Table 51. Median annual salaries of U.S. residing full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and citizenship status: 2015
(Dollars)
Field
All full-time employed
U.S. citizen
Non-U.S. citizen
Total
Native born
Naturalized
Total
Permanent resident
Temporary resident
Median salary
SE
Median salary
SE
Median salary
SE
Median salary
SE
Median salary
SE
Median salary
SE
Median salary
SE
All fields
106,000
1,000
110,000
1,500
104,000
1,500
125,000
2,000
97,000
1,500
100,000
500
83,000
2,500
Science
100,000
500
102,000
1,500
100,000
500
116,000
2,500
90,000
2,500
94,000
2,000
71,000
1,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences
100,000
1,500
101,000
2,000
100,000
500
110,000
4,000
70,000
1,000
80,000
1,500
51,000
1,500
Agricultural/food sciences
100,000
500
102,000
3,000
104,000
2,500
100,000
1,500
80,000
4,500
87,000
5,500
69,000
10,000
Biochemistry/biophysics
107,000
3,000
113,000
4,500
111,000
4,000
112,000
7,000
66,000
7,500
80,000
8,500
49,000
2,000
Cell/molecular biology
98,000
3,000
104,000
2,000
100,000
5,000
119,000
11,000
60,000
5,000
64,000
10,000
47,000
4,000
Environmental life sciences
90,000
2,500
92,000
2,500
92,000
3,500
90,000
5,500
68,000
6,000
79,000
8,000
57,000
6,000
Microbiology
100,000
2,000
103,000
4,500
100,000
3,500
115,000
6,000
62,000
7,500
75,000
11,000
49,000
6,000
Zoology
90,000
2,000
90,000
2,500
90,000
2,000
106,000
11,500
76,000
7,500
80,000
4,500
D
D
Other biological sciences
97,000
2,000
100,000
500
100,000
1,500
115,000
6,000
70,000
1,500
79,000
1,500
51,000
2,000
Computer/information sciences
130,000
1,500
132,000
3,500
124,000
4,500
150,000
3,000
124,000
3,500
128,000
5,000
110,000
8,000
Mathematics/statistics
100,000
3,500
103,000
3,000
99,000
1,500
118,000
3,500
97,000
4,500
99,000
4,000
85,000
4,500
Physical sciences
110,000
500
115,000
1,500
110,000
2,000
125,000
3,000
90,000
2,500
96,000
2,000
66,000
4,000
Astronomy/astrophysics
100,000
3,500
100,000
4,500
100,000
3,000
122,000
11,500
89,000
23,500
120,000
45,500
54,000
7,000
Chemistry, except biochemistry
110,000
500
116,000
2,000
115,000
3,500
122,000
3,500
89,000
2,500
93,000
3,000
68,000
7,000
Earth/atmospheric/ocean sciencesa
102,000
2,500
104,000
1,500
104,000
2,000
108,000
5,500
82,000
3,000
85,000
5,000
71,000
5,000
Physics
120,000
1,500
121,000
4,000
120,000
1,000
134,000
5,000
97,000
3,500
104,000
5,500
64,000
4,500
Psychology
93,000
1,500
93,000
1,500
94,000
2,000
90,000
1,500
83,000
5,000
90,000
7,000
64,000
3,000
Social sciences
97,000
1,500
98,000
1,500
96,000
1,500
104,000
3,500
91,000
5,000
87,000
2,500
100,000
15,000
Economics
129,000
4,000
132,000
4,500
135,000
5,000
120,000
6,000
123,000
4,500
120,000
3,500
138,000
11,500
Political sciences
94,000
3,500
96,000
3,500
96,000
3,500
96,000
7,000
67,000
2,500
67,000
2,500
61,000
3,500
Sociology
87,000
2,500
88,000
2,500
89,000
2,500
87,000
10,500
65,000
4,000
68,000
5,000
D
D
Other social sciences
83,000
1,500
85,000
1,500
84,000
1,500
89,000
3,500
72,000
3,000
74,000
3,500
65,000
5,500
Engineering
125,000
2,000
130,000
1,000
125,000
1,000
140,000
2,000
107,000
2,000
115,000
3,500
94,000
2,000
Aerospace/aeronautical/astronautical engineering
132,000
4,500
139,000
4,000
137,000
5,500
139,000
5,500
103,000
8,500
110,000
7,000
90,000
4,500
Chemical engineering
125,000
4,000
135,000
4,500
124,000
4,500
149,000
1,500
108,000
4,500
118,000
2,500
93,000
5,000
Civil engineering
110,000
3,000
119,000
2,500
112,000
6,000
124,000
6,000
90,000
4,000
100,000
3,500
80,000
1,500
Electrical/computer engineering
135,000
3,000
144,000
2,000
139,000
2,000
150,000
2,500
120,000
500
128,000
5,000
107,000
2,000
Materials and metallurgical engineering
122,000
5,000
129,000
1,500
125,000
3,000
134,000
3,500
100,000
5,000
110,000
6,000
92,000
7,500
Mechanical engineering
117,000
4,000
120,000
4,500
120,000
2,500
123,000
5,000
102,000
3,500
105,000
3,500
91,000
3,500
Other engineering
120,000
2,000
122,000
3,000
120,000
1,500
134,000
5,000
99,000
2,000
103,000
4,500
85,000
5,000
Health
100,000
2,000
101,000
2,500
100,000
1,000
111,000
8,500
93,000
4,000
99,000
5,500
85,000
5,500
