Back to Data Tables
Excel icon Download to excel

Table 59. Median annual salaries of U.S. residing full-time employed doctoral scientists and engineers in 4-year educational institutions, by field of doctorate, sex, and faculty rank: 2017

(Dollars)

Field of study and sex All full-time employed Full professor Associate professor Assistant professor Instructor or lecturer All other faculty Rank not applicable
Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE Median salary SE
All fields 90,000 500 126,000 2,000 90,000 500 79,000 1,500 63,000 2,000 65,000 9,000 60,000 500
Male 95,000 1,500 130,000 500 93,000 1,000 80,000 1,500 67,000 3,500 66,000 12,000 63,000 1,500
Female 81,000 1,500 117,000 2,500 88,000 1,500 76,000 1,500 60,000 2,000 54,000 17,500 58,000 1,000
Science 88,000 1,000 123,000 2,000 89,000 1,000 76,000 1,500 60,000 2,000 64,000 12,000 60,000 500
Male 94,000 1,500 128,000 3,000 90,000 500 78,000 1,500 65,000 2,000 60,000 12,000 62,000 1,500
Female 80,000 1,000 113,000 3,000 85,000 1,000 75,000 1,000 58,000 2,500 54,000 17,500 57,000 1,000
Biological, agricultural, and environmental life sciences 84,000 1,500 140,000 5,500 95,000 2,000 82,000 1,500 60,000 1,000 51,000 7,500 54,000 1,000
Male 92,000 2,000 145,000 5,000 100,000 3,000 85,000 2,500 59,000 2,000 48,000 9,000 55,000 1,000
Female 72,000 1,500 121,000 4,000 90,000 2,500 79,000 2,000 60,000 1,000 59,000 13,500 53,000 1,000
Agricultural and food sciences 94,000 3,000 120,000 2,500 90,000 2,500 77,000 2,000 65,000 10,000 S S 60,000 5,000
Male 100,000 1,000 122,000 4,500 89,000 4,000 77,000 1,500 65,000 12,500 D D 69,000 10,000
Female 80,000 2,000 114,000 5,500 90,000 3,500 80,000 2,000 63,000 13,000 S S 53,000 3,500
Biochemistry and biophysics 82,000 5,500 150,000 10,500 103,000 5,500 76,000 4,000 53,000 5,000 D D 55,000 1,500
Male 88,000 7,000 155,000 19,500 104,000 6,000 76,000 7,000 51,000 5,000 D D 55,000 3,000
Female 73,000 3,000 144,000 10,500 99,000 10,000 74,000 7,000 S S D D 52,000 3,000
Cell, cellular biology, and molecular biology 82,000 3,500 150,000 13,000 107,000 5,000 79,000 3,500 64,000 11,500 D D 53,000 2,000
Male 90,000 5,500 169,000 12,500 117,000 6,000 87,000 9,000 70,000 18,500 D D 55,000 5,000
Female 69,000 2,000 130,000 5,000 90,000 10,500 75,000 4,000 53,000 14,000 D D 52,000 1,500
Microbiological sciences and immunology 80,000 2,500 143,000 9,500 100,000 5,000 87,000 5,000 69,000 10,500 D D 54,000 1,000
Male 94,000 7,000 158,000 14,000 143,000 39,500 93,000 11,000 S S D D 52,000 2,000
Female 70,000 3,500 111,000 15,000 87,000 7,500 81,000 6,000 59,000 7,500 D D 54,000 1,500
Natural resources and conservation 82,000 2,500 122,000 17,000 80,000 2,000 67,000 4,500 60,000 2,500 D D 60,000 7,000
Male 90,000 3,500 135,000 20,000 79,000 3,500 70,000 6,000 54,000 4,500 D D 68,000 8,500
Female 71,000 3,000 103,000 9,500 80,000 2,000 66,000 3,500 65,000 10,000 D D 52,000 5,000
Zoology 89,000 2,500 114,000 7,500 78,000 4,500 71,000 9,500 51,000 15,500 D D 49,000 6,000
Male 98,000 5,000 119,000 8,500 77,000 5,000 83,000 16,000 D D D D 68,000 20,000
Female 70,000 3,500 94,000 6,000 75,000 6,000 67,000 3,500 D D D D 47,000 2,000
Other biological sciences 82,000 2,000 142,000 5,000 95,000 3,000 85,000 2,000 60,000 3,500 63,000 16,000 54,000 1,000
Male 90,000 1,000 149,000 4,500 99,000 5,000 90,000 2,000 60,000 8,500 S S 54,000 1,500
Female 74,000 2,000 119,000 4,500 94,000 4,000 81,000 2,500 60,000 3,000 62,000 16,500 54,000 1,500
