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Table 50. Median annual salaries of U.S. residing full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate, ethnicity, race, and sex: 2015

(Dollars)

Field All full-time employed Hispanic or Latinoa Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American White Other racec
Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female
Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE
All fields 106,000 1,000 116,000 1,500 90,000 1,000 95,000 1,500 103,000 2,500 82,000 2,500 90,000 6,500 89,000 6,500 96,000 9,000 112,000 2,500 120,000 500 98,000 2,500 94,000 2,000 100,000 500 88,000 2,000 106,000 1,500 116,000 1,500 90,000 500 99,000 3,500 104,000 3,000 89,000 3,500
Science 100,000 500 110,000 500 89,000 1,500 90,000 1,000 100,000 500 79,000 1,500 80,000 4,000 80,000 5,500 78,000 5,500 103,000 2,000 110,000 3,000 94,000 2,000 90,000 1,000 95,000 2,500 84,000 2,000 101,000 2,000 110,000 1,000 89,000 1,000 90,000 2,000 97,000 5,000 84,000 2,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 100,000 1,500 106,000 2,000 86,000 1,500 85,000 2,000 96,000 5,000 75,000 2,500 80,000 4,000 78,000 6,000 83,000 12,500 95,000 2,000 100,000 2,000 89,000 1,500 90,000 3,000 99,000 4,500 79,000 5,000 100,000 500 110,000 500 86,000 2,000 87,000 9,000 96,000 13,500 80,000 7,500
Agricultural/food sciences 100,000 500 104,000 3,500 89,000 3,000 100,000 3,000 108,000 8,000 90,000 9,500 S S D D D D 86,000 5,000 93,000 8,000 80,000 7,000 94,000 5,000 93,000 7,000 98,000 9,000 104,000 2,500 109,000 2,000 89,000 2,000 121,000 15,500 123,000 3,500 D D
Biochemistry/biophysics 107,000 3,000 114,000 4,000 94,000 4,000 103,000 7,500 114,000 15,000 78,000 11,000 D D D D D D 99,000 2,000 104,000 6,500 89,000 11,500 91,000 5,500 113,000 16,500 66,000 7,500 110,000 5,000 117,000 4,000 100,000 6,500 100,000 20,500 100,000 23,000 100,000 32,000
Cell/molecular biology 98,000 3,000 104,000 3,000 89,000 3,500 69,000 11,000 76,000 21,500 67,000 7,000 D D D D D D 100,000 4,000 105,000 8,500 96,000 3,500 95,000 9,500 96,000 8,000 89,000 21,000 98,000 6,000 105,000 5,000 85,000 4,500 79,000 11,000 76,000 8,000 107,000 22,500
Environmental life sciences 90,000 2,500 99,000 3,000 75,000 2,500 69,000 6,500 69,000 8,000 65,000 11,500 74,000 27,500 * * * * 84,000 6,500 91,000 7,000 66,000 7,500 76,000 5,500 83,000 8,500 76,000 1,000 92,000 3,500 104,000 5,000 75,000 1,500 80,000 9,000 76,000 12,000 83,000 10,000
Microbiology 100,000 2,000 110,000 5,000 84,000 3,000 90,000 5,500 113,000 15,500 65,000 12,000 D D D D D D 84,000 4,000 83,000 19,500 84,000 4,000 94,000 14,500 113,000 17,000 86,000 13,500 104,000 5,000 115,000 10,000 85,000 4,000 90,000 22,000 107,000 19,000 65,000 9,000
Zoology 90,000 2,000 96,000 3,500 72,000 3,000 85,000 10,500 98,000 15,000 73,000 7,000 D D D D D D 90,000 10,000 90,000 10,500 67,000 16,000 85,000 5,000 90,000 5,500 D D 90,000 2,500 96,000 3,500 72,000 3,000 D D D D S S
Other biological sciences 97,000 2,000 105,000 2,500 85,000 1,500 80,000 3,500 84,000 4,500 75,000 2,500 78,000 10,500 76,000 23,000 D D 95,000 3,000 99,000 4,000 90,000 3,500 89,000 4,500 105,000 8,500 76,000 5,500 100,000 500 110,000 2,000 86,000 2,000 75,000 8,000 88,000 18,500 69,000 8,500
