325
60–64 93,500 1,275 30,700 875 15,950 625 7,900 450 2,050 275 4,750 425 62,800 1,150 2,850 300 19,400 775 15,400 675 20,900 750 4,200 325
65–75 102,050 1,325 31,650 725 15,200 575 9,200 475 2,150 225 5,150 375 70,400 1,175 2,450 275 16,900 700 20,650 775 24,350 750 6,000 400
Years since doctorate
≤ 5 123,300 525 66,300 825 31,500 675 21,550 600 2,700 225 10,500 425 57,000 750 6,900 325 13,150 500 9,950 450 22,100 525 4,900 325
6–10 137,650 775 66,000 1,000 31,800 850 19,000 675 3,950 275 11,250 575 71,650 975 6,900 425 19,750 675 12,650 525 26,350 600 5,950 375
11–15 112,050 1,025 46,050 1,000 22,100 700 12,500 550 2,450 250 9,000 550 66,000 1,025 4,400 325 20,750 675 11,850 575 23,300 600 5,650 375
16–20 111,750 775 41,300 850 19,200 575 10,500 500 3,150 300 8,450 525 70,450 1,025 5,500 350 25,050 825 13,700 600 21,450 700 4,700 350
21–25 94,050 875 32,700 800 16,850 600 8,050 425 2,250 225 5,550 400 61,350 875 4,450 375 21,700 725 13,700 575 17,750 575 3,800 350
> 25 208,500 1,575 74,000 1,225 34,600 800 22,100 775 5,000 425 12,350 575 134,500 1,425 5,850 350 42,850 1,050 33,950 975 41,850 1,050 10,000 525
Citizenship
U.S. citizen 681,900 2,075 263,200 2,075 129,850 1,450 74,400 1,250 15,300 575 43,700 975 418,650 2,200 24,200 800 131,800 1,625 91,100 1,375 140,550 1,625 31,050 850
Native-born 529,250 1,900 191,650 1,925 98,600 1,350 56,300 1,000 9,100 475 27,650 750 337,650 1,975 14,650 550 102,750 1,325 77,700 1,300 118,950 1,475 23,550 725
Naturalized 152,600 1,675 71,550 1,300 31,250 975 18,100 700 6,200 450 16,050 675 81,050 1,375 9,550 550 29,000 850 13,400 675 21,650 675 7,500 525
Non-U.S. citizen 105,400 1,225 63,150 900 26,150 675 19,300 650 4,250 350 13,450 550 42,250 1,000 9,800 450 11,500 500 4,700 400 12,200 475 4,000 325
Permanent resident 76,700 1,225 43,950 875 18,300 575 12,850 550 3,150 325 9,650 475 32,750 925 6,950 425 9,400 450 3,800 350 9,550 450 3,000 300
Temporary resident 28,700 650 19,200 600 7,850 425 6,400 325 1,100 175 3,800 300 9,500 450 2,850 275 2,100 250 900 175 2,650 175 1,000 125
Sector of employment
4-year educational institutionf 323,200 2,250 135,300 1,500 56,900 1,075 73,650 1,250 1,100 175 3,650 300 187,900 1,850 2,650 225 37,050 925 12,700 550 126,450 1,600 9,100 475
Other educational institutiong 28,300 725 1,300 175 800 150 200 75 100 50 200 75 26,950 725 150 50 3,350 300 2,850 300 19,650 600 1,000 150
Private, for-profith 266,650 2,150 124,450 1,625 58,050 1,225 5,050 375 15,300 575 46,050 1,050 142,200 1,800 25,400 725 65,350 1,375 36,050 975 2,800 250 12,600 625
Private, nonprofit 52,200 1,050 23,750 725 14,000 550 6,750 400 700 150 2,300 225 28,450 800 1,500 175 12,850 550 9,600 550 1,000 175 3,500 325
Federal government 50,200 1,000 25,700 725 16,950 550 6,050 400 750 125 2,000 250 24,500 725 2,000 225 13,250 575 5,050 350 450 100 3,700 325
State or local government 16,200 625 5,150 350 3,600 300 750 125 350 100 400 100 11,100 500 650 150 5,200 350 3,350 300 550 125 1,350 175
Self-employedi 45,600 1,025 8,350 475 4,400 350 750 125 1,100 225 2,100 225 37,300 925 1,450 225 5,150 375 25,650 800 1,850 250 3,200 325
Other sectorj 4,900 350 2,350 250 1,350 200 450 125 150 75 400 125 2,550 250 200 75 1,100 175 600 150 D D 600 150
Employer location
New England 68,700 1,350 30,600 950 14,450 550 9,650 500 1,200 225 5,300 375 38,100 1,025 3,050 300 11,400 500 8,450 525 12,750 650 2,400 225
Middle Atlantic 115,650 1,650 45,750 1,050 21,300 750 15,050 600 2,100 225 7,300 425 69,950 1,400 4,850 375 20,500 750 15,650 725 23,800 675 5,150 400
East North Central 96,850 1,450 39,050 1,000 17,800 625 12,500 600 2,000 250 6,750 450 57,800 1,100 3,100 325 16,600 625 10,550 500 23,750 700 3,750 350
West North Central 45,550 1,050 18,050 675 8,900 475 5,500 375 700 150 2,950 325 27,500 800 1,250 175 7,050 425 5,450 425 11,850 550 1,850 225
South Atlantic 150,900 1,725 61,650 1,175 34,300 900 15,800 575 3,000 275 8,550 475 89,250 1,425 4,800 400 30,700 900 18,350 675 27,100 775 8,250 425
East South Central 27,050 725 10,650 500 5,200 300 3,500 325 450 125 1,550 250 16,400 650 600 150 4,200 350 2,900 300 7,700 400 1,000 150
West South Central 64,400 1,150 26,500 750 11,500 525 7,900 500 2,300 250 4,850 400 37,850 1,025 2,600 250 11,900 525 8,000 475 12,700 550 2,700 275
Mountain 50,200 1,150 20,900 725 10,050 450 6,100 400 1,700 250 3,050 275 29,300 875 1,850 200 9,450 450 6,550 475 9,000 475 2,450 250
Pacific 160,950 2,000 70,250 1,400 31,000 900 16,900 675 5,900 400 16,500 700 90,700 1,550 11,750 600 30,300 950 19,250 700 22,250 700 7,200 475
U.S. territories and other areas 7,050 425 2,900 300 1,450 225 800 150 200 125 450 125 4,150 325 200 100 1,150 150 650 125 1,850 175 250 125