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Table 50. Postdoctoral appointees in science, engineering, and health, by citizenship, ethnicity, race, origin of doctoral degree, and field: 2014

Characteristic All science, engineering, and health Science and engineering Health
Total Science Engineering Total Clinical medicinea Other health
Total 63,593 44,623 37,316 7,307 18,970 16,216 2,754
U.S. citizens and permanent residentsb 30,095 20,453 17,661 2,792 9,642 8,207 1,435
Hispanic or Latino 1,543 1,020 904 116 523 448 75
Not Hispanic or Latino
American Indian or Alaska Native 98 65 62 3 33 23 10
Asian 5,430 3,489 2,873 616 1,941 1,670 271
Black or African American 1,209 702 591 111 507 419 88
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander 77 53 48 5 24 19 5
White 17,448 11,994 10,640 1,354 5,454 4,611 843
More than one race 256 168 156 12 88 71 17
Unknown ethnicity and race 4,034 2,962 2,387 575 1,072 946 126
Temporary visa holders 33,498 24,170 19,655 4,515 9,328 8,009 1,319
Origin of doctoral degreec
United Statesd 23,453 16,575 13,961 2,614 6,878 5,981 897
Foreign country 18,272 12,221 10,484 1,737 6,051 5,443 608
Unknown degree origin 21,868 15,827 12,871 2,956 6,041 4,792 1,249
a Includes postdoctoral appointees in anesthesiology, cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, hematology, neurology, obstetrics and gynecology, oncology and cancer research, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, pediatrics, preventive medicine and community health, psychiatry, pulmonary disease, radiology, surgery, and clinical medicine, not elsewhere classified.
b Ethnicity and race data are available only for U.S. citizens and permanent residents.
c Doctoral degree = PhD, ScD, DEng, etc.; professional degree = MD, DVM, DO, DDS, etc.; dual degree = both professional and doctoral degrees (MD-PhD, DVM-PhD, etc.).
d United States includes Puerto Rico and U.S. territories.
NOTES: "Field" refers to the field of the unit that reports postdocs to the Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering. In 2014 the survey frame was updated to improve the survey coverage. Starting in 2014, eligible units at new institutions previously not included in the survey were added and the units with primarily practitioner-oriented degree programs at private for-profit institutions were removed. See a working paper on frame changes at http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/srvygradpostdoc/ for more details.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering, 2014.