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Table 12-2. Non-U.S. residing employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate and sector of employment: 2017

Field of study All employed Educational institutiona Business or industryb Governmentc
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All fields 123,150 650 79,450 875 31,050 725 12,650 550
Science 86,350 825 56,450 850 20,550 625 9,350 425
Biological, agricultural, and environmental life sciences 25,200 575 14,900 450 6,700 400 3,600 275
Agricultural and food sciences 5,400 250 3,000 200 1,550 175 850 150
Biochemistry and biophysics 2,700 250 1,400 200 850 175 450 125
Cell, cellular biology, and molecular biology 2,200 200 1,400 150 700 150 150 75
Microbiological sciences and immunology 1,850 175 1,300 150 400 100 150 50
Natural resources and conservation 1,700 125 1,100 100 300 50 300 50
Zoology 1,050 125 600 100 200 75 250 75
Other biological sciences 10,300 400 6,150 350 2,700 275 1,450 175
Computer and information sciences 4,300 275 2,850 200 1,250 200 200 100
Mathematics and statistics 6,800 350 5,450 325 1,050 175 300 100
Physical sciences, geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 19,050 450 11,450 400 5,450 350 2,100 200
Astronomy and astrophysics 850 100 500 75 200 75 150 50
Chemistry, except biochemistry 7,200 325 4,150 275 2,550 250 550 125
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 3,650 175 2,150 150 850 100 650 75
Physics 7,350 325 4,700 325 1,850 200 800 125
Psychology 5,150 275 3,450 250 1,300 175 400 100
Social sciences 25,900 625 18,300 575 4,850 325 2,750 225
Economics 11,750 400 7,900 375 2,450 225 1,450 200
Political science and government 3,700 250 2,550 250 800 150 400 125
Sociology, demography, and population studies 2,450 200 1,900 200 350 100 200 75
Other social sciences 8,000 325 6,050 300 1,250 150 700 125
Engineering 32,400 650 20,050 550 9,550 450 2,850 275
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 1,300 175 450 100 400 100 450 125
Chemical engineering 3,750 275 2,100 225 1,400 200 200 75
Civil engineering 5,200 300 3,400 275 1,350 200 450 125
Electrical and computer engineering 8,150 400 5,400 325 2,200 250 500 125
Mechanical engineering 4,300 250 2,650 225 1,200 175 450 125
Metallurgical and materials engineering 2,550 200 1,450 175 950 125 150 75
Other engineering 7,200 275 4,550 275 2,000 200 600 100
Health 4,400 300 3,000 250 950 150 450 125
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Educational institution includes includes 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), university-affiliated research institutes, 2-year colleges, community colleges, technical institutes, precollege institutions, and other educational institutions.
b Business or industry includes private for profit, private not for profit, self-employed or business owners in incorporated or nonincorporated business, and employers not broken out separately.
c Government includes U.S. federal, state, and local government and non-U.S. government at any level.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.