Table 120. Federal obligations for development, by performer: FYs 1967–2019

(Dollars in millions)

Fiscal year	Total	Intramural^a	Extramural
			United States and U.S. territories							Foreign
			Industry	Industry-administered FFRDCs	Universities and colleges	University-administered FFRDCs	Other nonprofits	Nonprofit-administered FFRDCs	State, local governments	Foreign
1967	11,897.7	1,934.4	8,839.2	315.6	142.2	311.4	151.4	176.0	10.3	17.3
1968	11,140.1	1,951.8	7,953.4	349.9	185.6	334.9	143.4	194.0	18.3	9.0
1969	10,996.0	1,855.9	7,816.7	357.2	207.4	386.5	142.6	193.1	27.0	9.4
1970	10,438.1	2,175.4	6,893.7	358.2	199.1	368.6	214.4	202.3	16.2	10.3
1971	10,419.3	2,340.4	6,698.5	404.5	214.4	370.0	176.8	158.2	45.2	11.4
1972	10,948.2	2,604.8	6,809.5	454.6	260.7	362.1	172.9	155.6	112.9	15.1
1973	11,218.7	2,673.7	6,844.0	513.6	225.5	370.1	262.0	132.8	172.6	24.4
1974	11,234.9	2,640.7	6,877.7	494.6	255.7	415.2	258.1	148.6	123.3	21.0
1975	12,309.1	2,890.2	7,413.0	568.0	332.7	509.6	307.7	155.1	115.7	17.3
1976	13,160.3	2,889.6	8,237.3	637.3	302.1	512.8	273.1	173.5	111.8	22.7
1977	14,936.3	3,054.0	9,350.0	920.6	322.0	642.8	287.9	208.3	122.9	27.9
1978	16,238.4	3,589.7	9,748.6	1,007.3	446.6	597.1	407.3	249.0	139.6	53.2
1979	17,610.1	3,936.3	10,410.5	1,073.1	555.5	687.7	403.8	295.4	170.7	77.3
1980	18,233.1	3,966.1	10,891.5	1,097.0	564.4	682.2	427.1	370.1	114.6	120.1
1981	20,891.1	4,391.5	12,909.6	1,062.6	545.6	850.4	363.6	457.5	92.9	217.5
1982	23,410.4	4,946.8	15,035.6	1,019.1	560.0	920.0	348.1	416.4	58.4	106.0
1983	24,458.0	5,871.7	14,905.5	978.5	498.5	1,143.8	404.7	496.1	49.3	109.9
1984	27,246.1	6,807.6	16,472.9	1,112.0	517.2	1,149.9	574.6	509.8	42.8	59.2
1985	32,226.1	7,889.3	19,630.5	1,304.9	613.5	1,395.1	654.1	592.2	39.9	106.7
1986	34,910.2	8,374.6	21,920.7	1,215.0	675.4	1,476.0	614.1	463.3	37.4	133.9
1987	37,313.2	7,975.3	24,319.6	1,426.4	697.0	1,738.6	503.9	420.8	58.0	173.4
1988	38,119.3	8,776.2	24,076.7	1,456.1	804.8	1,909.1	383.2	422.7	39.0	251.4
1989	40,641.0	9,127.6	25,672.9	1,452.0	878.8	1,793.6	480.0	412.4	46.3	777.3
1990	41,937.1	10,039.1	26,178.4	1,712.5	1,001.0	1,658.3	588.2	484.0	87.5	188.1
1991	37,326.8	8,683.8	23,014.1	1,458.7	1,301.0	1,442.9	711.5	508.5	85.8	120.5
1992	41,102.0	9,059.6	26,293.6	1,432.2	1,210.6	1,503.7	753.9	605.7	74.8	167.9
1993	40,423.5	9,211.6	26,295.2	652.1	1,316.1	1,314.8	770.6	580.0	108.5	174.8
1994	39,824.2	8,650.9	26,390.9	556.3	1,505.2	1,111.8	834.8	557.6	94.7	122.0
1995	39,752.4	9,340.2	25,537.4	390.2	1,573.7	1,328.0	755.4	617.9	95.1	114.4
1996	39,393.3	9,027.2	26,104.7	440.7	1,271.2	1,062.1	707.9	559.7	59.3	160.5
1997	40,461.5	9,051.3	27,027.2	368.6	1,385.7	1,102.1	666.7	603.4	117.1	139.3
1998	41,178.5	9,152.4	27,365.9	344.7	1,641.7	1,147.2	746.0	388.5	207.4	184.6
1999	41,813.1	9,398.9	27,321.8	448.8	1,755.3	1,342.3	802.0	443.7	125.1	175.2
