Table 2. Summary of federal obligations and outlays for research, development, and R&D plant, by type of R&D, performer, and field of science and engineering: FYs 2013–16

(Dollars in millions)

Type of R&D, performer, and field 2013 2014 Preliminary
2015 % change 2014–15 2016 % change 2015–16
Outlays for R&D and R&D plant 129,010.1 130,626.9 131,592.2 0.7 139,656.6 6.1
R&D 127,150.6 128,382.9 129,209.8 0.6 136,900.8 6.0
R&D plant 1,859.5 2,243.9 2,382.4 6.2 2,755.8 15.7
Obligations for R&D and R&D plant 127,291.1 132,496.3 132,751.8 0.2 140,479.1 5.8
R&D 125,386.0 130,278.7 129,435.0 -0.6 137,658.9 6.4
Performer
Intramurala 32,963.1 34,736.1 33,373.7 -3.9 35,741.3 7.1
Industry 49,538.1 50,236.5 50,580.4 0.7 54,674.7 8.1
Industry-administered FFRDCs 3,796.1 4,207.5 4,558.1 8.3 4,354.4 -4.5
Universities and colleges 25,772.0 27,429.3 27,736.6 1.1 28,556.7 3.0
University-administered FFRDCs 3,711.7 3,800.8 3,661.8 -3.7 4,116.6 12.4
Other nonprofit institutions 5,915.0 6,134.9 6,037.3 -1.6 6,306.3 4.5
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs 2,571.9 2,557.1 2,366.2 -7.5 2,823.4 19.3
State and local governments 385.6 446.4 476.1 6.7 465.3 -2.3
Foreign 732.4 730.1 644.6 -11.7 620.2 -3.8
Research 59,198.2 62,908.8 63,419.9 0.8 66,169.4 4.3
Performer
Intramurala 13,416.8 14,305.6 14,747.5 3.1 15,178.5 2.9
Industry 7,365.5 8,057.5 7,935.2 -1.5 8,297.8 4.6
Industry-administered FFRDCs 2,713.8 3,217.5 3,445.1 7.1 3,558.4 3.3
Universities and colleges 24,771.7 26,110.1 26,382.9 1.0 27,203.6 3.1
University-administered FFRDCs 3,089.7 3,090.9 2,885.8 -6.6 3,355.2 16.3
Other nonprofit institutions 5,445.5 5,648.4 5,652.6 0.1 5,862.4 3.7
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs 1,686.8 1,725.7 1,599.9 -7.3 1,954.0 22.1
State and local governments 313.5 394.7 427.5 8.3 418.9 -2.0
Foreign 394.8 358.5 343.5 -4.2 340.6 -0.8
Field of science and engineering
Computer sciences and mathematics 3,427.0 3,883.2 4,179.8 7.6 4,430.8 6.0
Engineering 10,948.2 11,887.5 11,768.6 -1.0 12,780.5 8.6
Environmental sciences 4,041.0 4,365.8 4,384.6 0.4 4,607.7 5.1
Life sciences 29,328.4 30,668.2 30,972.7 1.0 31,901.1 3.0
Physical sciences 6,281.9 6,483.1 6,486.9 0.1 6,492.9 0.1
Psychology 1,935.2 1,968.0 2,016.4 2.5 2,050.7 1.7
Social sciences 1,237.3 1,435.1 1,284.0 -10.5 1,429.7 11.3
Other sciences nec 1,999.3 2,217.9 2,326.8 4.9 2,476.1 6.4
Basic research 29,779.4 31,587.9 31,924.9 1.1 33,042.2 3.5
Performer
Intramurala 5,217.2 5,669.4 6,221.7 9.7 6,025.1 -3.2
Industry 2,052.3 2,516.0 2,559.1 1.7 2,704.5 5.7
Industry-administered FFRDCs 463.3 459.1 406.5 -11.4 426.6 4.9
Universities and colleges 14,950.2 15,654.7 15,745.1 0.6 16,201.5 2.9
University-administered FFRDCs 2,738.5 2,744.3 2,538.9 -7.5 2,946.1 16.0
Other nonprofit institutions 2,999.8 3,124.8 3,134.1 0.3 3,242.4 3.5
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs 1,099.9 1,156.6 1,066.2 -7.8 1,234.7 15.8
