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Table 30. U.S. residing doctoral scientists and engineers, by broad occupation, employment status, and sex: 2015

Occupation and employment status Total Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE
All occupations 919,750 1,600 609,700 1,400 310,000 800
Full time 700,700 1,875 473,000 1,750 227,700 1,250
Part time 86,550 1,375 46,400 1,075 40,150 875
Unemployeda 14,300 600 8,700 500 5,600 350
Retired 101,200 1,375 76,450 1,250 24,750 650
Not employed or not seeking workb 17,000 600 5,150 400 11,800 475
Science occupations 521,400 2,275 335,250 2,050 186,150 1,175
Full time 395,350 2,050 258,450 1,950 136,900 1,300
Part time 51,550 1,050 26,300 850 25,250 700
Unemployeda 8,500 450 5,100 400 3,450 250
Retired 55,700 1,025 42,550 950 13,150 475
Not employed or not seeking workb 10,300 475 2,850 300 7,450 375
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 163,450 1,450 100,450 1,375 63,000 950
Full time 129,350 1,325 79,250 1,325 50,100 850
Part time 10,000 400 5,300 350 4,650 275
Unemployeda 3,700 275 2,000 225 1,700 175
Retired 16,300 625 12,850 550 3,450 250
Not employed or not seeking workb 4,100 275 1,000 150 3,100 250
Computer/information scientists 56,000 975 46,450 950 9,550 375
Full time 45,950 875 38,450 825 7,450 375
Part time 2,950 275 2,400 250 550 100
Unemployeda 950 175 750 150 200 75
Retired 5,200 350 4,500 350 750 125
Not employed or not seeking workb 950 175 350 100 550 150
Mathematical scientists 40,050 675 29,200 675 10,850 350
Full time 31,100 625 22,600 600 8,500 300
Part time 3,300 300 2,300 250 1,000 150
Unemployeda 600 150 450 125 150 75
Retired 4,300 300 3,600 275 750 150
Not employed or not seeking workb 750 125 250 100 450 125
Physical scientists 99,350 1,200 77,100 1,075 22,250 550
Full time 75,900 1,125 58,350 950 17,550 500
Part time 8,300 475 6,400 450 1,900 175
Unemployeda 1,650 225 1,100 200 550 125
Retired 11,800 525 10,550 500 1,250 150
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,750 200 750 175 1,050 125
Psychologists 86,050 950 37,100 975 48,900 825
Full time 54,950 875 25,700 750 29,250 625
Part time 20,000 725 6,150 475 13,850 600
Unemployeda 650 125 300 100 350 100
Retired 8,900 475 4,750 375 4,150 300
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,550 200 250 100 1,300 200
Social scientists 76,500 1,025 44,950 850 31,550 650
Full time 58,100 925 34,050 775 24,050 525
Part time 7,000 450 3,750 350 3,250 250
Unemployeda 950 150 500 125 450 100
Retired 9,150 400 6,350 400 2,800 225
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,250 175 250 75 1,000 150
Engineering occupations 119,800 1,350 103,150 1,275 16,650 525
Full time 101,450 1,275 87,050 1,175 14,350 500
Part time 6,050 400 5,100 350 900 150
Unemployeda 1,500 225 1,150 200 400 100
Retired 9,550 475 9,150 475 400 75
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,250 200 650 175 550 100
S&E-related occupations 108,650 1,600 64,450 1,325 44,150 850
Full time 84,500 1,500 50,900 1,275 33,600 775
Part time 8,300 475 3,700 350 4,600 300
Unemployeda 1,650 225 900 175 750 175
Retired 12,550 550 8,450 475 4,100 300
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,700 200 500 125 1,200 175
Non-S&E occupations 169,900 1,775 106,900 1,625 63,050 950
Full time 119,450 1,625 76,600 1,475 42,850 800
Part time 20,700 650 11,300 575 9,400 400
Unemployeda 2,600 300 1,550 225 1,050 150
Retired 23,350 800 16,300 675 7,100 425
Not employed or not seeking workb 3,750 300 1,150 200 2,650 250
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a Unemployed includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week but had been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks or who were on layoff from their job.
b Not employed or not seeking work includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week and had not been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks because of family responsibilities, chronic illness, or other reasons.
NOTES:  Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. If respondent was not employed during survey reference period, occupation when last employed was reported. Excludes 300 individuals who reported never having worked so could not be classified by occupation. Designation of full-time and part-time employment status is based on principal job only, not on all jobs held in labor force. For example, an individual could work part-time in his or her principal job but full-time in labor force. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.