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Table 11-1. U.S. residing employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by fine field of doctorate and years since doctorate: 2017

Field of study All employed ≤ 5 6–10 11–15 16–20 21–25 > 25
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All fields 815,100 1,400 134,300 625 143,200 800 116,050 775 112,850 875 99,600 750 209,100 1,300
Science 612,450 1,500 94,800 650 104,450 875 86,300 800 84,200 775 73,900 750 168,750 1,350
Biological, agricultural, and environmental life sciences 206,900 925 34,550 525 38,950 600 31,250 575 28,650 575 23,250 575 50,250 850
Agricultural and food sciences 16,350 275 2,000 125 2,200 150 2,300 175 2,350 175 2,300 175 5,250 250
Agricultural sciences 1,000 75 100 25 100 50 50 25 100 25 50 25 600 100
Animal sciences 4,400 150 600 75 600 100 600 75 500 75 700 100 1,400 125
Food sciences and technology 3,550 175 450 75 550 75 600 100 800 125 500 100 650 125
Plant sciences 5,300 200 700 75 650 100 750 100 650 100 650 100 1,950 175
Soil sciences 2,150 125 150 25 300 50 300 75 350 50 400 50 700 100
Biochemistry and biophysics 28,250 425 3,800 200 5,050 300 4,000 250 3,700 225 3,450 225 8,250 350
Biochemistry 23,400 425 3,000 200 3,950 275 3,350 200 3,050 200 2,850 225 7,150 325
Biophysics 4,850 150 750 75 1,100 125 650 100 650 100 600 100 1,100 125
Cell, cellular biology, and molecular biology 29,850 375 4,050 200 5,550 275 4,900 250 5,300 275 3,650 250 6,400 275
Microbiological sciences and immunology 22,200 350 4,200 175 4,350 225 3,250 225 3,200 250 2,450 225 4,800 300
Immunology 8,150 200 1,600 125 1,850 150 1,250 150 1,450 175 650 150 1,350 175
Microbiological sciences 14,100 300 2,600 125 2,500 175 2,000 175 1,750 175 1,850 200 3,450 250
Natural resources and conservation 8,550 225 1,450 100 1,800 125 1,400 125 1,200 100 1,050 125 1,600 175
Fish, fisheries, wildlife and wildlands science and management 2,250 125 250 25 350 50 400 75 300 50 350 50 600 125
Forestry 2,600 150 300 25 450 50 400 75 400 75 400 75 700 100
Natural resource conservation, research, management, and policy 3,700 150 900 100 1,000 100 650 75 550 75 300 75 300 75
Zoology 7,450 250 550 75 600 75 900 125 1,150 125 850 100 3,350 225
Other biological sciences 94,200 625 18,500 400 19,400 425 14,450 400 11,700 350 9,500 350 20,600 500
Biomathematics, bioinformatics, and computational biology 4,400 75 1,650 75 1,200 100 450 75 300 50 300 75 550 75
Botany and plant biology 6,450 200 550 75 950 100 800 75 950 125 950 100 2,300 150
Epidemiology, ecology, and population biology 14,800 275 3,550 175 3,800 200 2,400 175 1,650 125 1,250 150 2,150 200
Genetics 8,200 225 1,800 125 1,850 150 1,250 125 1,100 125 850 100 1,350 150
Neurobiology and neuroscience 14,600 225 3,750 200 4,000 250 2,650 200 2,000 200 1,000 150 1,200 125
Nutrition sciences 3,800 150 600 75 600 100 500 75 550 100 500 100 1,000 125
Pharmacology and toxicology 12,200 250 1,400 125 2,050 150 2,000 175 1,850 150 1,350 125 3,500 225
Physiology, pathology, and related sciences 14,200 300 2,700 150 2,600 175 1,550 150 1,100 125 1,500 175 4,750 250
Biological and biomedical sciences, general 10,950 250 2,150 150 2,000 175 1,950 175 1,450 175 1,200 150 2,200 200
