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Table 99. Federal outlays for research and development, by agency: FYs 2008–17

(Dollars in millions)

Agency 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Preliminary
2017
All agencies 123,059.1 126,854.2 131,387.6 131,443.0 128,518.6 127,150.6 128,382.9 127,817.7 108,544.5 109,973.0
Departments
Department of Agriculture 2,254.1 2,229.4 2,308.9 2,300.5 2,290.2 2,231.9 2,320.7 2,320.3 2,411.5 2,475.9
Agricultural Marketing Service 3.8 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.3 5.0 5.7 6.8 6.7 7.2
Agricultural Research Service 1,148.6 1,133.7 1,199.9 1,161.5 1,095.0 1,071.2 1,025.4 1,077.2 1,118.3 1,142.0
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 28.4 24.6 25.6 24.6 31.8 31.3 37.1 34.2 39.1 39.5
Economic Research Service 77.8 79.7 86.4 87.9 80.2 78.6 77.0 74.4 94.4 100.0
Foreign Agricultural Service 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.2 0.6 0.2 0.2
Forest Service 338.0 336.0 363.0 353.0 355.0 342.0 330.0 336.0 336.0 367.0
Grain Inspection, Packers, and Stockyards Administration 6.6 6.5 6.3 6.7 5.0 4.7 5.7 6.0 6.0 6.2
National Agricultural Statistics Service 6.9 7.2 7.5 7.4 7.4 7.5 9.4 9.3 9.3 9.4
National Institute of Food and Agriculturea 639.3 634.0 611.7 653.8 706.8 688.0 824.4 772.3 798.0 801.0
Rural Business-Cooperative Service 4.2 3.0 3.7 0.7 3.9 3.0 5.8 3.5 3.6 3.3
Department of Commerce 1,052.1 1,004.4 1,121.6 1,267.0 1,112.1 1,081.7 1,266.7 1,220.7 1,330.4 1,386.0
Economic Development Administration 2.2 2.9 7.3 0.6 NA NA NA NA NA NA
National Institute of Standards and Technology 444.1 454.5 534.6 570.6 570.2 524.1 553.2 606.9 644.7 629.9
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 580.8 510.9 525.4 629.0 432.8 418.6 504.4 461.0 505.0 570.0
National Telecommunications and Information Administration 0.3 6.9 7.0 7.2 7.4 7.8 7.9 11.3 10.3 7.9
U.S. Census Bureau 24.7 29.0 47.2 59.5 101.7 131.3 201.2 141.6 170.4 178.1
Department of Defense 68,731.4 66,775.3 67,614.8 72,527.4 65,252.9 65,019.6 63,509.3 62,100.4 42,700.4 42,386.8
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agencyb NA NA NA 2,889.3 2,833.3 2,692.2 2,807.7 2,832.5 2,870.6 2,924.0
Defense agencies and activitiesb 15,521.3 15,598.7 15,209.7 na na na na na na na
Department of the Air Force 24,121.7 23,458.2 26,106.2 25,854.5 25,042.8 24,789.7 23,204.7 23,322.8 7,137.3 7,248.4
Department of the Army 11,057.1 10,048.3 9,209.6 8,125.0 6,688.5 7,816.8 7,653.1 7,306.3 6,800.4 6,920.7
Department of the Navy 17,851.0 17,491.6 16,905.1 15,345.4 14,363.0 15,487.4 15,437.3 14,669.0 15,166.4 15,330.5
Operational Test and Evaluation, Directorb 180.3 178.5 184.2 na na na na na na na
Other defense agenciesb NA NA NA 20,313.3 16,325.4 14,233.4 14,406.5 13,969.8 10,725.8 9,963.2
Department of Educationc 286.8 312.0 321.7 105.7 101.6 97.2 344.8 318.0 212.2 195.8
Department of Energy 8,108.3 8,546.3 8,986.2 9,685.0 9,599.3 9,302.1 10,364.2 11,303.4 11,231.4 12,069.4
Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy 0.0 0.0 63.8 118.4 142.4 143.6 187.2 245.2 237.9 291.7
Bonneville Power Administration 13.7 8.1 13.1 13.2 14.5 0.0 16.0 15.6 15.6 13.6
Civilian Radioactive Waste Management 8.4 1.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability 89.4 87.1 83.0 89.5 101.1 45.3 73.1 107.6 91.7 111.1
Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy 729.1 712.3 915.1 852.6 909.8 704.9 960.5 1,043.1 1,142.1 1,267.3
