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Table 56. Median annual salaries of U.S. residing full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by sector of employment, broad field of doctorate, ethnicity, and race: 2015

(Dollars)

Employment sector and field All full-time employed Hispanic or Latinoa Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American White Other racec
Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE
All sectors 106,000 1,000 95,000 1,500 90,000 6,500 112,000 2,500 94,000 2,000 106,000 1,500 99,000 3,500
Science 100,000 500 90,000 1,000 80,000 4,000 103,000 2,000 90,000 1,000 101,000 2,000 90,000 2,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 100,000 1,500 85,000 2,000 80,000 4,000 95,000 2,000 90,000 3,000 100,000 500 87,000 9,000
Computer/information sciences 130,000 1,500 115,000 10,500 D D 139,000 3,500 109,000 9,000 125,000 4,000 143,000 18,000
Mathematics/statistics 100,000 3,500 94,000 6,500 D D 112,000 4,500 85,000 4,000 100,000 500 95,000 8,000
Physical sciences 110,000 500 99,000 2,000 142,000 33,000 109,000 1,000 90,000 2,000 113,000 2,500 90,000 5,000
Psychology 93,000 1,500 82,000 3,500 69,000 9,000 82,000 3,000 86,000 2,500 96,000 2,000 89,000 7,500
Social sciences 97,000 1,500 90,000 2,500 76,000 6,500 100,000 2,500 89,000 2,500 98,000 1,500 86,000 3,000
Engineering 125,000 2,000 113,000 4,500 109,000 22,500 122,000 3,500 110,000 5,500 125,000 2,500 129,000 8,000
Health 100,000 2,000 93,000 8,000 D D 103,000 5,000 96,000 3,000 100,000 2,000 105,000 10,500
4-year educational institutiond 88,000 1,500 80,000 500 84,000 5,000 83,000 1,500 83,000 1,500 90,000 500 78,000 4,000
Science 85,000 500 78,000 1,500 76,000 5,000 79,000 2,000 81,000 1,500 88,000 1,500 74,000 2,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 80,000 1,500 71,000 3,500 78,000 7,000 70,000 3,500 78,000 3,000 85,000 1,000 66,000 3,500
Computer/information sciences 100,000 3,000 83,000 9,000 D D 98,000 3,500 97,000 10,000 105,000 4,000 135,000 35,000
Mathematics/statistics 88,000 3,000 81,000 3,500 D D 88,000 4,500 81,000 3,500 89,000 3,000 82,000 16,500
Physical sciences 85,000 1,500 77,000 4,500 * * 75,000 3,500 80,000 4,000 89,000 2,000 70,000 5,500
Psychology 84,000 1,500 76,000 3,500 68,000 8,500 74,000 2,000 81,000 3,500 85,000 1,500 76,000 8,000
Social sciences 89,000 1,500 80,000 2,000 80,000 7,000 84,000 4,500 81,000 2,500 90,000 500 81,000 7,000
Engineering 100,000 500 90,000 3,000 D D 95,000 2,500 96,000 2,500 104,000 2,500 105,000 11,000
Health 90,000 2,500 86,000 3,500 D D 85,000 4,000 89,000 5,000 93,000 3,000 90,000 9,000
Other educational institutione 70,000 2,000 70,000 3,000 D D 70,000 4,000 74,000 6,500 70,000 2,000 75,000 3,500
Science 70,000 2,000 70,000 3,000 D D 70,000 3,000 73,000 6,500 70,000 2,500 75,000 4,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 65,000 2,000 59,000 3,500 D D 65,000 8,000 61,000 4,500 65,000 2,500 62,000 20,000
Computer/information sciences 81,000 9,500 * * D D D D S S 80,000 14,500 D D
Mathematics/statistics 72,000 4,500 D D D D 59,000 19,000 S S 74,000 3,500 D D
Physical sciences 66,000 2,500 77,000 4,500 D D 68,000 3,500 66,000 3,500 65,000 3,000 D D
Psychology 82,000 1,000 74,000 8,000 D D 74,000 12,500 81,000 2,000 83,000 1,500 D D
