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Table 1-2. Non-U.S. residing doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and employment status: 2017

Field of study Total Employed Unemployeda Not in the labor forceb
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All fields 135,700 275 123,150 650 1,950 200 10,600 550
Science 96,100 725 86,350 825 1,200 150 8,550 425
Biological, agricultural, and environmental life sciences 28,450 575 25,200 575 450 100 2,800 275
Agricultural and food sciences 6,300 275 5,400 250 100 50 800 175
Biochemistry and biophysics 2,900 250 2,700 250 D D 200 75
Cell, cellular biology, and molecular biology 2,400 200 2,200 200 D D 150 75
Microbiological sciences and immunology 2,150 175 1,850 175 D D 300 100
Natural resources and conservation 1,900 125 1,700 125 50 25 150 75
Zoology 1,300 150 1,050 125 D D 200 100
Other biological sciences 11,450 375 10,300 400 150 50 1,000 175
Computer and information sciences 4,450 275 4,300 275 D D 100 50
Mathematics and statistics 7,400 375 6,800 350 D D 600 150
Physical sciences, geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 21,000 475 19,050 450 300 75 1,650 175
Astronomy and astrophysics 850 100 850 100 D D D D
Chemistry, except biochemistry 8,000 350 7,200 325 100 50 700 125
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 4,150 200 3,650 175 100 50 400 100
Physics 8,000 350 7,350 325 100 75 550 125
Psychology 5,850 275 5,150 275 D D 700 125
Social sciences 28,950 625 25,900 625 400 100 2,650 275
Economics 12,750 425 11,750 400 150 75 800 150
Political science and government 4,050 250 3,700 250 D D 300 100
Sociology, demography, and population studies 2,900 225 2,450 200 D D 400 100
Other social sciences 9,250 350 8,000 325 150 50 1,100 175
Engineering 34,750 650 32,400 650 650 150 1,700 250
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 1,350 150 1,300 175 D D D D
Chemical engineering 4,050 300 3,750 275 D D 250 100
Civil engineering 5,400 300 5,200 300 S S 150 75
Electrical and computer engineering 8,750 400 8,150 400 350 125 300 125
Mechanical engineering 4,550 275 4,300 250 D D 250 100
Metallurgical and materials engineering 2,800 200 2,550 200 D D 250 100
Other engineering 7,800 300 7,200 275 100 50 500 100
Health 4,800 300 4,400 300 50 25 350 100
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Unemployed includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week but had been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks or who were on layoff from their job.
b Not employed or not seeking work includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week and had not been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks because of family responsibilities, chronic illness, or other reasons.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Designation of full-time and part-time employment status is based on principal job only, not on all jobs held in labor force. For example, an individual could work part time in his or her principal job but full time in the labor force. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.