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Table 50. Median annual salaries of U.S. residing full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers, by field of doctorate, ethnicity, race, and sex: 2017

(Dollars)

Field of study All full-time employed Hispanic or Latinoa Not Hispanic or Latinob
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American White Other racec
Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female Total Male Female
Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE
All fields 110,000 500 120,000 500 95,000 500 100,000 1,500 109,000 1,500 85,000 2,000 92,000 5,500 97,000 7,500 86,000 7,000 118,000 2,000 120,000 2,500 100,000 1,000 95,000 1,500 102,000 3,000 88,000 2,000 110,000 500 120,000 500 94,000 1,500 100,000 2,000 107,000 4,500 91,000 3,500
Science 104,000 1,000 114,000 1,500 92,000 1,000 95,000 2,000 105,000 2,500 83,000 2,000 85,000 6,500 90,000 11,000 79,000 6,500 107,000 2,500 115,000 3,000 100,000 2,500 90,000 1,000 100,000 1,000 84,000 2,000 105,000 500 115,000 500 92,000 1,000 95,000 4,000 100,000 3,500 90,000 2,000
Biological, agricultural, and environmental life sciences 100,000 500 109,000 500 92,000 2,000 95,000 2,500 104,000 2,000 80,000 1,500 94,000 6,500 94,000 9,000 94,000 21,500 100,000 500 100,000 2,000 94,000 3,000 95,000 5,000 100,000 4,000 81,000 3,000 103,000 1,500 111,000 2,500 92,000 2,000 90,000 6,000 95,000 8,000 80,000 7,500
Agricultural and food sciences 106,000 3,000 110,000 1,500 95,000 4,500 92,000 8,000 94,000 12,500 91,000 8,000 D D D D D D 99,000 1,000 99,000 4,500 97,000 10,500 104,000 7,500 104,000 6,000 99,000 20,000 110,000 2,000 116,000 4,000 94,000 4,000 117,000 14,500 151,000 28,500 69,000 13,000
Biochemistry and biophysics 109,000 2,000 110,000 3,000 105,000 5,000 107,000 4,500 111,000 10,000 88,000 17,000 D D D D D D 100,000 7,500 99,000 7,000 108,000 12,000 84,000 17,500 101,000 5,500 71,000 3,500 110,000 4,500 115,000 6,500 105,000 5,000 101,000 20,500 95,000 20,000 128,000 60,500
Cell, cellular biology, and molecular biology 101,000 2,500 110,000 5,500 93,000 3,500 98,000 9,000 138,000 7,000 76,000 9,000 D D D D D D 99,000 3,500 104,000 7,500 95,000 5,500 95,000 10,500 99,000 14,500 87,000 15,500 104,000 3,500 110,000 6,000 93,000 4,000 82,000 14,500 81,000 19,000 82,000 17,000
Microbiological sciences and immunology 105,000 3,000 115,000 5,500 92,000 3,000 95,000 6,500 109,000 10,000 80,000 6,500 D D D D D D 101,000 5,500 125,000 12,500 91,000 7,500 100,000 7,000 104,000 24,000 80,000 7,500 106,000 3,500 115,000 6,000 96,000 3,500 94,000 11,500 98,000 20,000 90,000 15,000
Natural resources and conservation 91,000 3,000 99,000 1,500 79,000 2,500 75,000 4,500 80,000 9,500 72,000 4,000 80,000 16,500 * * D D 99,000 8,500 100,000 16,500 90,000 5,500 79,000 5,500 84,000 8,000 74,000 8,500 91,000 3,500 100,000 2,500 75,000 4,000 112,000 25,500 132,000 36,500 87,000 18,000
Zoology 98,000 3,000 100,000 3,000 74,000 5,500 99,000 6,000 103,000 10,500 88,000 15,000 D D D D D D 85,000 9,000 87,000 5,000 72,000 15,500 89,000 29,000 110,000 18,500 D D 99,000 3,000 101,000 3,500 75,000 5,500 D D D D D D
Other biological sciences 100,000 500 107,000 2,500 90,000 1,000 89,000 3,500 100,000 3,000 79,000 4,000 85,000 12,000 D D 88,000 30,000 98,000 4,000 99,000 1,500 93,000 3,500 89,000 4,500 100,000 7,500 82,000 6,000 100,000 1,500 112,000 3,500 90,000 2,500 81,000 9,500 87,000 10,500 72,000 12,000
