Table 32-1. Unemployment rate among U.S. residing doctoral scientists and engineers, by occupation: 2015

Occupation	Unemployment rate
Occupation	Percent	SE
All occupations	1.8	0.10
Science occupations	1.9	0.10
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists	2.6	0.20
Agricultural/food scientists	3.1	0.80
Biochemists/biophysicists	4.4	0.80
Biological scientists	3.1	0.55
Forestry/conservation scientists	S	S
Medical scientists	2.8	0.45
Postsecondary teachers, agricultural/other natural sciences	0.7	0.35
Postsecondary teachers, biological sciences	1.2	0.30
Other biological/agricultural/life scientists	3.4	0.60
Computer/information scientists	1.9	0.35
Computer/information scientists	2.2	0.40
Postsecondary teachers, computer science	0.7	0.30
Mathematical scientists	1.7	0.40
Mathematical scientists	2.4	0.75
Postsecondary teachers, mathematics/statistics	1.1	0.35
Physical scientists	1.9	0.25
Chemists, except biochemists	3.4	0.70
Earth/atmospheric/ocean scientists	1.8	0.45
Physicists/astronomers	2.2	0.55
Postsecondary teachers, chemistry	S	S
Postsecondary teachers, physics	0.9	0.40
Postsecondary teachers, other physical sciences	0.6	0.25
Other physical scientists	2.4	0.95
Psychologists	0.9	0.20
Psychologists	0.7	0.20
Postsecondary teachers, psychology	1.3	0.40
Social scientists	1.4	0.25
Economists	0.7	0.40
Political scientists	S	S
Postsecondary teachers, economics	D	D
Postsecondary teachers, political science	0.8	0.35
Postsecondary teachers, sociology	S	S
Postsecondary teachers, other social sciences	1.4	0.45
Sociologists/anthropologists	4.8	1.35
Other social scientists	1.8	0.65
Engineering occupations	1.4	0.20
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineers	S	S
Chemical engineers	1.6	0.70
Civil/architectural/sanitary engineers	2.5	1.20
Electrical engineers	1.3	0.35
Industrial engineers
Mechanical engineers	1.8	0.70
Postsecondary teachers, engineering	0.3	0.15
Other engineers	1.9	0.50
S&E-related occupations	1.7	0.25
Health occupations, except postsecondary teachers and managers	1.1	0.30
Postsecondary teachers, health and related sciences	1.2	0.55
S&E managers, including health	1.2	0.35
S&E precollege teachers	S	S
S&E technicians and technologists	15.2	3.15
Other S&E-related occupations	D	D
Non-S&E occupations	1.8	0.20
Arts/humanities-related occupations	2.7	0.75
Management-related occupations	1.5	0.40
Non-S&E managers	1.4	0.30
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers	1.2	0.30
Non-S&E precollege/other teachers	3.9	1.10
Sales/marketing occupations	2.3	0.70
Social service–related occupations	2.6	1.05
Other non-S&E occupations	3.0	0.70

NOTES: Labor force is defined as those employed (E) plus those unemployed and seeking work (U). Population (P) is defined as all science, engineering, or health doctorate holders under age 76, who were residing in the United States during the week of 1 February 2015, and who earned doctorates from U.S. institutions. Unemployment rate (RU) = U/(E+U). If respondent was not employed during survey reference period, occupation when last employed was reported. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.