Environmental Management 35.8 13.1 69.9 67.5 45.8 9.1 23.2 24.2 22.8 26.1
Fossil Energy 306.3 343.8 349.7 288.4 285.7 360.4 425.6 631.9 0.6 0.6
National Nuclear Security Administration 3,730.5 3,488.9 3,488.8 4,033.9 3,919.8 3,855.7 4,312.2 4,221.9 4,544.8 5,038.4
Defense Programs 2,707.4 2,443.7 2,285.1 2,768.7 2,648.2 2,568.1 2,921.5 2,925.9 2,980.1 3,468.0
Naval Reactors 724.1 730.1 866.1 941.7 1,040.1 994.0 1,093.7 1,083.4 1,215.7 1,220.0
Nuclear Nonproliferation 299.0 315.1 337.6 323.5 231.5 293.6 297.0 212.7 348.9 350.4
Nuclear Energy 133.1 116.0 368.1 387.8 361.2 263.4 323.9 760.4 832.6 891.6
Office of Science 3,062.0 3,775.3 3,634.7 3,833.6 3,819.1 3,919.7 4,042.4 4,253.3 4,343.4 4,429.1
Department of Health and Human Services 29,121.0 35,144.2 34,927.8 30,379.4 30,721.0 29,282.5 30,403.9 29,497.0 29,522.1 32,232.9
Administration for Children and Families 19.2 13.7 6.5 9.3 8.1 2.6 2.6 2.5 3.0 2.4
Administration for Community Livingc 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 76.0 83.1 82.5
Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 365.0 364.0 364.0 334.0 324.0
Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry 4.3 4.5 2.8 5.1 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.2
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 407.2 338.9 343.0 296.5 445.3 300.5 198.0 275.3 198.0 208.0
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services 69.8 57.4 53.9 45.2 33.8 20.0 33.6 24.0 29.5 29.3
Food and Drug Administration 132.9 159.1 188.4 206.4 315.7 322.8 348.3 336.3 455.3 435.8
Health Resources and Services Administration 61.6 56.3 66.3 36.8 20.3 36.6 37.8 41.1 41.0 40.7
National Institutes of Health 28,404.4 34,494.3 34,212.6 29,760.2 29,876.8 28,215.3 29,399.6 28,358.0 28,358.0 31,092.0
Office of the Secretary of Health and Human Services 21.5 20.0 54.4 19.9 19.5 18.6 18.6 18.0 18.0 16.0
Office of the Assistant Secretary for Planning and Evaluation 21.5 20.0 54.4 19.9 19.5 18.6 18.6 18.0 18.0 16.0
Department of Homeland Security 798.8 92.2 583.1 471.4 593.4 334.9 448.0 475.8 538.4 526.5
Domestic Nuclear Detection Office NA NA NA NA NA NA 73.5 71.3 63.0 69.3
Science and Technology Directorate 783.0 72.6 557.2 450.9 572.7 314.0 350.5 380.0 454.4 439.0
U.S. Coast Guard 15.1 19.5 25.9 20.5 20.7 20.8 24.0 24.5 20.9 18.2
U.S. Secret Service 0.7 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Department of Housing and Urban Development 32.5 36.4 50.5 50.1 53.5 63.8 66.7 56.0 74.7 78.5
Department of the Interior 635.3 738.0 720.0 705.4 738.7 698.3 739.4 805.4 856.8 878.0
Bureau of Land Management NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 16.4 18.0 18.0
Bureau of Ocean Energy Managementd na na na na 39.0 30.5 48.0 50.0 73.0 78.0
Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcementd 31.6 37.1 41.7 44.8 na na na na na na
Bureau of Reclamation 8.9 12.7 9.7 11.5 10.0 10.1 12.0 9.8 20.9 27.4
Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcementd na na na na 11.6 14.4 14.8 23.3 26.8 25.0
National Park Service 8.5 14.1 7.6 9.2 5.3 7.0 15.2 8.3 8.7 9.5
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 31.9 32.5 32.4
U.S. Geological Survey 586.4 674.1 661.1 640.0 672.8 636.3 649.5 665.8 676.9 687.6
Department of Justice 111.9 103.4 118.6 102.3 67.0 109.7 160.5 56.9 69.1 55.9
Bureau of Prisons 10.6 10.5 10.8 11.6 10.5 11.1 10.8 11.0 11.0 11.1
