Table 2. Summary of federal obligations and outlays for research, development, and R&D plant, by type of R&D, performer, and field of science and engineering: FYs 2013–16
(Dollars in millions)
Type of R&D, performer, and field
2013
2014
Preliminary
2015
% change 2014–15
2016
% change 2015–16
Outlays for R&D and R&D plant
129,010.1
130,626.9
131,592.2
0.7
139,656.6
6.1
R&D
127,150.6
128,382.9
129,209.8
0.6
136,900.8
6.0
R&D plant
1,859.5
2,243.9
2,382.4
6.2
2,755.8
15.7
Obligations for R&D and R&D plant
127,291.1
132,496.3
132,751.8
0.2
140,479.1
5.8
R&D
125,386.0
130,278.7
129,435.0
-0.6
137,658.9
6.4
Performer
Intramurala
32,963.1
34,736.1
33,373.7
-3.9
35,741.3
7.1
Industry
49,538.1
50,236.5
50,580.4
0.7
54,674.7
8.1
Industry-administered FFRDCs
3,796.1
4,207.5
4,558.1
8.3
4,354.4
-4.5
Universities and colleges
25,772.0
27,429.3
27,736.6
1.1
28,556.7
3.0
University-administered FFRDCs
3,711.7
3,800.8
3,661.8
-3.7
4,116.6
12.4
Other nonprofit institutions
5,915.0
6,134.9
6,037.3
-1.6
6,306.3
4.5
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs
2,571.9
2,557.1
2,366.2
-7.5
2,823.4
19.3
State and local governments
385.6
446.4
476.1
6.7
465.3
-2.3
Foreign
732.4
730.1
644.6
-11.7
620.2
-3.8
Research
59,198.2
62,908.8
63,419.9
0.8
66,169.4
4.3
Performer
Intramurala
13,416.8
14,305.6
14,747.5
3.1
15,178.5
2.9
Industry
7,365.5
8,057.5
7,935.2
-1.5
8,297.8
4.6
Industry-administered FFRDCs
2,713.8
3,217.5
3,445.1
7.1
3,558.4
3.3
Universities and colleges
24,771.7
26,110.1
26,382.9
1.0
27,203.6
3.1
University-administered FFRDCs
3,089.7
3,090.9
2,885.8
-6.6
3,355.2
16.3
Other nonprofit institutions
5,445.5
5,648.4
5,652.6
0.1
5,862.4
3.7
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs
1,686.8
1,725.7
1,599.9
-7.3
1,954.0
22.1
State and local governments
313.5
394.7
427.5
8.3
418.9
-2.0
Foreign
394.8
358.5
343.5
-4.2
340.6
-0.8
Field of science and engineering
Computer sciences and mathematics
3,427.0
3,883.2
4,179.8
7.6
4,430.8
6.0
Engineering
10,948.2
11,887.5
11,768.6
-1.0
12,780.5
8.6
Environmental sciences
4,041.0
4,365.8
4,384.6
0.4
4,607.7
5.1
Life sciences
29,328.4
30,668.2
30,972.7
1.0
31,901.1
3.0
Physical sciences
6,281.9
6,483.1
6,486.9
0.1
6,492.9
0.1
Psychology
1,935.2
1,968.0
2,016.4
2.5
2,050.7
1.7
Social sciences
1,237.3
1,435.1
1,284.0
-10.5
1,429.7
11.3
Other sciences nec
1,999.3
2,217.9
2,326.8
4.9
2,476.1
6.4
Basic research
29,779.4
31,587.9
31,924.9
1.1
33,042.2
3.5
Performer
Intramurala
5,217.2
5,669.4
6,221.7
9.7
6,025.1
-3.2
Industry
2,052.3
2,516.0
2,559.1
1.7
2,704.5
5.7
Industry-administered FFRDCs
463.3
459.1
406.5
-11.4
426.6
4.9
Universities and colleges
14,950.2
15,654.7
15,745.1
0.6
16,201.5
2.9
University-administered FFRDCs
2,738.5
2,744.3
2,538.9
-7.5
2,946.1
16.0
Other nonprofit institutions
2,999.8
3,124.8
3,134.1
0.3
3,242.4
3.5
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs
1,099.9
1,156.6
1,066.2
-7.8
1,234.7
15.8