Biological and biomedical sciences, other 4,600 175 350 50 350 50 900 125 750 100 600 75 1,650 150
Computer and information sciences 27,550 300 6,650 250 6,550 275 4,150 250 3,450 200 3,300 225 3,500 225
Computer science 24,050 300 5,700 225 5,550 250 3,400 225 3,100 200 3,050 225 3,200 225
Information science, studies 2,150 125 450 50 600 75 300 75 300 50 200 75 300 50
Computer and information sciences, other 1,350 50 500 50 400 50 400 50 50 25 D D D D
Mathematics and statistics 35,200 500 5,600 225 6,400 325 5,100 325 4,300 250 4,650 300 9,150 350
Applied mathematics 7,700 250 1,400 175 1,600 175 1,350 175 850 150 1,100 175 1,350 175
Mathematics 16,450 275 2,500 150 2,700 200 1,900 150 2,100 200 2,250 200 5,000 250
Statistics 7,000 225 1,100 125 1,500 175 1,100 150 650 125 900 125 1,800 225
Mathematics and statistics, other 4,100 150 600 50 600 75 750 125 750 75 450 75 950 100
Physical sciences, geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 130,000 800 18,200 350 20,100 425 16,000 500 18,550 525 17,150 425 40,050 700
Astronomy and astrophysics 5,600 125 950 100 1,000 75 700 75 750 75 600 75 1,600 125
Chemistry, except biochemistry 63,550 525 8,700 250 9,250 325 7,900 375 9,150 400 8,700 375 19,850 500
Inorganic chemistry 8,450 200 1,100 100 1,000 125 1,050 125 1,250 125 1,050 125 2,950 200
Organic chemistry 17,150 375 2,250 150 2,500 200 2,000 200 2,350 200 2,500 250 5,500 300
Chemistry, other, except biochemistry 37,950 400 5,350 200 5,700 250 4,850 300 5,550 300 5,100 250 11,350 375
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 21,000 250 3,200 125 3,400 150 2,700 150 2,800 125 2,600 150 6,200 200
Atmospheric sciences and meteorology 3,750 75 700 50 750 50 550 50 550 50 400 50 850 50
Geological and earth sciences, geosciences 12,900 225 1,800 100 2,000 125 1,600 125 1,650 125 1,700 150 4,100 175
Ocean sciences and marine sciences 1,900 75 550 50 350 50 250 25 200 50 200 25 400 50
Oceanography, chemical and physical 2,450 125 200 50 300 50 300 75 450 75 300 50 850 100
Physics 39,850 500 5,300 275 6,400 275 4,650 325 5,800 325 5,250 300 12,400 450
Psychology 113,950 750 13,700 325 16,100 375 15,150 425 16,100 425 14,400 475 38,450 750
Clinical psychology 40,800 500 4,150 250 5,200 250 5,200 275 6,050 325 5,500 325 14,600 475
Counseling and applied psychology 15,200 250 2,100 125 1,950 175 2,250 175 2,150 175 1,950 175 4,800 275
Educational and school psychology 13,650 300 1,550 125 1,950 150 1,950 175 1,650 150 1,650 150 4,800 250
Industrial and organizational psychology 4,950 150 750 100 1,000 125 700 125 750 125 600 100 1,150 150
Research and experimental psychology 27,500 325 3,700 150 4,550 200 3,550 150 3,750 200 3,250 200 8,700 325
Psychology, general 7,400 250 800 100 750 125 850 125 1,100 150 950 150 3,050 225
Psychology, other 4,450 175 650 75 700 100 600 100 650 100 500 75 1,350 150
Social sciences 98,850 775 16,100 350 16,350 450 14,700 400 13,200 425 11,100 350 27,400 500
Economics 26,600 425 3,700 175 4,250 250 3,300 200 3,500 200 2,800 175 9,050 325
Political science and government 19,950 425 3,750 200 2,900 200 3,250 200 2,700 225 2,500 200 4,900 275
Political science and government 16,150 400 2,450 175 2,050 200 2,700 200 2,250 200 2,150 200 4,550 275