Computer and information sciences 104,000 3,000 138,000 7,000 103,000 3,500 91,000 3,000 74,000 7,000 D D 86,000 7,500
Male 108,000 4,000 138,000 8,000 105,000 4,000 95,000 3,000 78,000 13,500 D D 87,000 9,000
Female 90,000 2,000 127,000 15,500 93,000 8,000 80,000 7,500 70,000 6,000 D D 83,000 12,500
Mathematics and statistics 90,000 1,500 110,000 3,000 83,000 2,500 72,000 2,500 62,000 4,000 D D 62,000 2,500
Male 92,000 2,500 110,000 4,500 85,000 3,500 70,000 3,000 64,000 3,000 D D 62,000 4,000
Female 79,000 2,000 102,000 8,500 80,000 3,000 74,000 1,000 55,000 2,000 D D 57,000 8,000
Physical sciences, geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 86,000 2,500 119,000 1,000 85,000 2,500 74,000 2,000 64,000 5,000 55,000 12,500 62,000 2,000
Male 90,000 1,500 120,000 4,000 85,000 2,500 75,000 2,500 75,000 6,500 64,000 10,000 65,000 2,500
Female 75,000 1,500 108,000 5,500 82,000 4,000 70,000 1,500 55,000 4,000 D D 54,000 1,000
Astronomy and astrophysics 87,000 3,000 131,000 9,500 82,000 4,500 77,000 9,500 62,000 7,000 D D 69,000 1,000
Male 90,000 3,500 138,000 6,500 81,000 7,000 70,000 8,000 D D D D 70,000 11,000
Female 79,000 4,500 103,000 10,000 D D 86,000 7,000 D D D D 64,000 9,500
Chemistry, except biochemistry 79,000 1,500 113,000 5,500 80,000 2,000 67,000 3,500 61,000 4,000 D D 54,000 2,000
Male 84,000 3,000 118,000 5,500 81,000 3,500 69,000 4,000 77,000 21,000 D D 59,000 3,000
Female 68,000 2,500 97,000 8,000 77,000 2,500 59,000 3,000 57,000 6,000 D D 52,000 1,000
Geosciences, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 90,000 1,500 116,000 2,500 82,000 3,500 73,000 2,000 59,000 3,000 S S 75,000 4,000
Male 92,000 2,000 116,000 3,000 82,000 4,000 75,000 2,000 74,000 11,500 D D 81,000 5,500
Female 79,000 1,500 115,000 5,500 84,000 4,000 70,000 3,000 55,000 2,500 D D 64,000 4,000
Physics 95,000 3,500 125,000 5,500 98,000 5,500 85,000 5,000 73,000 7,000 S S 63,000 2,500
Male 98,000 3,500 125,000 5,500 96,000 6,000 88,000 5,000 74,000 4,000 S S 63,000 3,000
Female 89,000 4,500 110,000 28,000 99,000 4,000 78,000 6,500 48,000 22,000 D D 66,000 7,500
Psychology 87,000 1,500 117,000 4,000 86,000 2,500 74,000 2,000 58,000 4,500 D D 73,000 4,000
Male 98,000 4,000 120,000 3,000 90,000 2,500 73,000 3,000 76,000 14,000 D D 73,000 5,500
Female 82,000 1,500 105,000 5,000 84,000 1,500 74,000 2,500 52,000 3,000 D D 74,000 4,000
Social sciences 90,000 500 120,000 1,500 85,000 500 70,000 1,500 59,000 4,000 D D 75,000 4,000
Male 95,000 1,500 123,000 4,000 86,000 2,500 70,000 2,500 61,000 5,500 S S 81,000 7,500
Female 83,000 2,000 114,000 4,500 83,000 2,500 71,000 1,500 57,000 5,000 D D 70,000 4,500
Economics 114,000 4,500 143,000 6,000 100,000 3,500 97,000 4,500 79,000 4,000 D D 116,000 10,000
Male 120,000 3,500 144,000 6,000 100,000 4,500 100,000 6,500 77,000 27,000 D D 118,000 6,000
Female 100,000 4,500 136,000 13,500 99,000 3,500 89,000 4,500 79,000 3,500 D D 88,000 28,000
Political science and government 89,000 1,500 120,000 8,500 80,000 5,000 68,000 2,500 61,000 20,000 D D 94,000 1,000
Male 90,000 3,000 118,000 9,500 82,000 4,000 66,000 3,000 S S D D 94,000 1,000
Female 87,000 3,500 124,000 11,000 74,000 5,000 79,000 6,000 67,000 26,000 D D 87,000 15,000
Sociology, demography, and population studies 82,000 2,000 117,000 7,500 77,000 3,500 67,000 1,500 54,000 7,500 D D 68,000 10,000
Male 90,000 3,500 121,000 12,500 78,000 4,000 66,000 3,000 S S D D 82,000 30,000
Female 77,000 2,500 113,000 11,000 75,000 3,000 68,000 1,500 51,000 6,000 D D 60,000 4,000