Computer and information sciences 139,000 4,000 140,000 3,500 119,000 7,000 128,000 10,500 128,000 13,000 126,000 27,500 D D D D D D 144,000 6,000 147,000 4,000 124,000 6,500 98,000 13,500 106,000 17,500 84,000 15,500 135,000 5,500 140,000 2,500 111,000 11,000 156,000 10,000 158,000 12,500 S S
Mathematics and statistics 108,000 3,500 110,000 1,500 100,000 4,000 96,000 14,000 105,000 19,000 71,000 2,500 D D D D D D 120,000 5,000 124,000 6,500 101,000 7,000 90,000 8,500 95,000 14,000 84,000 4,000 102,000 3,000 106,000 3,500 91,000 6,000 100,000 10,500 99,000 10,500 93,000 25,500
Physical sciences, geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 114,000 2,500 120,000 1,000 98,000 2,000 100,000 3,500 110,000 6,000 84,000 5,000 140,000 41,500 154,000 43,500 * * 110,000 3,000 116,000 3,500 100,000 2,000 92,000 5,500 100,000 7,500 84,000 8,500 115,000 500 120,000 500 96,000 2,000 103,000 3,500 104,000 6,500 101,000 7,000
Astronomy and astrophysics 104,000 6,000 106,000 6,000 94,000 7,500 83,000 3,500 84,000 4,000 D D D D D D D D 83,000 16,000 86,000 13,500 S S S S D D D D 108,000 4,000 109,000 5,500 98,000 5,000 111,000 22,500 D D D D
Chemistry, except biochemistry 110,000 2,000 116,000 3,000 99,000 2,500 100,000 2,500 110,000 8,000 85,000 4,000 168,000 36,500 S S D D 110,000 2,500 110,000 4,000 103,000 4,500 90,000 4,000 95,000 5,000 85,000 9,000 115,000 1,500 120,000 1,000 97,000 2,500 103,000 4,500 100,000 9,000 105,000 3,500
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 102,000 3,000 110,000 2,000 90,000 1,500 92,000 4,000 97,000 5,000 78,000 3,500 * * * * D D 100,000 2,500 105,000 6,500 88,000 3,500 85,000 5,500 83,000 5,500 89,000 13,500 105,000 2,000 110,000 2,000 90,000 2,000 95,000 12,000 121,000 20,000 77,000 4,000
Physics 121,000 2,500 125,000 2,000 102,000 4,500 117,000 9,500 119,000 7,500 80,000 14,500 D D D D D D 120,000 1,500 120,000 2,500 107,000 9,500 101,000 7,500 106,000 9,000 65,000 28,500 125,000 2,500 127,000 3,000 102,000 4,500 103,000 9,500 104,000 12,500 94,000 32,000
Psychology 98,000 1,500 108,000 2,000 90,000 500 88,000 3,500 90,000 6,000 84,000 3,500 75,000 6,500 63,000 24,000 80,000 5,000 84,000 3,000 85,000 6,000 83,000 3,500 85,000 3,500 97,000 8,000 83,000 3,000 100,000 500 109,000 500 90,000 2,500 92,000 9,000 98,000 11,500 90,000 5,500
Social sciences 99,000 1,500 105,000 3,000 90,000 1,000 93,000 2,500 104,000 7,500 84,000 4,000 74,000 7,000 73,000 13,500 72,000 7,500 100,000 2,000 100,000 3,000 100,000 3,500 90,000 1,500 96,000 6,000 86,000 4,000 100,000 500 110,000 2,000 89,000 2,000 90,000 4,500 94,000 9,000 88,000 5,500
Economics 135,000 5,000 140,000 4,000 120,000 3,000 142,000 7,500 144,000 7,500 129,000 14,000 D D D D D D 127,000 8,500 138,000 14,000 119,000 5,000 110,000 14,000 107,000 13,500 128,000 19,500 135,000 5,500 142,000 5,000 119,000 4,500 111,000 20,500 92,000 11,000 118,000 24,500
Political science and government 95,000 2,000 96,000 3,500 94,000 4,500 88,000 5,000 87,000 5,000 89,000 8,000 D D D D D D 78,000 9,500 71,000 8,500 94,000 6,500 90,000 6,000 89,000 13,500 90,000 5,000 98,000 4,000 99,000 3,500 94,000 5,500 89,000 14,000 86,000 25,500 D D
Sociology, demography, and population studies 87,000 3,000 95,000 4,000 81,000 2,000 85,000 5,000 85,000 5,500 85,000 7,000 D D D D D D 79,000 7,000 88,000 17,000 77,000 7,000 83,000 4,000 84,000 6,000 80,000 7,500 89,000 2,500 101,000 5,500 82,000 2,500 75,000 6,000 74,000 12,500 71,000 14,500
