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Table 30. U.S. residing doctoral scientists and engineers, by broad occupation, employment status, and sex: 2017

Occupation and employment status Total Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE
All occupations 967,150 1,200 628,950 1,075 338,150 850
Full time 721,950 1,925 479,650 1,700 242,300 1,300
Part time 93,150 1,575 48,200 1,125 44,950 900
Unemployeda 17,050 625 10,600 525 6,450 375
Retired 113,450 1,250 83,150 1,025 30,300 725
Not employed or not seeking workb 21,550 750 7,350 500 14,200 575
Science occupations 546,550 2,425 346,100 2,050 200,450 1,425
Full time 406,400 2,425 261,900 1,850 144,500 1,325
Part time 54,350 1,050 27,550 850 26,750 675
Unemployeda 9,100 500 5,300 375 3,750 300
Retired 63,800 1,100 47,300 950 16,550 575
Not employed or not seeking workb 12,900 575 4,000 325 8,900 500
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 171,850 1,500 102,200 1,225 69,700 950
Full time 134,650 1,375 80,000 1,075 54,650 800
Part time 9,900 500 5,400 400 4,500 325
Unemployeda 3,750 325 1,750 200 2,000 225
Retired 19,050 675 14,000 550 5,000 300
Not employed or not seeking workb 4,550 350 1,000 175 3,550 300
Computer/information scientists 62,900 1,200 51,850 1,050 11,050 425
Full time 51,300 1,025 42,900 950 8,400 375
Part time 3,450 300 2,550 250 900 150
Unemployeda 1,050 150 850 150 200 75
Retired 5,950 375 4,900 350 1,050 150
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,150 150 650 125 500 100
Mathematical scientists 44,750 900 32,650 800 12,100 425
Full time 34,950 825 25,500 725 9,450 400
Part time 3,350 300 2,100 200 1,300 175
Unemployeda 650 150 400 100 300 100
Retired 4,600 325 3,900 300 700 125
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,150 175 800 150 400 100
Physical scientists 101,000 1,150 78,550 1,125 22,450 575
Full time 75,650 1,050 57,950 975 17,700 500
Part time 7,650 400 6,000 400 1,650 150
Unemployeda 1,850 200 1,450 175 400 75
Retired 13,700 500 12,300 475 1,350 175
Not employed or not seeking workb 2,150 250 800 175 1,300 175
Psychologists 87,400 925 36,000 875 51,450 850
Full time 52,900 850 23,350 725 29,550 775
Part time 21,300 650 6,800 450 14,500 575
Unemployeda 600 150 200 100 400 125
Retired 10,200 525 5,150 375 5,050 350
Not employed or not seeking workb 2,450 300 500 150 1,950 275
Social scientists 78,600 1,025 44,900 850 33,700 600
Full time 56,950 950 32,200 725 24,750 575
Part time 8,700 400 4,750 325 3,950 300
Unemployeda 1,150 175 650 125 500 100
Retired 10,350 475 7,050 400 3,300 275
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,500 200 250 100 1,250 175
Engineering occupations 122,700 1,400 104,100 1,275 18,600 500
Full time 102,750 1,175 86,700 1,075 16,000 500
Part time 5,150 375 4,250 350 950 150
Unemployeda 2,500 275 2,100 250 450 100
Retired 10,550 500 10,100 475 450 100
Not employed or not seeking workb 1,700 200 1,000 175 750 125
S&E-related occupations 116,750 1,500 67,900 1,150 48,850 900
Full time 88,850 1,350 53,050 1,075 35,800 850
Part time 8,800 475 3,550 325 5,250 350
Unemployeda 2,250 250 1,350 225 900 150
Retired 14,450 600 8,950 500 5,500 375
Not employed or not seeking workb 2,350 275 1,000 200 1,400 175
Non-S&E occupations 181,150 1,975 110,900 1,550 70,250 1,100
Full time 123,950 1,550 77,950 1,300 46,000 875
Part time 24,850 800 12,850 550 12,000 475
Unemployeda 3,200 275 1,850 225 1,350 175
Retired 24,650 750 16,850 650 7,800 375
Not employed or not seeking workb 4,550 325 1,400 200 3,150 250
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a Unemployed includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week but had been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks or who were on layoff from their job.
b Not employed or not seeking work includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week and had not been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks because of family responsibilities, chronic illness, or other reasons.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.