State and local governments 66.0 78.0 78.2 0.2 83.0 6.1
Foreign 192.3 185.0 174.9 -5.5 178.4 2.0
Field of science and engineering
Computer sciences and mathematics 1,690.8 1,917.7 2,054.1 7.1 2,182.3 6.2
Engineering 3,407.5 3,544.6 3,467.9 -2.2 3,677.8 6.1
Environmental sciences 2,395.8 2,753.0 2,763.5 0.4 2,928.2 6.0
Life sciences 15,317.3 16,019.0 16,135.2 0.7 16,586.9 2.8
Physical sciences 4,432.2 4,637.5 4,699.3 1.3 4,780.4 1.7
Psychology 1,016.0 1,037.6 1,069.2 3.0 1,071.9 0.2
Social sciences 373.8 386.1 416.0 7.7 427.1 2.7
Other sciences nec 1,145.8 1,292.5 1,319.7 2.1 1,387.6 5.1
Applied research 29,418.8 31,320.9 31,495.0 0.6 33,127.2 5.2
Performer
Intramurala 8,199.6 8,636.2 8,525.8 -1.3 9,153.4 7.4
Industry 5,313.3 5,541.5 5,376.1 -3.0 5,593.3 4.0
Industry-administered FFRDCs 2,250.5 2,758.4 3,038.6 10.2 3,131.8 3.1
Universities and colleges 9,821.6 10,455.4 10,637.8 1.7 11,002.2 3.4
University-administered FFRDCs 351.1 346.6 346.9 0.1 409.1 17.9
Other nonprofit institutions 2,445.8 2,523.6 2,518.5 -0.2 2,620.0 4.0
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs 587.0 569.1 533.7 -6.2 719.3 34.8
State and local governments 247.5 316.7 349.2 10.3 335.9 -3.8
Foreign 202.5 173.5 168.6 -2.8 162.2 -3.8
Field of science and engineering
Computer sciences and mathematics 1,736.2 1,965.5 2,125.7 8.2 2,248.4 5.8
Engineering 7,540.7 8,343.0 8,300.7 -0.5 9,102.7 9.7
Environmental sciences 1,645.2 1,612.9 1,621.1 0.5 1,679.5 3.6
Life sciences 14,011.0 14,649.2 14,837.6 1.3 15,314.2 3.2
Physical sciences 1,849.7 1,845.6 1,787.6 -3.1 1,712.5 -4.2
Psychology 919.2 930.5 947.2 1.8 978.8 3.3
Social sciences 863.4 1,049.0 868.0 -17.2 1,002.6 15.5
Other sciences nec 853.5 925.4 1,007.1 8.8 1,088.6 8.1
Development 66,187.8 67,369.9 66,015.1 -2.0 71,489.5 8.3
Performer
Intramurala 19,546.3 20,430.5 18,626.2 -8.8 20,562.9 10.4
Industry 42,172.6 42,179.1 42,645.2 1.1 46,376.9 8.8
Industry-administered FFRDCs 1,082.3 990.0 1,113.0 12.4 796.1 -28.5
Universities and colleges 1,000.2 1,319.2 1,353.8 2.6 1,353.1 -0.1
University-administered FFRDCs 622.1 709.9 776.0 9.3 761.4 -1.9
Other nonprofit institutions 469.5 486.5 384.7 -20.9 443.8 15.4
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs 885.1 831.5 766.3 -7.8 869.4 13.4
State and local governments 72.1 51.6 48.7 -5.7 46.4 -4.7
Foreign 337.6 371.6 301.1 -19.0 279.6 -7.1
R&D plant 1,905.1 2,217.6 3,316.8 49.6 2,820.2 -15.0
Performer
Intramurala 673.3 642.5 697.4 8.5 1,005.8 44.2
Industry 231.5 323.3 1,331.6 311.9 417.7 -68.6
Industry-administered FFRDCs 79.5 91.2 98.7 8.3 97.3 -1.4
Universities and colleges 236.6 325.8 377.3 15.8 396.5 5.1
University-administered FFRDCs 246.2 308.5 356.2 15.5 446.6 25.4
Other nonprofit institutions 184.1 212.8 384.2 80.6 388.6 1.1
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs 249.8 309.8 69.7 -77.5 66.3 -4.9
State and local governments 0.2 0.3 * -86.8 * 0.0
Foreign 3.9 3.4 1.7 -50.0 1.3 -24.8