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Table 37. U.S. residing employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by occupation, ethnicity, race, and sex: 2017

Occupation All employed Asian Other minoritya White
Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female
Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE Number SE
All occupations 815,100 1,400 527,850 1,425 287,250 1,050 193,850 1,125 133,400 1,025 60,450 850 78,350 625 44,250 625 34,150 550 542,850 1,500 350,200 1,425 192,650 1,025
Science occupations 460,750 2,150 289,500 1,725 171,250 1,350 100,550 1,100 64,650 925 35,950 725 44,000 625 24,300 500 19,700 475 316,200 1,950 200,550 1,500 115,600 1,225
Biological/agricultural/other life scientists 144,550 1,425 85,400 1,125 59,150 825 34,750 700 19,200 575 15,600 450 13,000 375 6,600 275 6,400 250 96,800 1,225 59,650 1,000 37,100 625
Agricultural/food scientists 9,950 425 6,800 350 3,150 225 2,300 225 1,450 175 850 125 1,200 125 650 75 550 100 6,450 375 4,700 325 1,750 150
Biochemists/biophysicists 16,550 600 10,750 500 5,750 350 6,050 350 3,650 300 2,400 225 1,050 150 550 100 500 100 9,450 450 6,550 400 2,900 250
Biological scientists 21,750 625 12,850 525 8,900 400 5,100 325 2,800 250 2,300 225 2,150 150 1,100 150 1,050 100 14,500 500 8,950 450 5,550 300
Forestry/conservation scientists 1,900 200 1,200 150 700 100 100 50 50 25 50 50 150 50 100 25 50 25 1,650 200 1,050 150 600 100
Medical scientists 34,500 875 18,950 625 15,550 550 9,800 475 5,250 350 4,550 300 2,850 225 1,500 175 1,400 125 21,850 675 12,250 475 9,600 425
Postsecondary teachers, agricultural/other natural sciences 6,300 350 4,300 275 2,000 175 750 125 450 100 300 75 550 75 400 75 200 50 4,950 300 3,400 250 1,550 150
Postsecondary teachers, biological sciences 32,850 1,025 19,950 750 12,900 475 3,550 350 2,150 275 1,400 175 3,000 225 1,400 175 1,600 150 26,300 800 16,400 600 9,900 425
Other biological/agricultural/life scientists 20,800 700 10,600 525 10,200 425 7,150 375 3,350 325 3,750 225 2,050 175 900 150 1,150 125 11,600 550 6,300 425 5,300 325
Computer/information scientists 54,750 1,125 45,450 975 9,300 375 23,900 700 19,200 650 4,650 275 3,000 200 2,400 175 600 100 27,900 750 23,800 725 4,100 250
Computer/information scientists 46,600 1,050 38,850 925 7,750 375 21,300 675 17,150 600 4,150 275 2,350 200 2,000 175 350 75 23,000 725 19,700 700 3,250 225
Postsecondary teachers, computer science 8,200 475 6,600 450 1,550 150 2,600 275 2,050 250 550 100 650 100 450 75 200 75 4,900 350 4,100 325 800 100
Mathematical scientists 38,350 900 27,600 775 10,750 400 12,400 575 7,950 450 4,450 325 3,100 225 2,350 200 750 75 22,850 725 17,300 675 5,550 275
Mathematical scientists 19,250 650 13,650 550 5,600 300 8,300 425 5,400 375 2,900 250 1,400 150 1,150 150 300 50 9,550 475 7,100 425 2,400 200
Postsecondary teachers, mathematics/statistics 19,100 550 13,950 500 5,150 300 4,100 325 2,500 250 1,550 225 1,700 150 1,250 150 500 75 13,300 475 10,200 450 3,100 225
Physical scientists 83,300 1,075 63,950 1,000 19,350 525 17,600 600 13,150 550 4,450 325 6,900 275 5,000 225 1,900 150 58,800 900 45,800 875 13,000 400
Chemists, except biochemists 20,300 650 15,600 575 4,750 275 5,900 375 4,500 325 1,400 175 1,900 200 1,250 150 650 125 12,550 525 9,850 500 2,650 200
Earth/atmospheric/ocean scientists 9,350 325 7,100 275 2,250 150 2,050 175 1,450 150 600 100 550 75 350 50 200 50 6,750 275 5,300 250 1,450 125