Social sciences 70,000 3,000 68,000 8,000 D D 73,000 13,000 75,000 10,000 70,000 3,500 D D
Engineering 59,000 6,000 S S D D 76,000 19,000 51,000 6,000 59,000 4,500 D D
Health 76,000 5,500 D D D D S S 80,000 7,500 73,000 10,500 D D
Private, for-profitf 135,000 500 124,000 3,000 143,000 18,500 131,000 3,000 120,000 3,000 140,000 2,500 123,000 4,000
Science 133,000 3,000 120,000 2,000 141,000 24,000 131,000 4,000 114,000 6,500 135,000 1,500 115,000 3,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 129,000 2,500 114,000 6,000 D D 120,000 3,500 116,000 6,000 134,000 3,500 120,000 7,000
Computer/information sciences 150,000 1,000 160,000 13,000 D D 149,000 2,500 129,000 17,000 150,000 4,500 150,000 17,500
Mathematics/statistics 144,000 3,500 145,000 14,500 D D 133,000 5,500 122,000 21,500 150,000 3,500 D D
Physical sciences 135,000 3,000 125,000 6,000 145,000 13,000 129,000 3,000 113,000 11,000 138,000 3,500 114,000 12,000
Psychology 109,000 4,500 79,000 8,000 D D 142,000 13,500 99,000 18,000 110,000 8,000 101,000 9,500
Social sciences 140,000 4,000 150,000 18,500 D D 140,000 10,500 109,000 3,500 140,000 6,500 D D
Engineering 136,000 2,000 131,000 8,000 131,000 21,500 130,000 3,000 121,000 3,500 144,000 2,500 139,000 10,500
Health 129,000 5,000 118,000 28,500 D D 139,000 9,000 110,000 8,000 126,000 3,500 D D
Private, nonprofit 111,000 4,000 101,000 6,000 D D 99,000 2,500 94,000 5,500 120,000 500 100,000 9,500
Science 110,000 2,500 98,000 9,000 D D 95,000 3,500 90,000 5,500 115,000 4,000 89,000 11,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 105,000 5,000 98,000 25,000 D D 78,000 10,000 79,000 19,000 120,000 5,500 63,000 11,500
Computer/information sciences 119,000 4,500 D D D D 79,000 6,000 D D 120,000 5,500 D D
Mathematics/statistics 118,000 17,500 D D D D S S S S 126,000 18,000 D D
Physical sciences 119,000 3,500 109,000 16,000 D D 99,000 6,500 85,000 27,000 125,000 5,500 93,000 2,500
Psychology 94,000 4,500 86,000 12,000 D D 120,000 28,000 90,000 6,000 96,000 5,000 100,000 22,500
Social sciences 119,000 4,500 104,000 5,000 D D 101,000 17,000 110,000 11,000 125,000 10,500 100,000 18,500
Engineering 121,000 4,000 125,000 18,000 D D 108,000 6,000 98,000 18,000 127,000 3,000 D D
Health 127,000 9,500 135,000 65,500 D D 88,000 7,500 131,000 41,500 134,000 7,000 D D
Federal government 117,000 1,500 109,000 1,500 111,000 7,500 115,000 3,000 105,000 3,000 120,000 2,000 122,000 7,000
Science 116,000 2,500 107,000 3,500 111,000 16,500 115,000 5,500 104,000 3,500 119,000 2,000 119,000 13,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 110,000 1,000 103,000 6,500 D D 101,000 6,500 102,000 3,000 110,000 2,000 99,000 19,000
Computer/information sciences 120,000 7,000 D D D D 117,000 30,000 S S 118,000 6,500 D D
Mathematics/statistics 121,000 5,000 D D D D 108,000 20,000 S S 122,000 5,000 D D
Physical sciences 125,000 2,500 107,000 9,500 D D 123,000 7,500 86,000 18,500 127,000 3,500 136,000 26,000
Psychology 106,000 1,500 100,000 4,000 S S 86,000 12,500 97,000 3,000 107,000 2,000 105,000 6,000
Social sciences 129,000 3,000 130,000 4,000 D D 122,000 4,500 120,000 11,500 130,000 3,000 S S
Engineering 120,000 1,500 115,000 6,500 D D 115,000 7,500 110,000 11,500 120,000 3,500 142,000 26,000
Health 114,000 3,500 D D D D 107,000 10,000 105,000 6,500 115,000 4,500 D D