Federal Bureau of Investigation 26.1 14.5 30.0 17.7 7.7 30.0 9.6 12.9 13.0 12.1
Office of Justice Programs 75.2 78.4 77.8 72.9 48.8 68.6 140.1 33.0 45.2 32.7
Department of Labor 83.8 71.0 11.9 10.5 18.8 14.7 12.3 12.5 8.0 6.7
Bureau of Labor Statistics 24.2 0.0 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Employee Benefits Security Administration 1.1 1.1 4.5 4.7 11.5 8.2 5.9 5.1 3.0 1.1
Employment and Training Administration 53.7 64.2 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA
Occupational Safety and Health Administration 3.0 3.8 4.8 3.0 4.6 3.9 3.6 3.4 0.7 1.1
Pension Benefit Guaranty Corp. 1.8 1.9 2.6 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.9 4.1 4.3 4.5
Department of Statee 3.0 3.7 2.9 3.3 2.2 1.5 NA 2.0 2.0 2.0
Department of Transportation 606.9 525.6 760.5 768.5 719.2 659.8 786.1 697.2 719.0 733.4
Federal Aviation Administration 201.0 180.0 239.0 211.0 224.0 198.0 209.0 209.0 223.0 238.0
Federal Highway Administration 259.7 214.9 352.4 320.1 311.3 280.9 385.9 353.0 353.0 333.1
Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration 6.6 6.9 6.9 6.9 6.7 6.9 7.5 7.6 10.6 10.4
Federal Railroad Administration 37.8 39.7 44.0 40.9 43.9 40.9 52.1 41.3 38.9 40.8
Federal Transit Administration 7.0 6.9 21.7 42.0 25.9 10.5 9.1 17.0 6.8 13.1
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration 58.7 44.3 64.6 116.0 82.6 95.0 93.0 46.0 49.0 55.0
Office of the Secretary of Transportationf 15.9 19.5 20.3 17.9 13.9 15.6 13.9 11.5 18.5 14.1
Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration 13.3 4.5 7.6 9.7 8.0 7.3 15.6 11.9 19.3 28.9
Research and Innovative Technology Administrationf 7.0 9.0 4.0 4.0 3.0 4.7 na na na na
Department of the Treasury 65.5 68.5 68.5 77.6 75.6 74.1 76.4 66.5 85.2 79.5
Bureau of Engraving and Printing 5.3 3.0 1.2 5.8 5.0 9.4 9.4 9.5 18.8 19.0
Internal Revenue Service 59.6 64.9 66.3 70.8 69.0 64.5 64.4 53.7 64.6 59.7
U.S. Mint 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.6 0.1 2.6 3.4 1.8 0.9
Department of Veterans Affairs 479.6 510.0 581.0 558.9 614.8 639.0 608.3 612.1 583.1 659.5
Other agencies
Administrative Office of the U.S. Courts NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 6.8 6.3
Agency for International Development 123.8 156.2 168.7 119.2 77.4 125.5 59.9 212.2 192.8 196.7
Appalachian Regional Commission 0.6 1.0 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.7
Consumer Product Safety Commission NA NA NA NA 2.0 1.3 1.8 2.0 2.0 2.0
Environmental Protection Agency 532.0 552.8 594.7 577.0 576.3 522.8 530.9 515.6 508.0 493.6
Federal Communications Commission 6.7 7.0 3.7 3.7 4.0 5.2 6.7 4.8 5.1 4.6
Federal Trade Commission 2.6 2.4 3.0 2.7 2.9 2.7 2.5 1.9 3.0 6.4
Library of Congress 1.4 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.1 1.6 1.7
National Aeronautics and Space Administration 5,999.6 5,739.1 7,316.0 6,145.5 10,427.0 11,265.4 11,128.1 12,150.2 11,936.7 9,846.7
National Archives and Records Administration 4.6 4.6 4.6 3.1 2.0 1.1 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.5
National Science Foundation 3,781.0 3,937.0 4,809.0 5,233.0 5,124.0 5,269.0 5,198.0 5,059.0 5,120.0 5,225.0
Nuclear Regulatory Commission 41.7 74.0 81.0 99.0 81.0 85.0 90.6 70.8 86.0 61.3
Smithsonian Institution 140.0 151.0 164.0 192.2 195.3 204.0 194.8 195.6 207.8 216.4
Social Security Administration 54.1 67.9 63.0 53.0 64.9 56.7 59.6 58.9 129.0 144.2
