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Table 31. U.S. residing doctoral scientists and engineers, by broad occupation, employment status, ethnicity, and race: 2017

Occupation and employment status Total Hispanic or Latinoa Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American White Other racec
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All occupations 967,150 1,200 40,300 425 1,700 150 215,000 1,300 32,950 375 663,800 1,150 13,350 425
Full time 721,950 1,925 32,350 450 1,300 125 182,300 1,050 25,450 375 470,050 1,800 10,500 425
Part time 93,150 1,575 3,550 225 100 50 11,550 625 3,750 275 72,800 1,325 1,400 175
Unemployedd 17,050 625 1,200 150 S S 4,450 325 900 150 10,050 500 300 100
Retired 113,450 1,250 2,200 175 100 50 10,950 500 2,300 200 96,950 1,250 950 175
Not employed or not seeking worke 21,550 750 1,000 125 100 50 5,750 425 550 100 13,950 550 250 75
Science occupations 546,550 2,425 24,250 450 950 125 110,750 1,225 16,950 375 386,350 2,125 7,300 325
Full time 406,400 2,425 19,250 425 650 100 94,250 1,000 12,850 300 273,450 2,050 5,950 300
Part time 54,350 1,050 2,250 200 50 50 6,300 475 2,300 200 42,750 900 650 125
Unemployedd 9,100 500 700 150 D D 2,050 225 450 100 5,650 400 150 75
Retired 63,800 1,100 1,350 150 100 50 4,950 375 1,100 150 55,950 1,025 400 125
Not employed or not seeking worke 12,900 575 650 100 D D 3,250 300 350 100 8,600 425 100 50
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 171,850 1,500 7,700 300 200 50 38,900 700 4,450 200 118,100 1,375 2,500 200
Full time 134,650 1,375 6,200 250 150 50 33,300 675 3,650 175 89,300 1,175 2,100 175
Part time 9,900 500 400 100 D D 1,450 200 350 100 7,500 450 150 50
Unemployedd 3,750 325 450 125 D D 1,050 175 200 50 1,950 225 50 50
Retired 19,050 675 400 100 D D 1,700 225 200 75 16,600 600 S S
Not employed or not seeking worke 4,550 350 200 50 D D 1,350 200 100 50 2,800 275 50 50
Computer/information scientists 62,900 1,200 1,800 150 S S 25,400 700 1,000 125 34,200 825 450 100
Full time 51,300 1,025 1,500 150 D D 23,050 650 900 125 25,450 700 400 75
Part time 3,450 300 100 75 D D 800 175 50 25 2,450 225 D D
Unemployedd 1,050 150 S S D D 150 75 50 25 750 150 D D
Retired 5,950 375 100 50 D D 950 175 D D 4,850 350 D D
Not employed or not seeking worke 1,150 150 S S D D 400 100 D D 700 150 D D
Mathematical scientists 44,750 900 1,800 175 D D 13,550 625 1,100 125 27,750 750 500 100
Full time 34,950 825 1,500 150 D D 11,250 500 900 125 20,950 675 350 75
Part time 3,350 300 100 50 D D 1,150 225 150 75 1,900 225 S S
Unemployedd 650 150 D D D D 300 100 D D 350 100 D D
Retired 4,600 325 150 50 D D 550 150 D D 3,800 300 D D
Not employed or not seeking worke 1,150 175 S S D D 350 100 D D 750 150 D D
Physical scientists 101,000 1,150 3,850 200 200 75 19,550 675 2,450 175 73,750 1,025 1,150 125
Full time 75,650 1,050 3,300 175 100 50 16,500 575 1,850 150 52,900 825 1,000 125
Part time 7,650 400 200 50 D D 1,100 150 400 100 5,900 375 50 25
Unemployedd 1,850 200 50 50 D D 350 100 50 25 1,350 175 D D
Retired 13,700 500 200 75 D D 1,000 150 150 50 12,300 475 S S
Not employed or not seeking worke 2,150 250 100 50 D D 650 150 50 25 1,350 200 D D
Psychologists 87,400 925 4,600 275 250 75 4,250 350 3,450 200 73,550 900 1,300 175
Full time 52,900 850 3,050 225 200 75 3,100 300 2,300 175 43,300 850 900 150
Part time 21,300 650 1,050 150 D D 800 150 750 125 18,450 625 250 100
Unemployedd 600 150 D D D D D D D D 450 125 D D
Retired 10,200 525 350 75 D D 150 50 250 75 9,350 475 S S
Not employed or not seeking worke 2,450 300 150 50 D D 200 75 D D 2,000 275 D D
Social scientists 78,600 1,025 4,500 225 200 50 9,100 375 4,450 225 59,000 850 1,400 175
Full time 56,950 950 3,750 200 150 50 7,050 350 3,250 200 41,600 850 1,150 150
Part time 8,700 400 350 75 D D 1,000 175 600 125 6,550 350 150 75
Unemployedd 1,150 175 S S D D 150 50 50 50 850 150 D D
Retired 10,350 475 150 50 S S 600 125 450 100 9,050 425 S S
Not employed or not seeking worke 1,500 200 150 75 D D 300 100 50 50 1,000 175 D D
Engineering occupations 122,700 1,400 4,500 225 150 50 48,400 925 2,950 175 65,350 975 1,350 200
Full time 102,750 1,175 4,150 225 150 50 43,200 950 2,500 150 51,600 750 1,100 175
Part time 5,150 375 100 50 D D 1,000 150 150 75 3,850 350 100 50
Unemployedd 2,500 275 100 50 D D 1,150 200 50 50 1,200 200 D D
Retired 10,550 500 100 50 D D 2,450 250 200 75 7,750 425 S S
Not employed or not seeking worke 1,700 200 50 50 D D 550 125 50 25 1,000 150 S S
S&E-related occupations 116,750 1,500 4,050 225 250 75 24,800 800 4,950 325 80,950 1,250 1,750 200
Full time 88,850 1,350 3,150 200 200 50 20,850 700 3,950 275 59,400 1,100 1,300 150
Part time 8,800 475 300 75 D D 1,050 175 450 125 6,850 425 150 50
Unemployedd 2,250 250 200 75 D D 700 150 150 75 1,200 175 D D
Retired 14,450 600 250 75 D D 1,400 200 250 75 12,250 600 250 75
Not employed or not seeking worke 2,350 275 100 50 D D 850 175 100 50 1,250 175 D D
Non-S&E occupations 181,150 1,975 7,500 325 400 75 31,050 1,000 8,100 325 131,150 1,575 3,000 225
Full time 123,950 1,550 5,750 300 300 75 23,950 800 6,150 275 85,650 1,250 2,150 200
Part time 24,850 800 850 125 S S 3,250 300 850 125 19,350 650 500 100
Unemployedd 3,200 275 200 50 D D 600 150 250 75 2,000 250 S S
Retired 24,650 750 550 100 D D 2,150 225 750 125 21,050 725 200 75
Not employed or not seeking worke 4,550 325 200 50 D D 1,100 175 100 50 3,100 250 D D
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race
b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race.
c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
d Unemployed includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week but had been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks or who were on layoff from their job.
e Not employed or not seeking work includes individuals who were not working during the survey reference week and had not been seeking work in the prior 4 weeks because of family responsibilities, chronic illness, or other reasons.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. If respondent was not employed during survey reference period, occupation when last employed was reported. Excludes 350 individuals who reported never having worked so could not be classified by occupation. Designation of full-time and part-time employment status is based on principal job only, not on all jobs held in labor force. For example, an individual could work part time in his or her principal job but full time in the labor force. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.