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Table 22. U.S. residing employed doctoral scientists and engineers in 4-year educational institutions, by broad field of doctorate, ethnicity, race, and tenure status: 2017

Field of study, ethnicity, and race All employed Tenured Not tenured Tenure not applicable
On tenure track Not on tenure track
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All fields 319,400 2,925 142,350 2,425 48,950 975 45,700 1,075 82,350 1,300
Hispanic or Latinoa 15,450 350 6,050 275 2,950 200 2,200 200 4,250 250
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native 600 100 300 75 100 50 50 50 150 50
Asian 60,150 1,275 21,000 900 11,200 475 7,850 450 20,100 650
Black or African American 12,600 425 5,600 300 2,100 150 1,750 175 3,100 200
White 225,800 2,050 107,650 1,825 31,700 825 33,000 825 53,450 1,075
Other racec 4,800 250 1,750 175 900 125 850 150 1,300 125
Science 258,700 2,475 115,600 2,025 38,000 925 37,600 950 67,500 1,225
Hispanic or Latinoa 12,800 350 4,900 250 2,450 200 1,750 175 3,700 225
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native 500 75 250 50 50 50 50 25 100 50
Asian 43,700 950 14,600 650 7,800 375 6,200 425 15,150 575
Black or African American 10,000 350 4,600 275 1,450 125 1,400 150 2,550 200
White 187,500 1,950 89,750 1,625 25,500 800 27,450 750 44,800 1,025
Other racec 4,150 250 1,550 175 750 100 750 125 1,150 125
Biological, agricultural, and environmental life sciences 90,500 1,250 31,400 975 12,450 500 15,700 600 30,950 750
Hispanic or Latinoa 4,200 200 1,000 100 900 125 700 100 1,600 125
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native 200 50 50 25 S S D D 100 50
Asian 18,350 600 3,400 300 2,700 250 3,400 325 8,800 450
Black or African American 2,800 175 800 100 450 75 500 100 1,050 125
White 63,800 1,025 25,800 825 8,200 375 10,900 500 18,900 625
Other racec 1,200 150 300 100 200 50 200 50 500 100
Computer and information sciences 8,800 425 4,700 300 1,850 200 850 125 1,400 200
Hispanic or Latinoa 350 75 150 50 50 25 50 25 50 25
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,750 250 1,400 175 750 150 200 75 400 100
Black or African American 250 75 150 50 50 25 D D * *
White 5,350 325 2,900 250 950 150 550 100 900 175
Other racec 100 50 S S D D D D D D
Mathematics and statistics 18,800 550 11,550 475 2,450 225 2,050 250 2,750 275
Hispanic or Latinoa 800 100 350 75 150 50 100 50 200 75
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 4,100 300 2,600 250 550 100 350 125 600 125
Black or African American 500 100 350 75 50 25 D D 100 50
White 13,250 450 8,200 425 1,700 175 1,500 200 1,800 200
Other racec 150 50 50 25 * * S S S S
Physical sciences, geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 44,150 1,000 19,200 650 6,000 325 5,900 350 13,100 525
Hispanic or Latinoa 1,750 150 800 100 300 75 250 75 400 75
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native D D D D D D D D D D
Asian 8,900 450 2,850 275 1,000 150 1,300 175 3,750 300
Black or African American 1,000 100 450 75 150 50 150 50 250 50
White 31,900 800 14,850 525 4,450 275 4,100 275 8,500 450
Other racec 650 100 200 75 100 50 50 50 250 75
Psychology 37,200 775 16,250 550 5,150 300 5,600 375 10,150 525
Hispanic or Latinoa 2,150 175 700 100 350 75 300 75 800 150
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native 50 25 50 25 D D D D D D
Asian 3,050 275 1,150 175 700 150 200 75 1,000 150
Black or African American 2,100 175 950 125 350 75 300 75 550 100
White 28,950 700 13,100 475 3,600 250 4,550 325 7,700 450
Other racec 850 125 300 75 150 50 250 100 150 50
Social sciences 59,300 950 32,500 775 10,100 475 7,500 400 9,200 450
Hispanic or Latinoa 3,600 200 1,850 150 750 100 400 100 650 100
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native 200 50 150 50 D D S S D D
Asian 6,550 375 3,150 275 2,050 200 750 125 700 125
Black or African American 3,350 200 1,950 175 450 75 350 75 600 100
White 44,300 775 24,850 650 6,600 425 5,800 350 7,050 350
Other racec 1,250 150 600 125 300 75 150 75 200 50
Engineering 40,900 975 19,100 800 6,800 375 4,700 350 10,250 400
Hispanic or Latinoa 2,000 175 1,000 125 300 50 300 75 400 75
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native 50 50 D D D D D D D D
Asian 13,650 550 5,650 400 2,700 275 1,300 200 4,000 300
Black or African American 1,150 125 550 100 300 75 150 50 200 50
White 23,700 700 11,700 600 3,450 275 3,000 275 5,550 300
Other racec 350 75 150 50 50 25 * * 100 50
Health 19,800 525 7,650 400 4,150 250 3,400 250 4,600 325
Hispanic or Latinoa 650 100 150 50 200 50 150 50 150 50
Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native 50 25 D D D D D D D D
Asian 2,800 275 800 125 750 150 350 100 900 150
Black or African American 1,400 150 500 100 350 75 250 75 350 100
White 14,600 400 6,150 325 2,750 225 2,600 250 3,100 250
Other racec 300 75 50 50 100 50 S S 50 25
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race.
b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race.
c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Four-year educational institutions include 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.