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Table 43. U.S. residing employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by sector of employment, broad occupation, and sex: 2015

Employment sector and occupation All employed Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE
All sectors 787,250 1,900 519,400 1,700 267,850 1,050
Science occupations 446,850 2,100 284,750 1,925 162,150 1,200
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 139,300 1,325 84,550 1,300 54,750 900
Computer/information scientists 48,900 875 40,850 825 8,050 375
Mathematical scientists 34,450 650 24,900 600 9,500 325
Physical scientists 84,150 1,175 64,750 1,025 19,450 525
Psychologists 74,950 950 31,850 900 43,100 775
Social scientists 65,150 950 37,800 775 27,350 550
Engineering occupations 107,450 1,300 92,150 1,200 15,300 500
S&E-related occupations 92,750 1,550 54,600 1,300 38,150 825
Non-S&E occupations 140,150 1,700 87,900 1,525 52,250 850
4-year educational institutiona 323,200 2,250 204,550 2,025 118,650 1,125
Science occupations 215,750 1,850 137,450 1,725 78,250 1,025
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 72,900 1,075 44,200 1,025 28,700 700
Computer/information scientists 11,500 475 9,500 450 2,000 175
Mathematical scientists 19,800 575 14,500 525 5,350 275
Physical scientists 40,350 850 30,700 750 9,650 325
Psychologists 24,500 725 10,800 525 13,700 475
Social scientists 46,650 800 27,750 700 18,900 475
Engineering occupations 32,750 925 27,700 900 5,100 300
S&E-related occupations 34,650 875 16,600 675 18,050 625
Non-S&E occupations 40,050 850 22,750 650 17,300 475
Other educational institutionb 28,300 725 14,200 600 14,100 450
Science occupations 16,400 525 8,750 475 7,650 325
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 3,900 300 1,850 250 2,100 200
Computer/information scientists 300 75 200 75 100 50
Mathematical scientists 1,450 200 1,050 200 450 100
Physical scientists 4,050 275 2,550 275 1,500 175
Psychologists 3,900 325 1,450 250 2,450 200
Social scientists 2,750 275 1,650 225 1,100 150
Engineering occupations 200 50 150 50 50 50
S&E-related occupations 5,450 350 2,850 275 2,600 250
Non-S&E occupations 6,250 400 2,450 275 3,750 250
Private, for-profitc 266,650 2,150 199,650 2,125 67,000 925
Science occupations 115,150 1,625 81,000 1,475 34,150 775
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 33,650 1,000 21,250 875 12,400 525
Computer/information scientists 30,950 825 26,050 750 4,900 325
Mathematical scientists 8,400 400 6,150 350 2,250 225
Physical scientists 23,750 775 18,900 750 4,850 325
Psychologists 14,150 675 6,400 500 7,750 500
Social scientists 4,250 350 2,250 275 2,000 200
Engineering occupations 60,200 1,025 52,450 1,025 7,750 375
S&E-related occupations 30,000 950 21,850 900 8,150 425
Non-S&E occupations 61,250 1,150 44,300 1,050 16,950 525
Private, nonprofit 52,200 1,050 30,350 900 21,850 625
Science occupations 27,650 750 15,750 625 11,900 475
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 10,350 525 5,900 425 4,450 300
Computer/information scientists 2,050 225 1,500 225 550 125
Mathematical scientists 1,700 225 1,350 225 400 75
Physical scientists 3,850 325 2,950 300 850 125
Psychologists 5,750 400 2,400 275 3,350 300
Social scientists 3,950 275 1,700 250 2,250 200
Engineering occupations 3,250 275 2,650 275 550 125
S&E-related occupations 9,950 500 5,800 450 4,150 275
Non-S&E occupations 11,350 525 6,150 425 5,200 300
Federal government 50,200 1,000 32,900 875 17,300 600
Science occupations 32,650 875 21,000 725 11,650 500
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 12,200 475 7,500 375 4,750 300
Computer/information scientists 1,800 200 1,600 200 200 50
Mathematical scientists 1,950 225 1,200 175 750 150
Physical scientists 8,750 450 6,800 400 1,950 225
Psychologists 4,150 300 1,950 250 2,200 225
Social scientists 3,750 275 1,950 225 1,800 175
Engineering occupations 6,350 425 5,150 400 1,250 150
S&E-related occupations 6,500 375 4,150 325 2,350 225
Non-S&E occupations 4,700 300 2,600 275 2,100 200
State or local government 16,200 625 9,500 550 6,700 350
Science occupations 9,050 425 5,250 375 3,800 225
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 2,700 200 1,450 150 1,300 150
Computer/information scientists 600 150 500 150 100 50
Mathematical scientists 300 100 200 100 100 50
Physical scientists 1,600 200 1,150 175 450 100
Psychologists 2,700 275 1,300 225 1,400 175
Social scientists 1,150 175 700 150 450 75
Engineering occupations 1,500 225 1,200 225 300 75
S&E-related occupations 2,400 250 1,300 200 1,100 150
Non-S&E occupations 3,250 275 1,700 225 1,550 175
Self-employedd 45,600 1,025 25,000 825 20,600 625
Science occupations 27,350 850 13,550 650 13,800 600
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 2,950 325 2,050 275 900 150
Computer/information scientists 1,500 225 1,350 225 150 50
Mathematical scientists 600 125 450 100 150 75
Physical scientists 1,450 175 1,350 175 100 50
Psychologists 19,400 750 7,400 550 12,000 575
Social scientists 1,450 200 950 200 500 100
Engineering occupations 2,400 300 2,250 300 150 50
S&E-related occupations 3,450 325 1,800 250 1,650 200
Non-S&E occupations 12,400 550 7,400 450 5,000 350
Other sectore 4,900 350 3,250 325 1,650 225
Science occupations 2,850 250 1,900 225 950 150
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 600 150 450 125 150 50
Computer/information scientists 150 75 150 75 D D
Mathematical scientists 150 75 D D 100 50
Physical scientists 350 75 300 75 50 50
Psychologists 400 125 200 75 200 75
Social scientists 1,200 150 850 150 400 100
Engineering occupations 750 175 600 150 150 75
S&E-related occupations 350 100 200 100 150 50
Non-S&E occupations 950 150 550 100 400 125
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes.
b Includes 2-year colleges, community colleges, or technical institutes, and other precollege institutions.
c Includes those self-employed in an incorporated business.
d Self-employed or business owner in a nonincorporated business.
e Includes employers not broken out separately.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.