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Table 5. Department of Defense obligations for science and engineering research and development to universities and colleges, by type of activity: FYs 1990–2016

(Dollars in millions)

Fiscal year Research Development
Total Advanced technology development Major systems development
1990 720.6 476.3 NA NA
1991 841.7 482.7 NA NA
1992 841.1 475.5 NA NA
1993 1,132.0 456.2 NA NA
1994 1,260.1 344.7 157.5 187.2
1995 1,108.1 503.3 152.9 350.4
1996 1,136.7 466.0 179.9 286.1
1997 1,042.1 479.5 188.8 290.6
1998 1,091.8 457.0 206.4 250.5
1999 1,153.6 537.0 213.2 323.8
2000 1,231.4 602.2 268.0 334.2
2001 1,376.5 582.8 101.5 481.3
2002 1,432.7 672.8 312.2 360.6
2003 1,553.6 675.1 309.4 365.7
2004 1,531.5 618.4 261.4 357.0
2005 1,596.9 566.1 254.2 311.9
2006 1,716.3 726.6 287.6 439.0
2007 1,957.7 695.5 339.0 356.6
2008 1,748.9 771.2 297.7 473.5
2009a 1,976.6 992.5 388.0 604.6
2010a 2,080.2 1,381.0 459.6 921.5
2011 2,028.4 1,088.2 345.5 742.8
2012 1,890.3 880.3 267.1 613.3
2013 1,669.5 839.2 299.0 540.3
2014 1,779.1 1,008.1 342.6 665.6
2015 1,936.8 742.0 185.6 556.4
2016 2,031.4 1,159.6 185.7 973.9
NA = not available; data were not provided by agency.
a Includes American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 obligations.
NOTES: Detail may not add to total because of rounding. The Department of Defense (DOD) states that more than 90% of its development obligations reported for universities and colleges are performed at university-administered laboratories that are separate from academic departments. Furthermore, DOD states that much of its development obligations are for major systems development, that such obligations differ from its obligations for advanced technology development, and that DOD total development obligations are therefore not comparable with development obligations at other federal agencies. Refer to table 14 for DOD obligations to individual institutions, by R&D breakdown.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Federal Science and Engineering Support to Universities, Colleges, and Nonprofit Institutions.