Computer/information sciences 130,000 1,500 134,000 4,000 113,000 6,000 115,000 10,500 115,000 16,500 114,000 16,000 D D D D D D 139,000 3,500 144,000 3,000 116,000 9,000 109,000 9,000 123,000 15,000 103,000 4,000 125,000 4,000 129,000 3,500 113,000 6,000 143,000 18,000 151,000 13,000 D D
Mathematics/statistics 100,000 3,500 105,000 3,500 92,000 4,500 94,000 6,500 97,000 5,500 79,000 11,000 D D D D D D 112,000 4,500 116,000 3,500 99,000 3,000 85,000 4,000 85,000 5,000 83,000 7,000 100,000 500 100,000 3,500 90,000 4,000 95,000 8,000 94,000 9,000 98,000 21,500
Physical sciences 110,000 500 118,000 3,000 95,000 2,000 99,000 2,000 105,000 4,000 84,000 4,500 142,000 33,000 144,000 29,000 D D 109,000 1,000 116,000 6,000 100,000 3,500 90,000 2,000 88,000 4,000 90,000 5,500 113,000 2,500 119,000 500 93,000 2,500 90,000 5,000 89,000 6,000 89,000 7,000
Astronomy/astrophysics 100,000 3,500 103,000 6,500 84,000 5,000 76,000 15,000 86,000 15,500 D D D D D D D D 79,000 8,000 80,000 15,000 48,000 6,000 D D D D D D 103,000 5,500 107,000 7,000 87,000 8,000 92,000 15,000 D D * *
Chemistry, except biochemistry 110,000 500 118,000 3,000 97,000 4,000 101,000 7,000 108,000 5,000 86,000 5,500 145,000 6,500 D D D D 108,000 3,500 109,000 6,500 100,000 5,000 89,000 2,500 86,000 4,000 90,000 5,000 115,000 2,500 119,000 1,000 95,000 3,500 89,000 5,500 81,000 9,000 95,000 8,500
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciencesd 102,000 2,500 108,000 2,000 86,000 3,000 89,000 6,000 91,000 5,000 74,000 7,000 * * * * D D 100,000 1,500 103,000 8,500 81,000 3,000 75,000 11,000 72,000 11,000 83,000 14,500 105,000 2,000 109,000 2,000 89,000 2,000 89,000 13,500 105,000 15,000 73,000 5,000
Physics 120,000 1,500 120,000 1,000 100,000 3,000 104,000 6,000 108,000 4,500 91,000 34,000 D D D D D D 120,000 3,500 120,000 6,000 105,000 5,000 99,000 9,500 100,000 10,000 92,000 35,500 119,000 500 120,000 4,000 97,000 3,500 88,000 15,000 88,000 16,000 81,000 34,500
Psychology 93,000 1,500 104,000 3,000 87,000 1,500 82,000 3,500 89,000 6,000 79,000 2,500 69,000 9,000 S S 75,000 18,000 82,000 3,000 82,000 7,500 82,000 3,500 86,000 2,500 98,000 8,000 83,000 2,500 96,000 2,000 108,000 3,500 89,000 1,500 89,000 7,500 101,000 8,500 83,000 4,000
Social sciences 97,000 1,500 103,000 2,500 86,000 1,500 90,000 2,500 100,000 6,500 82,000 4,500 76,000 6,500 85,000 10,000 73,000 7,500 100,000 2,500 114,000 7,000 90,000 3,000 89,000 2,500 95,000 4,500 80,000 2,500 98,000 1,500 104,000 2,500 86,000 2,000 86,000 3,000 90,000 6,500 84,000 2,500
Economics 129,000 4,000 139,000 6,000 118,000 5,000 132,000 7,500 146,000 18,000 116,000 13,000 D D D D D D 120,000 6,500 131,000 12,000 117,000 14,000 95,000 4,500 91,000 5,500 106,000 15,500 134,000 5,000 142,000 5,500 119,000 6,000 121,000 23,000 131,000 20,500 D D
Political sciences 94,000 3,500 97,000 4,000 89,000 2,000 89,000 4,500 91,000 10,000 85,000 11,500 D D D D D D 90,000 13,500 105,000 21,000 86,000 5,500 92,000 9,500 99,000 4,000 80,000 6,500 95,000 3,500 96,000 4,500 90,000 5,500 90,000 21,500 74,000 24,000 D D
Sociology 87,000 2,500 90,000 4,000 85,000 2,500 82,000 7,000 78,000 9,000 86,000 5,500 D D D D D D 81,000 13,000 96,000 25,500 76,000 6,500 84,000 6,000 88,000 9,500 81,000 8,500 88,000 2,500 92,000 5,500 84,000 1,500 73,000 4,500 D D 74,000 11,000