Other social sciences 85,000 1,000 90,000 2,000 80,000 2,500 76,000 3,000 77,000 3,500 72,000 4,000 70,000 7,000 S S 72,000 5,500 84,000 5,000 82,000 7,500 83,000 6,500 87,000 3,500 104,000 7,500 77,000 5,000 85,000 2,000 90,000 1,500 83,000 3,500 89,000 8,000 102,000 7,500 80,000 10,000
Engineering 129,000 1,500 130,000 500 112,000 2,000 119,000 4,000 120,000 4,000 105,000 4,500 126,000 17,500 130,000 18,000 D D 126,000 2,500 130,000 500 116,000 4,000 114,000 4,500 116,000 5,000 109,000 6,000 130,000 1,000 135,000 1,500 109,000 2,000 129,000 5,500 131,000 7,000 124,000 10,500
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 135,000 7,000 137,000 7,500 125,000 7,500 105,000 23,500 126,000 34,000 D D D D D D D D 132,000 6,500 132,000 11,500 127,000 19,000 S S D D D D 137,000 6,000 138,000 6,500 131,000 11,500 S S D D D D
Chemical engineering 129,000 2,000 134,000 2,500 114,000 5,000 109,000 6,500 107,000 6,000 116,000 10,000 D D D D D D 124,000 6,500 130,000 4,000 115,000 6,500 136,000 17,000 152,000 23,000 130,000 18,000 135,000 5,000 139,000 4,500 111,000 5,500 148,000 26,000 155,000 23,000 D D
Civil engineering 110,000 2,000 114,000 3,000 95,000 4,500 100,000 9,000 109,000 7,500 96,000 11,500 D D D D D D 104,000 5,500 108,000 3,500 87,000 11,000 89,000 11,500 96,000 10,500 80,000 22,000 115,000 3,000 120,000 5,500 99,000 3,500 102,000 4,000 101,000 7,000 D D
Electrical and computer engineering 140,000 1,000 144,000 3,000 124,000 5,500 145,000 9,000 146,000 8,000 115,000 7,500 D D D D D D 140,000 1,500 143,000 4,000 129,000 4,500 130,000 7,000 130,000 6,500 127,000 17,500 140,000 3,500 144,000 4,000 119,000 3,000 146,000 4,500 146,000 9,000 D D
Mechanical engineering 120,000 3,000 124,000 3,500 112,000 5,000 106,000 9,500 110,000 11,000 D D D D D D D D 120,000 2,500 120,000 3,500 119,000 5,500 106,000 6,000 105,000 5,500 D D 128,000 6,500 129,000 4,000 104,000 4,500 128,000 64,000 S S D D
Metallurgical and materials engineering 124,000 3,500 125,000 4,500 120,000 4,000 130,000 8,500 131,000 8,500 122,000 11,500 D D D D D D 119,000 3,500 118,000 4,500 117,000 5,000 105,000 14,500 119,000 17,000 D D 130,000 1,000 130,000 3,500 124,000 9,000 116,000 11,500 S S D D
Other engineering 123,000 3,000 129,000 1,000 107,000 3,000 112,000 6,500 114,000 7,500 101,000 7,000 D D D D D D 123,000 4,000 129,000 1,000 108,000 4,500 115,000 7,000 117,000 7,000 104,000 15,500 125,000 3,000 130,000 2,500 108,000 4,000 104,000 8,500 107,000 12,000 101,000 9,000
Health 104,000 1,500 115,000 3,500 99,000 1,000 94,000 6,000 104,000 8,000 89,000 10,000 92,000 20,000 S S S S 110,000 5,000 118,000 4,000 100,000 5,500 96,000 2,000 105,000 11,000 96,000 1,500 105,000 2,500 115,000 3,500 100,000 2,000 100,000 9,500 99,000 27,000 99,000 11,500
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
a Hispanic or Latino may be of any race
b American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, black or African American, and white are single race.
c Other race includes Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander and persons reporting more than one race who are not of Hispanic or Latino ethnicity.
NOTES: Median annual salaries are for principal job and are rounded to nearest $1,000. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest $500. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.