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Table 42. Postdoctoral appointees in science, engineering, and health in all institutions, by detailed field, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2014

Field Total U.S. citizens and permanent residentsa Temporary visa holders
Hispanic or Latino Not Hispanic or Latino Unknown ethnicity and race
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander White More than one race
All surveyed fields 63,593 1,543 98 5,430 1,209 77 17,448 256 4,034 33,498
Science and engineering 44,623 1,020 65 3,489 702 53 11,994 168 2,962 24,170
Science 37,316 904 62 2,873 591 48 10,640 156 2,387 19,655
Agricultural sciences 1,402 37 2 111 27 1 422 6 123 673
Biological sciences 19,554 497 31 1,686 300 38 5,157 64 1,185 10,596
Anatomy 235 7 0 18 2 1 73 1 2 131
Biochemistry 1,885 47 5 160 25 5 436 8 89 1,110
Biology 2,392 63 5 158 34 3 741 14 146 1,228
Biometry and epidemiology 652 15 0 71 17 2 224 0 16 307
Biophysics 156 2 0 13 1 0 34 0 12 94
Botany and plant biology 626 23 0 65 6 0 144 1 104 283
Cell and molecular biology 2,270 59 1 179 25 4 512 6 278 1,206
Ecology 102 1 0 8 0 0 34 0 21 38
Entomology and parasitology 279 12 0 17 3 1 91 2 21 132
Genetics 1,385 21 2 121 15 2 342 4 95 783
Microbiology, immunology, and virology 2,187 47 6 212 40 3 653 6 132 1,088
Nutrition 236 6 0 21 6 1 72 0 28 102
Pathology 1,469 33 5 156 23 1 335 5 51 860
Pharmacology and toxicology 1,226 42 1 124 28 1 346 6 36 642
Physiology 1,380 43 1 131 32 8 363 1 68 733
Zoology 75 0 0 6 2 0 32 0 20 15
Biosciences nec 2,999 76 5 226 41 6 725 10 66 1,844
Communication 75 4 0 5 2 0 16 0 13 35
Computer sciences 834 17 2 65 14 0 177 4 41 514
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 2,061 47 5 129 18 1 816 19 121 905
Atmospheric sciences 212 3 0 10 4 0 57 6 15 117
Geosciences 725 9 2 41 3 0 252 5 35 378
Ocean sciences 423 9 2 20 3 0 191 3 25 170
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences nec 701 26 1 58 8 1 316 5 46 240
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 114 4 0 17 6 0 51 1 5 30
Mathematics and statistics 959 19 5 42 10 1 279 4 73 526
Mathematics and applied mathematics 840 17 5 37 9 1 259 4 58 450
Statistics 119 2 0 5 1 0 20 0 15 76
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies 1,045 24 6 73 14 2 380 5 62 479
Neurobiology and neuroscience 1,878 47 1 145 24 1 542 11 167 940
Physical sciences 7,277 113 5 465 98 2 1,814 29 432 4,319
Astronomy and astrophysics 390 6 0 18 1 0 155 2 52 156
Chemistry 3,891 67 3 282 76 2 878 13 148 2,422
Physics 2,738 37 0 155 19 0 672 13 229 1,613
Physical sciences nec 258 3 2 10 2 0 109 1 3 128
Psychology 1,066 39 1 54 25 0 560 5 81 301
Clinical psychology 85 5 0 7 7 0 53 0 2 11
Psychology, general 584 12 0 21 6 0 313 3 53 176
Psychology nec 397 22 1 26 12 0 194 2 26 114
Social sciences 1,051 56 4 81 53 2 426 8 84 337
Agricultural economics 65 1 0 4 6 0 20 0 5 29
Anthropology 142 4 1 6 5 0 78 4 11 33
Economics (except agricultural) 86 14 0 7 2 0 22 0 7 34
Geography 104 1 0 4 3 0 43 0 5 48
History and philosophy of science 9 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 6
Linguistics 36 0 0 2 1 0 21 0 2 10
Political science and government 258 10 2 26 15 1 100 1 22 81
Sociology 91 9 0 6 3 1 42 0 10 20
Sociology and anthropology 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2
Social sciences nec 257 17 1 26 18 0 97 3 21 74
Engineering 7,307 116 3 616 111 5 1,354 12 575 4,515
Aerospace engineering 220 3 1 22 4 0 43 1 7 139
Agricultural engineering 150 3 0 16 3 0 23 0 6 99
Architecture 14 1 0 0 1 0 3 0 0 9
Biomedical engineering 1,198 28 2 152 20 2 301 1 66 626
Chemical engineering 1,244 25 0 114 10 0 244 1 63 787
Civil engineering 629 9 0 43 7 1 144 2 45 378
Electrical engineering 1,179 11 0 81 12 1 160 1 166 747
Engineering science, mechanics, and physics 270 1 0 14 0 0 62 1 31 161
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 131 5 0 8 4 0 21 0 11 82
Mechanical engineering 1,058 16 0 85 18 0 190 1 81 667
Metallurgical and materials engineering 780 9 0 58 20 0 93 1 53 546
Mining engineering 15 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 10
Nuclear engineering 112 1 0 5 0 0 20 1 16 69
Petroleum engineering 66 1 0 5 0 0 9 1 5 45
Engineering nec 241 2 0 12 12 1 38 1 25 150
Health 18,970 523 33 1,941 507 24 5,454 88 1,072 9,328
Clinical medicine 16,216 448 23 1,670 419 19 4,611 71 946 8,009
Anesthesiology 434 13 1 40 8 0 111 0 18 243
Cardiovascular science 742 16 1 67 16 1 189 0 34 418
Endocrinology 435 14 0 34 7 0 123 4 13 240
Gastroenterology 318 6 0 34 4 1 76 2 6 189
Hematology 378 8 1 40 6 0 85 1 13 224
Neurology 1,124 26 2 83 15 0 324 3 71 600
Obstetrics and gynecology 325 7 0 18 15 0 105 2 18 160
Oncology and cancer research 1,840 42 2 174 31 4 435 5 56 1,091
Ophthalmology 574 10 2 45 7 0 108 0 28 374
Otorhinolaryngology 164 7 0 13 2 0 59 2 5 76
Pediatrics 1,512 41 2 217 48 2 513 8 99 582
Preventive medicine and community health 658 36 1 64 45 1 236 3 33 239
Psychiatry 1,095 44 3 84 40 1 548 9 88 278
Pulmonary disease 287 11 1 38 11 0 130 1 9 86
Radiology 990 17 1 95 10 1 217 1 29 619
Surgery 1,360 44 0 120 37 3 353 3 60 740
Clinical medicine nec 3,980 106 6 504 117 5 999 27 366 1,850
Other health 2,754 75 10 271 88 5 843 17 126 1,319
Communication disorders sciences 61 1 1 10 2 0 31 2 5 9
Dental sciences 328 5 1 29 10 2 57 5 21 198
Nursing science 82 3 2 3 11 0 43 0 6 14
Pharmaceutical sciences 1,016 18 2 91 32 2 247 6 40 578
Veterinary sciences 513 17 1 44 10 0 197 0 39 205
Other health nec 754 31 3 94 23 1 268 4 15 315
nec = not elsewhere classified.
a Ethnicity and race data are available only for U.S. citizens and permanent residents.
NOTES: "Field" refers to the field of the unit that reports postdocs to the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering. In 2014 the survey frame was updated to improve the survey coverage. Starting in 2014, eligible units at new institutions previously not included in the survey were added and the units with primarily practitioner-oriented degree programs at private for-profit institutions were removed. See a working paper on frame changes at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/ for more details.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 2014.