Public policy analysis 3,750 125 1,250 125 850 100 550 75 450 100 300 75 350 75
Sociology, demography, and population studies 15,150 325 2,500 175 2,600 175 2,450 150 2,100 150 1,550 150 3,950 250
Other social sciences 37,200 450 6,200 225 6,650 275 5,700 200 4,900 275 4,300 225 9,500 325
Anthropology 11,550 250 1,650 100 2,050 150 1,950 150 1,650 150 1,200 125 3,050 200
Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies 3,450 125 700 75 850 75 450 50 350 50 400 75 750 100
Geography and cartography 4,600 150 900 100 900 100 850 100 550 100 550 75 800 125
International relations and national security studies 2,000 150 350 75 350 75 250 75 300 100 250 75 550 100
Linguistics 5,050 225 800 100 850 125 700 100 700 125 550 100 1,400 175
Urban studies, affairs 1,500 100 150 50 150 50 250 50 250 50 200 50 500 100
Social sciences, other 9,100 200 1,600 100 1,500 100 1,300 100 1,150 125 1,100 125 2,450 150
Engineering 164,650 850 31,200 525 31,650 575 23,000 525 23,200 475 21,300 575 34,250 850
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 6,500 175 1,200 100 950 125 850 125 1,100 125 1,000 125 1,450 125
Chemical engineering 20,250 350 3,450 175 3,800 225 2,800 225 3,150 225 2,300 225 4,750 275
Civil engineering 17,900 350 3,700 175 3,600 225 2,250 200 2,200 175 1,900 175 4,250 225
Electrical and computer engineering 45,850 475 8,450 325 9,350 350 6,200 300 6,300 250 6,450 300 9,050 500
Computer engineering 6,000 175 1,400 150 1,350 125 650 100 1,000 125 700 100 850 100
Electrical, electronics, and communications engineering 39,800 450 7,050 350 7,950 325 5,550 275 5,300 250 5,700 300 8,200 500
Mechanical engineering 23,700 375 4,750 250 4,250 275 3,700 225 3,950 250 3,000 225 4,050 300
Metallurgical and materials engineering 15,400 275 2,700 200 3,100 200 2,200 175 2,150 175 2,200 150 3,050 225
Other engineering 35,050 400 6,950 225 6,600 300 5,050 225 4,350 225 4,450 275 7,700 300
Agricultural engineering 1,550 125 200 50 150 50 250 50 150 50 350 100 450 75
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 11,600 175 3,800 175 3,250 175 1,500 125 1,100 150 850 125 1,150 125
Engineering mechanics, physics, and science 4,150 175 500 75 450 75 550 100 550 100 750 100 1,300 125
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 8,700 225 1,200 125 1,500 150 1,450 150 1,300 150 1,350 150 1,850 175
Nuclear engineering 2,750 125 350 50 350 50 350 75 350 75 350 75 1,000 125
Engineering, other 6,300 200 950 100 900 100 950 125 850 100 800 125 1,950 225
Health 37,950 425 8,250 300 7,100 275 6,750 275 5,450 250 4,350 225 6,050 300
Communication disorders sciences and services 3,400 125 350 75 450 75 600 100 350 75 450 75 1,250 125
Hospital and medical administration services 1,700 125 300 50 400 75 200 75 200 50 100 25 450 125
Pharmacy, pharmaceutical sciences, and administration 7,400 175 1,350 125 1,100 150 1,150 150 1,050 150 1,100 125 1,700 150
Public health 7,100 175 2,400 150 1,450 125 1,000 125 850 125 600 100 800 125
Registered nursing, nursing administration, nursing research 8,900 275 1,850 175 2,100 175 1,850 175 1,400 150 1,050 150 650 150
Health sciences, other 9,450 200 2,000 125 1,650 125 1,900 150 1,550 150 1,050 100 1,250 125
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.