Table 43. Female postdoctoral appointees in science, engineering, and health in all institutions, by detailed field, citizenship, ethnicity, and race: 2015
Field
Total
U.S. citizens and permanent residentsa
Temporary visa holders
Hispanic or Latino
Not Hispanic or Latino
Unknown ethnicity and race
American Indian or Alaska Native
Asian
Black or African American
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
White
More than one race
All surveyed fields
25,295
785
45
2,382
590
44
7,818
197
1,426
12,008
Science and engineering
16,325
506
29
1,411
319
14
4,965
117
862
8,102
Science
14,628
472
27
1,257
301
13
4,600
111
758
7,089
Agricultural sciences
645
22
1
54
10
0
205
2
51
300
Biological sciences
8,479
255
10
775
157
8
2,447
71
413
4,343
Anatomy
93
2
0
7
2
0
27
0
2
53
Biochemistry
708
22
2
80
16
0
177
8
34
369
Biology
924
25
2
79
16
2
343
14
36
407
Biometry and epidemiology
302
10
0
34
11
2
110
0
12
123
Biophysics
44
0
0
5
0
0
12
0
0
27
Botany and plant biology
258
12
0
25
3
0
73
5
17
123
Cell and molecular biology
1,050
28
2
95
17
0
271
2
64
571
Ecology
56
1
0
7
0
0
24
0
10
14
Entomology and parasitology
132
7
0
6
0
0
49
1
6
63
Genetics
614
7
0
53
7
1
168
10
46
322
Microbiology, immunology, and virology
1,041
25
0
81
30
0
327
14
67
497
Nutrition
167
6
0
15
5
0
58
0
7
76
Pathology
636
17
1
66
9
0
156
2
26
359
Pharmacology and toxicology
548
16
1
63
9
1
154
1
17
286
Physiology
606
27
1
63
17
2
161
3
17
315
Zoology
19
0
0
0
0
0
13
0
0
6
Biosciences nec
1,281
50
1
96
15
0
324
11
52
732
Communication
36
1
0
3
1
0
15
0
5
11
Computer sciences
166
5
2
14
8
0
35
1
8
93
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences
816
31
2
54
6
0
339
5
44
335
Atmospheric sciences
59
2
0
2
1
0
11
1
4
38
Geosciences
263
5
0
17
1
0
100
2
17
121
Ocean sciences
205
12
2
10
2
0
97
0
14
68
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences nec
289
12
0
25
2
0
131
2
9
108
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences
70
7
0
6
2
0
39
4
3
9
Mathematics and statistics
207
3
0
12
3
0
56
1
11
121
Mathematics and applied mathematics
181
3
0
11
3
0
51
1
7
105
Statistics
26
0
0
1
0
0
5
0
4
16
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies
381
17
0
41
10
0
162
1
10
140
Neurobiology and neuroscience
865
29
1
83
14
0
262
7
57
412
Physical sciences
1,678
33
6
123
27
5
429
7
76
972
Astronomy and astrophysics
119
1
0
4
4
3
42
0
8
57
Chemistry
962
23
5
78
16
0
233
6
39
562
Physics
524
9
0
37
7
2
135
1
27
306
Physical sciences nec
73
0
1
4
0
0
19
0
2
47
Psychology
663
32
1
39
25
0
343
5
33
185
Clinical psychology
63
3
0
4
6
0
42
1
0
7
Psychology, general
360
13
0
23
11
0
181
2
24
106
Psychology nec
240
16
1
12
8
0
120
2
9
72
Social sciences
622
37
4
53
38
0
268
7
47
168
Agricultural economics
32
2
0
0
1
0
13
0
1
15
Anthropology
96
5
1
3
1
0
55
4
6
21
Economics (except agricultural)
31
2
0
1
0
0
6
0
3
19
Geography
44
1
0
5
1
0
18
0
1
18
History and philosophy of science
5
0
0
0
0
0
4
0
0
1
Linguistics
28
0
0
4
1
0
8
0
2
13
Political science and government
149
8
1
13
17
0
55
0
11
44
Sociology
70
6
1
5
3
0
38
0
8
9
Sociology and anthropology
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
Social sciences nec
166
13
1
22
14
0
71
3
14
28
Engineering
1,697
34
2
154
18
1
365
6
104
1,013
Aerospace engineering
30
2
0
2
0
0
3
0
3
20
Agricultural engineering
54
0
0
5
0
0
19
0
6
24
Architecture
8
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
1
4
Biomedical engineering
395
8
0
44
8
0
109
3
20
203
Chemical engineering
327
10
2
36
1
0
54
0
24
200
Civil engineering
174
3
0
12
2
0
62
0
9
86
Electrical engineering
152
1
0
11
0
1
19
0
6
114
Engineering science, mechanics, and physics
50
0
0
4
0
0
17
0
0
29
Industrial and manufacturing engineering
32
0
0
3
2
0
8
0
1
18
Mechanical engineering
200
4
0
22
0
0
38
1
10
125
Metallurgical and materials engineering
186
3
0
12
2
0
21
2
14
132
Mining engineering
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
Nuclear engineering
15
0
0
1
0
0
2
0
1
11
Petroleum engineering
11
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
10
Engineering nec
60
3
0
1
3
0
10
0
9
34
Health
8,970
279
16
971
271
30
2,853
80
564
3,906
Clinical medicine
7,644
237
14
848
220
28
2,386
73
478
3,360
Anesthesiology
177
3
1
15
5
0
43
2
17
91
Cardiovascular science
319
9
0
37
10
1
75
2
17
168
Endocrinology
210
8
3
26
4
0
61
3
6
99
Gastroenterology
144
2
0
18
6
0
29
1
3
85
Hematology
160
2
0
15
3
0
43
1
5
91
Neurology
514
12
2
44
7
0
149
5
25
270
Obstetrics and gynecology
157
3
0
17
9
0
62
1
6
59
Oncology and cancer research
819
19
1
100
13
1
186
2
54
443
Ophthalmology
252
4
0
27
1
0
43
1
7
169
Otorhinolaryngology
78
2
0
8
2
0
26
0
0
40
Pediatrics
777
33
0
76
23
3
313
7
33
289
Preventive medicine and community health
425
26
0
47
31
0
179
3
35
104
Psychiatry
690
27
3
55
20
0
381
19
39
146
Pulmonary disease
145
2
0
18
3
4
61
1
3
53
Radiology
376
11
0
24
3
1
87
0
34
216
Surgery
500
15
0
53
14
1
123
10
40
244
Clinical medicine nec
1,901
59
4
268
66
17
525
15
154
793
Other health
1,326
42
2
123
51
2
467
7
86
546
Communication disorders sciences
55
5
0
7
1
0
24
1
1
16
Dental sciences
141
1
0
12
11
0
28
0
11
78
Nursing science
62
5
0
3
5
1
33
0
5
10
Pharmaceutical sciences
386
12
1
34
18
0
105
4
23
189
Veterinary sciences
301
6
0
27
6
1
127
0
40
94
Other health nec
381
13
1
40
10
0
150
2
6
159