2000	37,439.7	8,863.6	24,608.4	403.4	868.9	1,310.1	513.4	617.1	63.0	191.9
2001	39,778.8	10,915.8	22,974.4	559.4	1,408.0	1,743.7	812.1	863.4	144.6	357.3
2002	45,701.9	11,500.0	28,782.2	427.0	1,334.7	1,443.9	1,058.8	740.0	178.2	237.2
2003	52,455.8	12,698.9	34,652.1	418.9	1,329.3	1,572.5	569.7	834.5	98.8	281.2
2004	58,716.6	12,487.9	36,975.9	440.5	2,247.8	2,806.5	1,264.1	1,512.1	702.8	278.8
2005	65,110.2	13,521.2	42,411.5	622.6	2,531.6	2,762.9	1,409.4	1,256.4	313.1	281.5
2006	68,194.3	15,413.8	46,317.7	492.8	1,860.3	1,766.7	614.4	1,099.2	207.4	421.9
2007	73,169.3	18,116.1	49,268.1	828.6	1,580.9	1,228.8	567.7	1,237.3	64.4	277.3
2008	73,212.4	17,716.1	50,555.2	1,190.2	1,703.3	365.5	567.5	877.3	50.2	187.1
2009	77,398.2	18,225.2	53,469.2	996.6	1,389.0	1,254.6	549.0	1,268.7	48.4	197.6
2010	76,626.5	17,630.9	53,242.3	986.1	1,584.5	1,218.9	558.3	1,150.4	73.9	181.3
2011	77,467.8	22,481.4	47,512.8	1,440.1	1,427.1	1,213.3	875.8	1,476.0	434.0	607.2
2012	76,538.3	20,072.8	51,116.1	933.0	1,219.6	837.3	534.1	1,295.2	101.0	429.2
2013	66,187.8	19,546.3	42,172.6	1,082.3	1,000.2	622.1	469.5	885.1	72.1	337.6
2014	67,369.9	20,430.5	42,179.1	990.0	1,319.2	709.9	486.5	831.5	51.6	371.6
2015	64,927.8	19,918.5	39,344.9	837.8	1,452.6	684.9	425.6	1,654.5	66.7	542.3
2016	48,728.1	16,296.0	27,440.7	592.6	1,335.7	817.3	411.5	1,363.4	122.4	348.5
2017	49,103.5	15,085.5	28,912.2	516.2	1,337.1	944.1	564.4	1,258.0	100.3	385.6
2018	54,837.2	18,135.9	30,985.5	608.8	1,445.5	1,191.2	836.3	1,197.6	131.7	304.7
2019 (preliminary)	58,058.1	19,106.7	32,598.7	1,100.8	1,433.3	1,457.5	855.2	1,060.1	77.1	368.8

NOTES: Because of rounding, detail may not add to total. FFRDC funding over the years may be affected by the creation of new FFRDCs and the phasing out of other FFRDCs as well as changes in the type of FFRDC administrator. For details, see the notes in the Master Government List of Federally Funded R&D Centers at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/ffrdclist/#ffrdc. FYs 2009 and 2010 obligations include additional funding provided by the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009. Beginning with FY 2016, the totals reported for development obligations represent a refinement to this category by more narrowly defining it to be “experimental development.” Most notably, totals for development do not include the Department of Defense (DOD) Budget Activity 7 (Operational Systems Development) obligations. Those funds, previously included in DOD’s development obligation totals, support the development efforts to upgrade systems that have been fielded or have received approval for full rate production and anticipate production funding in the current or subsequent fiscal year. Therefore, the data are not directly comparable with totals reported in previous years.