State or local government 89,000 3,000 80,000 4,000 * * 97,000 5,500 89,000 2,500 86,000 3,000 99,000 11,000
Science 85,000 2,000 80,000 5,000 * * 80,000 4,500 86,000 4,500 85,000 2,000 98,000 16,500
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 80,000 2,000 70,000 11,000 D D 85,000 8,500 81,000 7,500 78,000 3,500 99,000 13,000
Computer/information sciences D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Mathematics/statistics 101,000 12,500 D D D D D D D D D D D D
Physical sciences 81,000 2,500 85,000 23,000 D D 79,000 5,500 D D 81,000 3,000 D D
Psychology 90,000 2,000 89,000 10,500 D D D D 87,000 5,000 90,000 4,500 D D
Social sciences 83,000 3,500 75,000 25,000 D D 114,000 25,000 83,000 16,000 81,000 6,000 D D
Engineering 100,000 500 D D D D 100,000 3,000 92,000 4,500 97,000 3,000 D D
Health 101,000 5,500 * * D D 88,000 29,000 110,000 23,500 100,000 6,500 D D
Self-employedg 100,000 1,000 94,000 6,000 S S 89,000 8,000 78,000 17,000 100,000 7,500 92,000 18,000
Science 100,000 1,500 93,000 10,500 S S 88,000 8,500 79,000 19,000 103,000 8,000 88,000 16,000
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 97,000 5,500 41,000 9,000 D D 85,000 41,500 D D 99,000 6,500 D D
Computer/information sciences S S D D D D D D D D 31,000 11,000 D D
Mathematics/statistics 93,000 7,500 D D D D D D D D 84,000 13,000 D D
Physical sciences 79,000 27,000 D D D D S S D D 83,000 22,500 D D
Psychology 105,000 8,000 92,000 12,500 D D 63,000 12,000 S S 109,000 6,500 D D
Social sciences 98,000 9,000 S S D D 97,000 36,500 79,000 9,000 98,000 15,500 D D
Engineering 115,000 27,000 S S D D 137,000 48,500 D D 100,000 30,000 S S
Health 75,000 18,000 D D D D D D D D 83,000 25,000 D D
Otherh 120,000 10,500 150,000 21,000 D D 120,000 13,000 S S 129,000 14,000 D D
Science 119,000 10,000 151,000 21,500 D D 117,000 16,000 S S 122,000 15,000 D D
Biological/agricultural/environmental life sciences 84,000 10,000 71,000 33,500 D D 72,000 25,500 D D 89,000 13,500 D D
Computer/information sciences D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Mathematics/statistics D D D D D D D D D D D D D D
Physical sciences 119,000 14,500 D D D D 102,000 2,000 D D 132,000 12,000 D D
Psychology 71,000 22,500 D D D D D D D D 74,000 14,500 D D
Social sciences 180,000 26,500 180,000 27,500 D D 159,000 45,000 D D 180,000 28,500 D D
Engineering 126,000 10,000 D D D D 124,000 12,000 D D 134,000 8,500 D D
Health 122,000 31,500 D D D D D D D D D D D D
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race
b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race.
c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
d Includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes.
e Includes 2-year colleges, community colleges, or technical institutes, and other precollege institutions.
f Includes those self-employed in an incorporated business.
g Self-employed or business owner in a nonincorporated business.
h Includes employers not broken out separately.
NOTES: Median annual salaries are for principal job and are rounded to nearest $1,000. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest $500. Designation of full-time and part-time employment status is based on principal job only, not on all jobs held in labor force. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2015.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients, 2015.