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Table 33. U.S. residing doctoral scientists and engineers, by occupation and sex: 2015

Occupation Total Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE
All occupations 919,750 1,600 609,700 1,400 310,000 800
Science occupations 521,400 2,275 335,250 2,050 186,150 1,175
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 163,450 1,450 100,450 1,375 63,000 950
Agricultural/food scientists 11,750 475 8,650 450 3,050 200
Biochemists/biophysicists 16,050 675 10,700 575 5,350 350
Biological scientists 25,050 725 14,650 600 10,350 425
Forestry/conservation scientists 2,650 250 1,950 225 650 100
Medical scientists 35,950 850 20,400 750 15,550 550
Postsecondary teachers, agricultural/other natural sciences 7,800 400 5,700 325 2,150 175
Postsecondary teachers, biological sciences 39,950 850 25,200 750 14,750 500
Other biological/agricultural/life scientists 24,300 650 13,150 575 11,150 400
Computer/information scientists 56,000 975 46,450 950 9,550 375
Computer/information scientists 46,300 925 38,550 850 7,800 375
Postsecondary teachers, computer science 9,700 425 7,900 400 1,800 175
Mathematical scientists 40,050 675 29,200 675 10,850 350
Mathematical scientists 18,150 600 12,850 550 5,300 325
Postsecondary teachers, mathematics/statistics 21,900 625 16,350 550 5,550 275
Physical scientists 99,350 1,200 77,100 1,075 22,250 550
Chemists, except biochemists 24,650 650 18,950 600 5,700 350
Earth/atmospheric/ocean scientists 12,050 375 9,650 350 2,400 125
Physicists/astronomers 15,000 550 13,100 525 1,950 225
Postsecondary teachers, chemistry 18,200 600 12,150 550 6,050 325
Postsecondary teachers, physics 12,350 550 10,500 525 1,850 175
Postsecondary teachers, other physical sciences 8,700 325 6,400 325 2,350 150
Other physical scientists 8,400 425 6,450 375 1,950 225
Psychologists 86,050 950 37,100 975 48,900 825
Psychologists 64,000 875 26,450 850 37,550 825
Postsecondary teachers, psychology 22,050 675 10,700 525 11,350 450
Social scientists 76,500 1,025 44,950 850 31,550 650
Economists 9,450 500 6,800 450 2,700 225
Political scientists 2,050 225 1,150 200 900 150
Postsecondary teachers, economics 11,850 450 8,950 425 2,900 200
Postsecondary teachers, political science 11,550 450 8,400 425 3,150 275
Postsecondary teachers, sociology 9,550 375 4,700 325 4,800 275
Postsecondary teachers, other social sciences 18,400 550 9,300 400 9,100 375
Sociologists/anthropologists 4,150 250 1,800 200 2,350 175
Other social scientists 9,500 425 3,800 325 5,650 325
Engineering occupations 119,800 1,350 103,150 1,275 16,650 525
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineers 6,850 425 6,200 400 650 100
Chemical engineers 7,950 450 6,450 400 1,500 175
Civil/architectural/sanitary engineers 6,400 375 5,750 375 650 125
Electrical engineers 23,550 700 21,300 725 2,250 200
Industrial engineers 1,200 175 950 175 250 75
Mechanical engineers 11,600 500 10,500 475 1,100 175
Postsecondary teachers, engineering 27,750 925 23,500 925 4,250 250
Other engineers 34,450 750 28,450 725 6,050 325
S&E-related occupations 108,650 1,600 64,450 1,325 44,150 850
Health occupations, except postsecondary teachers and managers 39,500 1,075 21,700 850 17,800 575
Postsecondary teachers, health and related sciences 26,300 725 11,000 525 15,300 500
S&E managers, including health 30,600 1,000 23,100 875 7,500 375
S&E precollege teachers 5,550 350 3,250 275 2,300 225
S&E technicians and technologists 5,700 400 4,650 375 1,050 150
Other S&E-related occupations 1,000 150 750 125 250 75
Non-S&E occupations 169,900 1,775 106,900 1,625 63,050 950
Arts/humanities-related occupations 9,850 475 4,450 375 5,400 300
Management-related occupations 32,550 900 21,200 725 11,400 525
Non-S&E managers 65,050 1,275 46,350 1,125 18,650 600
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers 21,800 650 12,000 475 9,850 400
Non-S&E precollege/other teachers 6,000 375 2,500 250 3,450 300
Sales/marketing occupations 10,300 500 6,650 425 3,650 275
Social service–related occupations 7,700 450 3,200 300 4,500 325
Other non-S&E occupations 16,650 550 10,500 500 6,150 325
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. If respondent was not employed during survey reference period, occupation when last employed was reported. Excludes 300 individuals who reported never having worked so could not be classified by occupation. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.