Table 43. Female postdoctoral appointees in science, engineering, and health in all institutions, by detailed field, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2015

Field Total U.S. citizens and permanent residentsa Temporary visa holders
Hispanic or Latino Not Hispanic or Latino Unknown ethnicity and race
American Indian or Alaska Native Asian Black or African American Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander White More than one race
All surveyed fields 25,295 785 45 2,382 590 44 7,818 197 1,426 12,008
Science and engineering 16,325 506 29 1,411 319 14 4,965 117 862 8,102
Science 14,628 472 27 1,257 301 13 4,600 111 758 7,089
Agricultural sciences 645 22 1 54 10 0 205 2 51 300
Biological sciences 8,479 255 10 775 157 8 2,447 71 413 4,343
Anatomy 93 2 0 7 2 0 27 0 2 53
Biochemistry 708 22 2 80 16 0 177 8 34 369
Biology 924 25 2 79 16 2 343 14 36 407
Biometry and epidemiology 302 10 0 34 11 2 110 0 12 123
Biophysics 44 0 0 5 0 0 12 0 0 27
Botany and plant biology 258 12 0 25 3 0 73 5 17 123
Cell and molecular biology 1,050 28 2 95 17 0 271 2 64 571
Ecology 56 1 0 7 0 0 24 0 10 14
Entomology and parasitology 132 7 0 6 0 0 49 1 6 63
Genetics 614 7 0 53 7 1 168 10 46 322
Microbiology, immunology, and virology 1,041 25 0 81 30 0 327 14 67 497
Nutrition 167 6 0 15 5 0 58 0 7 76
Pathology 636 17 1 66 9 0 156 2 26 359
Pharmacology and toxicology 548 16 1 63 9 1 154 1 17 286
Physiology 606 27 1 63 17 2 161 3 17 315
Zoology 19 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 6
Biosciences nec 1,281 50 1 96 15 0 324 11 52 732
Communication 36 1 0 3 1 0 15 0 5 11
Computer sciences 166 5 2 14 8 0 35 1 8 93
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 816 31 2 54 6 0 339 5 44 335
Atmospheric sciences 59 2 0 2 1 0 11 1 4 38
Geosciences 263 5 0 17 1 0 100 2 17 121
Ocean sciences 205 12 2 10 2 0 97 0 14 68
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences nec 289 12 0 25 2 0 131 2 9 108
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 70 7 0 6 2 0 39 4 3 9
Mathematics and statistics 207 3 0 12 3 0 56 1 11 121
Mathematics and applied mathematics 181 3 0 11 3 0 51 1 7 105
Statistics 26 0 0 1 0 0 5 0 4 16
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies 381 17 0 41 10 0 162 1 10 140
Neurobiology and neuroscience 865 29 1 83 14 0 262 7 57 412
Physical sciences 1,678 33 6 123 27 5 429 7 76 972
Astronomy and astrophysics 119 1 0 4 4 3 42 0 8 57
Chemistry 962 23 5 78 16 0 233 6 39 562
Physics 524 9 0 37 7 2 135 1 27 306
Physical sciences nec 73 0 1 4 0 0 19 0 2 47
Psychology 663 32 1 39 25 0 343 5 33 185
Clinical psychology 63 3 0 4 6 0 42 1 0 7
Psychology, general 360 13 0 23 11 0 181 2 24 106
Psychology nec 240 16 1 12 8 0 120 2 9 72
Social sciences 622 37 4 53 38 0 268 7 47 168
Agricultural economics 32 2 0 0 1 0 13 0 1 15
Anthropology 96 5 1 3 1 0 55 4 6 21
Economics (except agricultural) 31 2 0 1 0 0 6 0 3 19
Geography 44 1 0 5 1 0 18 0 1 18
History and philosophy of science 5 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1
Linguistics 28 0 0 4 1 0 8 0 2 13
Political science and government 149 8 1 13 17 0 55 0 11 44
Sociology 70 6 1 5 3 0 38 0 8 9
Sociology and anthropology 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
Social sciences nec 166 13 1 22 14 0 71 3 14 28
Engineering 1,697 34 2 154 18 1 365 6 104 1,013
Aerospace engineering 30 2 0 2 0 0 3 0 3 20
Agricultural engineering 54 0 0 5 0 0 19 0 6 24
Architecture 8 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 4
Biomedical engineering 395 8 0 44 8 0 109 3 20 203
Chemical engineering 327 10 2 36 1 0 54 0 24 200
Civil engineering 174 3 0 12 2 0 62 0 9 86
Electrical engineering 152 1 0 11 0 1 19 0 6 114
Engineering science, mechanics, and physics 50 0 0 4 0 0 17 0 0 29
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 32 0 0 3 2 0 8 0 1 18
Mechanical engineering 200 4 0 22 0 0 38 1 10 125
Metallurgical and materials engineering 186 3 0 12 2 0 21 2 14 132
Mining engineering 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
Nuclear engineering 15 0 0 1 0 0 2 0 1 11
Petroleum engineering 11 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 10
Engineering nec 60 3 0 1 3 0 10 0 9 34
Health 8,970 279 16 971 271 30 2,853 80 564 3,906
Clinical medicine 7,644 237 14 848 220 28 2,386 73 478 3,360
Anesthesiology 177 3 1 15 5 0 43 2 17 91
Cardiovascular science 319 9 0 37 10 1 75 2 17 168
Endocrinology 210 8 3 26 4 0 61 3 6 99
Gastroenterology 144 2 0 18 6 0 29 1 3 85
Hematology 160 2 0 15 3 0 43 1 5 91
Neurology 514 12 2 44 7 0 149 5 25 270
Obstetrics and gynecology 157 3 0 17 9 0 62 1 6 59
Oncology and cancer research 819 19 1 100 13 1 186 2 54 443
Ophthalmology 252 4 0 27 1 0 43 1 7 169
Otorhinolaryngology 78 2 0 8 2 0 26 0 0 40
Pediatrics 777 33 0 76 23 3 313 7 33 289
Preventive medicine and community health 425 26 0 47 31 0 179 3 35 104
Psychiatry 690 27 3 55 20 0 381 19 39 146
Pulmonary disease 145 2 0 18 3 4 61 1 3 53
Radiology 376 11 0 24 3 1 87 0 34 216
Surgery 500 15 0 53 14 1 123 10 40 244
Clinical medicine nec 1,901 59 4 268 66 17 525 15 154 793
Other health 1,326 42 2 123 51 2 467 7 86 546
Communication disorders sciences 55 5 0 7 1 0 24 1 1 16
Dental sciences 141 1 0 12 11 0 28 0 11 78
Nursing science 62 5 0 3 5 1 33 0 5 10
Pharmaceutical sciences 386 12 1 34 18 0 105 4 23 189
Veterinary sciences 301 6 0 27 6 1 127 0 40 94
Other health nec 381 13 1 40 10 0 150 2 6 159