Physicists/astronomers 12,200 450 10,750 450 1,450 150 2,500 225 2,050 225 500 100 750 125 650 125 100 50 8,950 425 8,050 400 850 125
Postsecondary teachers, chemistry 15,550 575 10,350 525 5,200 275 2,450 250 1,550 225 900 150 1,750 150 1,200 150 550 75 11,350 475 7,600 425 3,750 225
Postsecondary teachers, physics 10,700 475 8,900 400 1,750 175 1,850 200 1,450 175 350 100 900 150 750 125 150 75 7,950 400 6,700 375 1,250 125
Postsecondary teachers, other physical sciences 7,850 300 5,600 275 2,300 150 750 125 550 125 200 50 550 75 400 50 200 50 6,550 250 4,650 225 1,900 150
Other physical scientists 7,300 400 5,650 350 1,650 200 2,050 250 1,600 225 450 100 500 100 400 100 100 50 4,750 300 3,650 275 1,150 150
Psychologists 74,150 875 30,150 800 44,050 800 3,900 325 1,050 200 2,850 250 8,550 350 2,750 200 5,800 300 61,750 900 26,350 850 35,350 725
Psychologists. 54,350 825 20,950 725 33,400 750 2,200 250 450 125 1,750 200 6,050 325 1,800 200 4,250 300 46,100 850 18,750 750 27,400 700
Postsecondary teachers, psychology 19,800 575 9,200 500 10,650 400 1,700 225 600 150 1,100 175 2,500 200 950 125 1,550 150 15,600 500 7,650 450 7,950 350
Social scientists 65,600 950 36,950 775 28,650 625 8,050 375 4,150 300 3,900 275 9,450 325 5,200 250 4,200 225 48,100 850 27,600 700 20,550 500
Economists 8,700 425 6,150 350 2,550 250 2,100 225 1,100 175 1,000 175 1,150 150 950 150 200 50 5,450 325 4,150 300 1,300 150
Political scientists 1,550 225 1,000 175 600 125 D D D D D D 250 75 150 75 100 50 1,250 225 850 175 400 125
Postsecondary teachers, economics 10,050 400 7,550 350 2,500 200 1,550 175 950 150 600 125 1,150 150 850 125 250 50 7,400 350 5,750 300 1,650 150
Postsecondary teachers, political science 10,250 450 7,100 400 3,150 250 850 150 700 150 150 75 1,150 175 700 125 450 125 8,200 425 5,700 375 2,500 225
Postsecondary teachers, sociology 8,050 375 3,550 250 4,500 250 750 125 350 100 400 100 1,550 150 850 125 700 100 5,800 300 2,400 225 3,400 225
Postsecondary teachers, other social sciences 16,050 475 7,800 400 8,200 350 1,650 175 850 125 800 125 2,500 200 1,200 150 1,300 125 11,900 425 5,750 350 6,150 325
Sociologists/anthropologists 3,150 225 1,100 150 2,100 175 250 100 S S 150 75 450 75 150 75 250 50 2,500 225 850 125 1,650 175
Other social scientists 7,800 300 2,700 225 5,100 250 900 150 150 75 750 125 1,250 150 350 100 900 125 5,650 300 2,200 200 3,450 225
Engineering occupations 107,900 1,250 90,950 1,125 16,950 500 44,200 925 36,550 875 7,650 350 8,250 325 6,750 300 1,550 125 55,450 825 47,650 825 7,750 325
Aerospace, Aeronautical, and Astronautical Engineering 6,650 400 5,950 425 700 125 1,950 250 1,750 250 200 75 450 100 400 100 100 50 4,250 300 3,850 300 400 100
Chemical engineers 7,450 400 5,850 375 1,600 175 3,550 300 2,800 275 750 125 450 100 350 75 100 50 3,400 300 2,700 275 700 125
Civil/architectural/sanitary engineers 5,350 325 4,600 350 750 125 2,000 225 1,650 225 350 100 600 100 500 100 100 50 2,800 275 2,450 275 300 75
Electrical engineers 22,050 675 19,500 600 2,550 250 11,300 500 9,500 425 1,800 225 1,500 150 1,350 150 150 50 9,250 450 8,650 425 600 100
Industrial engineersb 1,200 175 900 175 300 75 550 125 350 125 200 75 100 25 100 25 50 25 550 125 500 125 50 50
Mechanical engineers 10,900 475 9,850 450 1,050 125 5,550 400 5,050 375 500 100 750 125 650 125 100 50 4,550 325 4,150 300 450 100
Postsecondary teachers, engineering 24,450 875 20,250 850 4,200 250 7,200 500 6,150 500 1,050 150 2,200 200 1,750 200 400 75 15,050 625 12,350 550 2,700 200