Other social sciences 83,000 1,500 90,000 2,500 77,000 2,500 75,000 2,500 76,000 2,000 69,000 3,500 75,000 6,500 D D 75,000 10,000 77,000 4,000 80,000 8,500 74,000 3,500 84,000 3,500 98,000 9,500 75,000 2,500 85,000 1,500 92,000 3,500 78,000 2,000 83,000 6,000 90,000 7,500 73,000 9,000
Engineering 125,000 2,000 128,000 2,000 109,000 500 113,000 4,500 114,000 4,000 100,000 6,500 109,000 22,500 115,000 20,000 D D 122,000 3,500 127,000 3,500 109,000 1,000 110,000 5,500 109,000 5,500 114,000 8,500 125,000 2,500 129,000 1,000 109,000 2,000 129,000 8,000 141,000 8,500 122,000 6,000
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineering 132,000 4,500 132,000 5,000 123,000 13,500 145,000 13,000 145,000 13,000 D D D D D D D D 125,000 13,000 129,000 10,500 88,000 11,000 D D D D D D 135,000 6,000 133,000 6,000 146,000 7,500 D D D D D D
Chemical engineering 125,000 4,000 129,000 4,000 111,000 4,000 108,000 9,500 105,000 14,500 108,000 11,000 D D D D D D 119,000 3,000 126,000 8,000 105,000 7,500 138,000 7,000 147,000 9,500 114,000 23,000 128,000 5,500 134,000 8,000 113,000 6,000 139,000 7,000 D D D D
Civil engineering 110,000 3,000 116,000 4,000 93,000 5,000 102,000 14,500 114,000 12,000 81,000 8,000 D D D D D D 106,000 4,000 110,000 7,000 89,000 5,000 108,000 10,000 108,000 12,500 D D 114,000 6,000 120,000 5,500 100,000 5,000 112,000 10,000 S S D D
Electrical/computer engineering 135,000 3,000 140,000 2,500 120,000 1,000 120,000 5,500 118,000 5,000 118,000 13,500 D D D D D D 135,000 2,500 139,000 3,000 119,000 2,000 120,000 6,000 120,000 3,500 132,000 33,000 139,000 2,500 140,000 3,000 120,000 4,000 155,000 8,500 158,000 9,000 D D
Materials and metallurgical engineering 122,000 5,000 125,000 3,000 111,000 3,500 114,000 4,500 113,000 6,000 110,000 17,500 D D D D D D 119,000 3,000 125,000 6,500 111,000 2,000 105,000 7,500 108,000 11,500 101,000 8,000 127,000 2,500 129,000 3,000 114,000 11,000 119,000 8,500 S S D D
Mechanical engineering 117,000 4,000 118,000 3,500 110,000 5,000 101,000 8,500 100,000 8,500 D D D D D D D D 116,000 4,000 118,000 4,500 106,000 4,000 98,000 9,000 95,000 6,000 S S 120,000 2,500 119,000 2,500 114,000 7,000 D D D D D D
Other engineering 120,000 2,000 120,000 2,500 100,000 1,000 110,000 9,500 116,000 15,500 96,000 8,500 * * * * D D 118,000 4,500 120,000 3,000 100,000 3,000 100,000 4,500 100,000 6,000 97,000 4,500 120,000 500 124,000 3,000 100,000 3,000 104,000 6,500 104,000 6,500 97,000 16,500
Health 100,000 2,000 116,000 6,000 95,000 2,500 93,000 8,000 111,000 26,500 88,000 6,500 D D D D D D 103,000 5,000 110,000 11,500 95,000 4,500 96,000 3,000 99,000 9,000 95,000 4,000 100,000 2,000 119,000 5,000 95,000 2,500 105,000 10,500 104,000 13,500 112,000 15,000
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race
b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race.
c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
d Includes other physical sciences.
NOTES: Median annual salaries are for principal job and are rounded to nearest $1,000. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest $500. Designation of full-time and part-time employment status is based on principal job only, not on all jobs held in labor force. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.