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Table 55. Median annual salaries of U.S. residing full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by sector of employment, broad field of doctorate, and sex: 2015

(Dollars)

Employment sector and field All full-time employed Male Female
Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE
All sectors 106,000 1,000 116,000 1,500 90,000 1,000
Science 100,000 500 110,000 500 89,000 1,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 100,000 1,500 106,000 2,000 86,000 1,500
Computer/information sciences 130,000 1,500 134,000 4,000 113,000 6,000
Mathematics/statistics 100,000 3,500 105,000 3,500 92,000 4,500
Physical sciences 110,000 500 118,000 3,000 95,000 2,000
Psychology 93,000 1,500 104,000 3,000 87,000 1,500
Social sciences 97,000 1,500 103,000 2,500 86,000 1,500
Engineering 125,000 2,000 128,000 2,000 109,000 500
Health 100,000 2,000 116,000 6,000 95,000 2,500
4-year educational institutiona 88,000 1,500 94,000 1,000 80,000 1,000
Science 85,000 500 91,000 1,500 76,000 1,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 80,000 1,500 90,000 500 70,000 1,000
Computer/information sciences 100,000 3,000 105,000 4,500 91,000 2,000
Mathematics/statistics 88,000 3,000 90,000 2,500 77,000 2,500
Physical sciences 85,000 1,500 88,000 2,500 75,000 2,000
Psychology 84,000 1,500 90,000 1,500 80,000 500
Social sciences 89,000 1,500 95,000 2,000 80,000 1,000
Engineering 100,000 500 100,000 1,000 90,000 2,500
Health 90,000 2,500 99,000 4,000 89,000 1,500
Other educational institutionb 70,000 2,000 74,000 2,500 70,000 1,000
Science 70,000 2,000 75,000 2,500 70,000 2,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 65,000 2,000 69,000 1,500 62,000 2,500
Computer/information sciences 81,000 9,500 86,000 12,000 75,000 8,500
Mathematics/statistics 72,000 4,500 72,000 6,000 69,000 7,000
Physical sciences 66,000 2,500 67,000 3,000 64,000 3,500
Psychology 82,000 1,000 84,000 2,500 79,000 3,500
Social sciences 70,000 3,000 74,000 6,000 68,000 2,500
Engineering 59,000 6,000 59,000 7,000 53,000 16,500
Health 76,000 5,500 D D 73,000 5,500
Private, for-profitc 135,000 500 140,000 500 120,000 2,000
Science 133,000 3,000 140,000 1,000 117,000 3,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 129,000 2,500 135,000 4,500 120,000 3,000
Computer/information sciences 150,000 1,000 154,000 6,000 134,000 5,000
Mathematics/statistics 144,000 3,500 145,000 5,000 133,000 6,500
Physical sciences 135,000 3,000 139,000 1,500 120,000 2,500
Psychology 109,000 4,500 130,000 9,000 96,000 4,000
Social sciences 140,000 4,000 154,000 8,500 120,000 6,000
Engineering 136,000 2,000 140,000 1,000 120,000 500
Health 129,000 5,000 138,000 7,500 125,000 4,500
Private, nonprofit 111,000 4,000 125,000 4,500 98,000 3,000
Science 110,000 2,500 122,000 4,500 94,000 3,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 105,000 5,000 129,000 8,000 85,000 4,500
Computer/information sciences 119,000 4,500 120,000 5,500 91,000 15,000
Mathematics/statistics 118,000 17,500 105,000 37,500 122,000 8,500
Physical sciences 119,000 3,500 128,000 6,500 99,000 4,000
Psychology 94,000 4,500 110,000 6,500 91,000 1,500
Social sciences 119,000 4,500 124,000 11,500 116,000 6,000
Engineering 121,000 4,000 125,000 5,500 110,000 5,500
Health 127,000 9,500 164,000 16,000 104,000 8,500
Federal government 117,000 1,500 121,000 3,500 110,000 1,000
Science 116,000 2,500 120,000 3,500 109,000 1,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 110,000 1,000 111,000 3,500 104,000 3,000
Computer/information sciences 120,000 7,000 118,000 9,000 134,000 23,000
Mathematics/statistics 121,000 5,000 125,000 6,000 114,000 15,500
Physical sciences 125,000 2,500 129,000 3,500 115,000 4,000
Psychology 106,000 1,500 111,000 10,000 100,000 2,500
Social sciences 129,000 3,000 138,000 8,500 120,000 5,500
Engineering 120,000 1,500 124,000 3,000 107,000 4,000
Health 114,000 3,500 117,000 12,000 114,000 4,000
State or local government 89,000 3,000 90,000 3,000 83,000 3,000
Science 85,000 2,000 87,000 4,000 80,000 2,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 80,000 2,000 81,000 2,500 74,000 4,500
Computer/information sciences D D D D D D
Mathematics/statistics 101,000 12,500 D D D D
Physical sciences 81,000 2,500 83,000 4,500 76,000 5,000
Psychology 90,000 2,000 94,000 4,000 87,000 4,500
Social sciences 83,000 3,500 85,000 9,500 77,000 5,500
Engineering 100,000 500 100,000 1,000 91,000 6,500
Health 101,000 5,500 96,000 10,500 103,000 11,500
Self-employedd 100,000 1,000 115,000 5,000 89,000 1,500
Science 100,000 1,500 115,000 4,500 89,000 1,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 97,000 5,500 98,000 7,500 90,000 8,500
Computer/information sciences S S S S D D
Mathematics/statistics 93,000 7,500 93,000 7,500 D D
Physical sciences 79,000 27,000 104,000 24,000 43,000 18,500
Psychology 105,000 8,000 119,000 4,500 89,000 2,000
Social sciences 98,000 9,000 117,000 13,000 73,000 24,000
Engineering 115,000 27,000 115,000 26,000 S S
Health 75,000 18,000 59,000 20,500 81,000 23,500
Othere 120,000 10,500 133,000 7,000 109,000 14,000
Science 119,000 10,000 134,000 13,000 99,000 19,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 84,000 10,000 83,000 13,000 83,000 19,500
Computer/information sciences D D D D D D
Mathematics/statistics D D D D D D
Physical sciences 119,000 14,500 118,000 15,000 80,000 34,000
Psychology 71,000 22,500 63,000 28,500 S S
Social sciences 180,000 26,500 204,000 19,500 145,000 17,000
Engineering 126,000 10,000 130,000 12,000 117,000 15,000
Health 122,000 31,500 D D D D
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes.
b Includes 2-year colleges, community colleges, or technical institutes, and other precollege institutions.
c Includes those self-employed in an incorporated business.
d Self-employed or business owner in a nonincorporated business.
e Includes employers not broken out separately.
NOTES: Median annual salaries are for principal job and are rounded to nearest $1,000. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest $500. Designation of full-time and part-time employment status is based on principal job only, not on all jobs held in labor force. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.