na = not applicable; agency or subagency did not exist as such or in that organization in that year. NA = not available; data were not collected at that level in that fiscal year.
a The Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service changed its name to the National Institute of Food and Agriculture in FY 2008.
b In FY 2011, excepting the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, the Office of the Secretary of Defense began reporting for the agencies that had been presented under Department of Defense (DOD) agencies and activities and Operational Test and Evaluation, Director. These are now reported under Other defense agencies. Also beginning in FY 2011, Other defense agencies displays aggregated data of DOD subagencies engaged in classified R&D projects.
c Prior to FY 2012, data reported for the Administration for Community Living (ACL) was for the Administration on Aging, which was transferred to ACL when ACL was established on 18 April 2012. Several programs that serve older adults and people with disabilities were transferred from other agencies to ACL, including a number of programs from the Department of Education due to the 2014 Workforce Innovation and Opportunities Act.
d The Minerals Management Service changed its name to the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation and Enforcement (BOEMRE) in FY 2010. BOEMRE was split into the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management and the Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement in FY 2012.
e Department of State data for FY 2014 were excluded due to their poor quality.
f In January 2014, all Research and Innovative Technology Administration programs were transferred into the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Research and Technology in the Office of the Secretary of Transportation.
NOTES: Because of rounding, detail may not add to total. Only those agencies and subdivisions that had outlays in variables represented by this table appear in the table. In FY 2010, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) resumed reporting International Space Station (ISS) obligations as R&D plant. In FY 2012, NASA began reporting ISS obligations as research rather than R&D plant. In FY 2013, NASA revamped its reporting process so that the data for FY 2012 forward are not directly comparable with totals reported in previous years. Beginning in FY 2011, DOD totals include additional classified R&D projects not previously reported by its subagencies. See technical table A-2 for additional notes associated with the agencies listed in this table. FYs 2009 and 2010 outlays include additional funding provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Beginning with FY 2016, the totals reported for development outlays represent a refinement to this category by more narrowly defining it to be “experimental development.” Most notably, totals for development do not include the DOD Budget Activity 7 (Operational Systems Development) outlays. Those funds, previously included in DOD’s development outlay totals, support the development efforts to upgrade systems that have been fielded or have received approval for full-rate production and anticipate production funding in the current or subsequent fiscal year. Therefore, the data are not directly comparable with totals reported in previous years.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Federal Funds for Research and Development.