State and local governments
66.0
78.0
78.2
0.2
83.0
6.1
Foreign
192.3
185.0
174.9
-5.5
178.4
2.0
Field of science and engineering
Computer sciences and mathematics
1,690.8
1,917.7
2,054.1
7.1
2,182.3
6.2
Engineering
3,407.5
3,544.6
3,467.9
-2.2
3,677.8
6.1
Environmental sciences
2,395.8
2,753.0
2,763.5
0.4
2,928.2
6.0
Life sciences
15,317.3
16,019.0
16,135.2
0.7
16,586.9
2.8
Physical sciences
4,432.2
4,637.5
4,699.3
1.3
4,780.4
1.7
Psychology
1,016.0
1,037.6
1,069.2
3.0
1,071.9
0.2
Social sciences
373.8
386.1
416.0
7.7
427.1
2.7
Other sciences nec
1,145.8
1,292.5
1,319.7
2.1
1,387.6
5.1
Applied research
29,418.8
31,320.9
31,495.0
0.6
33,127.2
5.2
Performer
Intramurala
8,199.6
8,636.2
8,525.8
-1.3
9,153.4
7.4
Industry
5,313.3
5,541.5
5,376.1
-3.0
5,593.3
4.0
Industry-administered FFRDCs
2,250.5
2,758.4
3,038.6
10.2
3,131.8
3.1
Universities and colleges
9,821.6
10,455.4
10,637.8
1.7
11,002.2
3.4
University-administered FFRDCs
351.1
346.6
346.9
0.1
409.1
17.9
Other nonprofit institutions
2,445.8
2,523.6
2,518.5
-0.2
2,620.0
4.0
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs
587.0
569.1
533.7
-6.2
719.3
34.8
State and local governments
247.5
316.7
349.2
10.3
335.9
-3.8
Foreign
202.5
173.5
168.6
-2.8
162.2
-3.8
Field of science and engineering
Computer sciences and mathematics
1,736.2
1,965.5
2,125.7
8.2
2,248.4
5.8
Engineering
7,540.7
8,343.0
8,300.7
-0.5
9,102.7
9.7
Environmental sciences
1,645.2
1,612.9
1,621.1
0.5
1,679.5
3.6
Life sciences
14,011.0
14,649.2
14,837.6
1.3
15,314.2
3.2
Physical sciences
1,849.7
1,845.6
1,787.6
-3.1
1,712.5
-4.2
Psychology
919.2
930.5
947.2
1.8
978.8
3.3
Social sciences
863.4
1,049.0
868.0
-17.2
1,002.6
15.5
Other sciences nec
853.5
925.4
1,007.1
8.8
1,088.6
8.1
Development
66,187.8
67,369.9
66,015.1
-2.0
71,489.5
8.3
Performer
Intramurala
19,546.3
20,430.5
18,626.2
-8.8
20,562.9
10.4
Industry
42,172.6
42,179.1
42,645.2
1.1
46,376.9
8.8
Industry-administered FFRDCs
1,082.3
990.0
1,113.0
12.4
796.1
-28.5
Universities and colleges
1,000.2
1,319.2
1,353.8
2.6
1,353.1
-0.1
University-administered FFRDCs
622.1
709.9
776.0
9.3
761.4
-1.9
Other nonprofit institutions
469.5
486.5
384.7
-20.9
443.8
15.4
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs
885.1
831.5
766.3
-7.8
869.4
13.4
State and local governments
72.1
51.6
48.7
-5.7
46.4
-4.7
Foreign
337.6
371.6
301.1
-19.0
279.6
-7.1
R&D plant
1,905.1
2,217.6
3,316.8
49.6
2,820.2
-15.0
Performer
Intramurala
673.3
642.5
697.4
8.5
1,005.8
44.2
Industry
231.5
323.3
1,331.6
311.9
417.7
-68.6
Industry-administered FFRDCs
79.5
91.2
98.7
8.3
97.3
-1.4
Universities and colleges
236.6
325.8
377.3
15.8
396.5
5.1
University-administered FFRDCs
246.2
308.5
356.2
15.5
446.6
25.4
Other nonprofit institutions
184.1
212.8
384.2
80.6
388.6
1.1
Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs
249.8
309.8
69.7
-77.5
66.3
-4.9
State and local governments
0.2
0.3
*
-86.8
*
0.0
Foreign
3.9
3.4
1.7
-50.0
1.3
-24.8