Other social sciences 80,000 1,000 108,000 3,000 81,000 2,500 68,000 2,000 54,000 3,000 D D 66,000 2,500
Male 82,000 3,000 110,000 2,000 80,000 2,500 65,000 2,000 55,000 5,500 D D 64,000 1,500
Female 80,000 1,500 102,000 3,000 83,000 3,000 70,000 1,000 53,000 4,000 D D 70,000 4,000
Engineering 100,000 500 140,000 4,000 100,000 1,500 87,000 2,000 77,000 4,000 D D 65,000 2,000
Male 100,000 2,500 140,000 5,500 100,000 1,000 88,000 2,500 78,000 6,500 S S 66,000 4,000
Female 93,000 2,500 135,000 7,000 104,000 4,500 85,000 2,000 75,000 5,000 D D 59,000 2,000
Aerospace, aeronautical, and astronautical engineering 101,000 8,500 121,000 27,000 103,000 6,500 94,000 8,500 S S D D 68,000 17,500
Male 104,000 7,000 120,000 30,000 104,000 6,000 92,000 9,500 D D D D 68,000 18,500
Female 79,000 15,000 D D D D D D D D D D D D
Chemical engineering 99,000 5,000 146,000 15,500 99,000 1,500 89,000 1,000 D D D D 59,000 5,000
Male 99,000 3,000 143,000 18,000 99,000 2,500 89,000 1,000 D D D D 59,000 5,000
Female 90,000 10,000 186,000 43,000 D D 95,000 8,000 D D D D 52,000 17,000
Civil engineering 99,000 1,500 145,000 8,500 99,000 3,000 85,000 3,000 87,000 5,000 D D 83,000 10,000
Male 100,000 3,000 145,000 8,000 99,000 3,500 86,000 2,500 S S D D 92,000 11,500
Female 90,000 5,000 132,000 13,500 99,000 7,500 79,000 6,000 85,000 13,000 D D 68,000 4,500
Electrical and computer engineering 106,000 5,000 138,000 4,500 98,000 2,000 86,000 2,000 92,000 21,500 D D 85,000 10,000
Male 104,000 6,000 141,000 6,500 99,000 2,000 86,000 1,500 105,000 23,500 D D 75,000 15,500
Female 109,000 9,500 121,000 6,500 93,000 4,500 91,000 3,000 D D D D 117,000 14,500
Mechanical engineering 100,000 2,000 125,000 7,000 101,000 2,500 88,000 4,000 D D D D 73,000 9,000
Male 99,000 3,000 124,000 4,500 100,000 1,500 86,000 4,000 D D D D 74,000 6,000
Female 100,000 4,000 203,000 75,500 106,000 4,000 100,000 3,000 D D D D 55,000 9,500
Metallurgical and materials engineering 93,000 4,500 147,000 9,000 100,000 4,500 80,000 4,000 D D D D 64,000 4,000
Male 96,000 5,500 146,000 10,500 100,000 5,000 81,000 6,500 D D D D 63,000 6,000
Female 85,000 4,500 151,000 30,000 87,000 23,000 69,000 11,500 D D D D 78,000 20,000
Other engineering 100,000 2,500 147,000 4,000 107,000 4,500 89,000 2,000 69,000 4,500 D D 58,000 2,000
Male 104,000 6,000 148,000 5,000 107,000 6,000 92,000 3,500 62,000 6,000 D D 61,000 5,500
Female 88,000 3,000 141,000 12,500 106,000 6,500 84,000 2,500 86,000 7,500 D D 52,000 2,500
Health 91,000 2,000 133,000 6,000 94,000 3,000 79,000 2,000 68,000 9,500 D D 69,000 8,000
Male 95,000 3,000 144,000 8,500 95,000 3,500 80,000 2,000 68,000 20,000 D D 56,000 4,000
Female 90,000 1,000 120,000 11,000 91,000 3,500 77,000 2,500 63,000 12,000 D D 79,000 5,500
Codes used in data tables: * = suppressed when population estimate < 25. D = suppressed to avoid disclosure of confidential information. na = not applicable. S = suppressed for reliability; coefficient of variation exceeds publication standards.
SE = standard error.
NOTES: Median annual salaries are for principal job and are rounded to nearest $1,000. Standard errors are rounded up to the nearest $500. Four-year educational institutions include 4-year colleges or universities, medical schools (including university-affiliated hospitals or medical centers), and university-affiliated research institutes. Residence location is based on reported living location on 1 February 2017.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Doctorate Recipients: 2017.