NA = not available; data were not collected at this level of detail.

NOTES: Because of rounding, detail may not add to total. In FY 2000, the National Institutes of Health reclassified all its development activities as research. In FY 2000, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) reclassified the International Space Station (ISS) as a physical asset, reclassified ISS Research as equipment, and transferred funding for the program from R&D to R&D plant. In FY 2006, NASA reclassified as operational costs funding for Space Operations, the Hubble Space Telescope, the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, and the James Webb Space Telescope that previously had been reported as R&D plant. Between FY 2006 and FY 2007, NASA's R&D obligations decreased for two reasons: (1) in FY 2007, NASA excluded projects that were operational in nature that were not excluded in FY 2006, which accounts for $850 million of the decrease; and (2) there was an overall decrease in obligations between FY 2006 and FY 2007, which accounts for the remainder of the decrease. In FY 2010, NASA resumed reporting ISS obligations as R&D plant. In FY 2012, NASA began reporting ISS obligations as research rather than R&D plant. In FY 2013, NASA revamped its reporting process so that the data for FY 2012 forward are not directly comparable with totals reported in previous years. Beginning in FY 2011, Department of Defense totals include additional classified R&D projects not previously reported by its subagencies. FYs 2009 and 2010 obligations include additional funding provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.

SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development.