Other engineers 29,900 850 24,050 800 5,850 300 12,100 550 9,350 500 2,750 250 2,250 200 1,650 175 600 75 15,550 550 13,050 525 2,500 200
S&E-related occupations 97,650 1,375 56,600 1,100 41,050 850 21,900 725 14,250 600 7,650 400 9,550 375 4,700 275 4,850 250 66,250 1,100 37,650 875 28,550 750
Health occupations, except postsecondary teachers and managers 33,850 850 17,500 575 16,350 600 8,150 425 4,450 350 3,700 325 3,800 300 1,650 175 2,150 200 21,900 750 11,350 525 10,550 500
Postsecondary teachers, health and related sciences 21,400 725 8,650 500 12,700 500 3,150 275 1,800 200 1,400 175 2,400 175 900 100 1,500 150 15,800 625 5,950 450 9,850 450
S&E managers, including health 30,350 750 22,000 675 8,350 425 6,950 425 5,250 375 1,700 200 2,200 200 1,450 150 750 125 21,200 625 15,300 600 5,950 325
S&E precollege teachers 5,250 350 2,850 250 2,400 250 350 100 200 75 150 50 700 125 300 75 400 100 4,250 325 2,350 250 1,850 200
S&E technicians and technologists 5,750 400 4,700 375 1,050 150 2,850 275 2,250 250 600 125 300 100 250 75 50 25 2,550 275 2,200 250 350 100
Other S&E-related occupations 1,100 150 900 150 200 75 400 100 300 100 150 50 150 75 100 75 D D 550 125 500 125 S S
Non-S&E occupations 148,800 1,775 90,800 1,375 57,950 1,000 27,200 900 17,950 700 9,250 500 16,550 475 8,550 375 8,050 300 105,000 1,400 64,350 1,200 40,700 800
Arts/humanities-related occupations 7,750 425 3,400 300 4,350 275 750 125 200 75 550 125 650 125 250 75 350 100 6,400 400 2,950 300 3,400 250
Management-related occupations 26,100 850 15,450 625 10,700 525 6,350 425 4,000 350 2,400 250 3,100 275 1,500 200 1,600 175 16,650 600 9,950 500 6,700 375
Non-S&E managers 61,150 975 42,750 950 18,450 525 11,100 575 8,300 475 2,800 275 6,150 275 3,700 225 2,450 175 43,900 825 30,700 825 13,150 475
Non-S&E postsecondary teachers 18,350 575 9,850 425 8,500 400 2,650 275 1,450 200 1,200 175 2,250 175 1,150 150 1,150 125 13,450 500 7,250 350 6,200 350
Non-S&E precollege/other teachers 5,050 300 2,000 225 3,050 250 600 150 300 100 300 100 700 100 200 75 500 100 3,750 275 1,500 200 2,250 225
Sales/marketing occupations 9,750 575 6,350 450 3,400 275 3,000 300 2,050 250 950 175 1,000 150 500 125 500 100 5,750 400 3,800 325 2,000 200
Social service–related occupations 6,400 425 2,650 275 3,750 300 600 150 450 125 150 75 1,300 175 500 100 800 125 4,500 375 1,700 250 2,800 275
Other non-S&E occupations 14,150 650 8,400 500 5,750 375 2,100 275 1,200 225 900 150 1,350 175 700 125 650 125 10,700 550 6,450 450 4,200 300
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
S&E = science and engineering; SE = standard error.
a Other minority includes Hispanic or Latino; non-Hispanic or Latino American Indian or Alaska Native, black or African American, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; and respondents reporting more than one race. Detail for Other minority can be found in table 38.
b From 1999 to 2008, data for Industrial engineers were mislabeled as “Materials/metallurgical engineers.” For all years, data in this category have included only industrial engineers. For all years, data on Materials/metallurgical engineers have been included only in Other engineers.
NOTES: Numbers are rounded to the nearest 50. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest 25. Detail may not add to total because of rounding. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.