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Table A-7. Imputation for nonresponse in doctorate-granting institutions, by field and graduate enrollment, postdoctorate, or doctorate-holding nonfaculty researcher status: 2014–16

Year and field Organizational units in universe Total in survey Number imputed Imputation rate (%)
Full-time students Part-time students Postdoctoral appointees Doctorate Nonfaculty researchers Full-time students Part-time students Postdoctoral appointees Doctorate Nonfaculty researchers Full-time students Part-time students Postdoctoral appointees Doctorate Nonfaculty researchers
Fall 2016, all surveyed fields 14,188 468,678 140,742 64,548 25,667 3,340 1,075 1,895 2,054 0.7 0.8 2.9 8.0
Science and engineering 11,142 429,899 125,747 45,608 19,039 2,509 802 1,296 1,575 0.6 0.6 2.8 8.3
Science 9,061 306,624 89,176 37,843 15,894 2,259 703 1,147 1,326 0.7 0.8 3.0 8.3
Agricultural sciences 551 12,042 4,794 1,479 767 38 30 3 21 0.3 0.6 0.2 2.7
Biological sciences 2,645 61,829 10,473 19,391 7,041 1,132 103 527 571 1.8 1.0 2.7 8.1
Communication 223 6,602 3,708 85 28 12 2 4 0 0.2 0.1 4.7 0.0
Computer sciences 514 53,907 21,762 914 469 253 78 39 51 0.5 0.4 4.3 10.9
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 457 11,381 2,678 2,097 1,626 34 15 26 141 0.3 0.6 1.2 8.7
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 116 2,161 1,178 116 120 44 8 1 4 2.0 0.7 0.9 3.3
Mathematics and statistics 487 21,368 4,597 1,001 213 129 130 78 15 0.6 2.8 7.8 7.0
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies 443 5,538 2,457 1,093 726 5 7 61 25 0.1 0.3 5.6 3.4
Neurobiology and neuroscience 228 4,894 243 2,071 759 24 0 83 39 0.5 0.0 4.0 5.1
Physical sciences 719 35,960 3,532 7,238 2,725 68 24 202 402 0.2 0.7 2.8 14.8
Psychology 712 28,802 9,102 1,169 455 392 227 74 19 1.4 2.5 6.3 4.2
Social sciences 1,966 62,140 24,652 1,189 965 128 79 49 38 0.2 0.3 4.1 3.9
Engineering 2,081 123,275 36,571 7,765 3,145 250 99 149 249 0.2 0.3 1.9 7.9
Aerospace engineering 69 4,025 1,308 201 77 0 0 8 0 0.0 0.0 4.0 0.0
Agricultural engineering 46 1,329 297 165 55 0 0 0 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.5
Architecture 55 1,498 157 16 30 5 1 1 2 0.3 0.6 6.3 6.7
Biomedical engineering 172 9,051 1,024 1,278 310 3 1 10 25 * 0.1 0.8 8.1
Chemical engineering 153 8,951 1,144 1,218 297 67 34 23 32 0.7 3.0 1.9 10.8
Civil engineering 284 14,716 4,656 706 420 13 7 26 47 0.1 0.2 3.7 11.2
Electrical engineering 326 35,111 10,404 1,157 560 43 12 28 34 0.1 0.1 2.4 6.1
Engineering science, mechanics, and physics 60 1,317 433 284 188 0 0 3 13 0.0 0.0 1.1 6.9
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 167 10,090 5,305 130 162 0 0 7 29 0.0 0.0 5.4 17.9
Mechanical engineering 223 20,391 6,369 1,078 393 23 15 15 24 0.1 0.2 1.4 6.1
Metallurgical and materials engineering 168 7,116 931 882 344 25 7 22 13 0.4 0.8 2.5 3.8
Mining engineering 25 287 91 10 23 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuclear engineering 30 1,229 237 100 29 0 0 4 2 0.0 0.0 4.0 6.9
Petroleum engineering 24 1,461 401 72 57 71 22 0 0 4.9 5.5 0.0 0.0
Engineering nec 279 6,703 3,814 468 200 0 0 2 25 0.0 0.0 0.4 12.5
Health 3,046 38,779 14,995 18,940 6,628 831 273 599 479 2.1 1.8 3.2 7.2
Clinical medicine 2,076 15,632 7,556 16,150 5,458 426 223 468 341 2.7 3.0 2.9 6.2
Other health 970 23,147 7,439 2,790 1,170 405 50 131 138 1.7 0.7 4.7 11.8
Fall 2015, all surveyed fields 13,506 464,695 140,249 63,700 25,199 7,543 3,202 1,446 2,392 1.6 2.3 2.3 9.5
Science and engineering 10,594 425,174 123,481 45,168 18,519 6,642 2,908 872 1,634 1.6 2.4 1.9 8.8
Science 8,628 302,069 86,215 37,514 15,600 5,377 2,453 781 1,381 1.8 2.8 2.1 8.9
Agricultural sciences 517 12,300 4,869 1,514 736 32 35 33 33 0.3 0.7 2.2 4.5
Biological sciences 2,470 62,507 10,455 19,257 6,929 668 229 410 818 1.1 2.2 2.1 11.8
Communication 206 6,297 3,475 83 30 116 174 2 0 1.8 5.0 2.4 0.0
Computer sciences 480 49,104 19,093 887 458 1,660 275 20 53 3.4 1.4 2.3 11.6
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 449 11,818 2,615 2,117 1,748 105 12 26 172 0.9 0.5 1.2 9.8
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 109 2,249 1,333 103 74 0 0 0 10 0.0 0.0 0.0 13.5
Mathematics and statistics 470 20,337 4,032 1,007 235 93 95 37 24 0.5 2.4 3.7 10.2
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies 436 4,777 2,230 967 621 139 198 3 29 2.9 8.9 0.3 4.7
Neurobiology and neuroscience 213 4,728 186 1,957 717 40 0 39 40 0.8 0.0 2.0 5.6
Physical sciences 698 35,751 3,543 7,322 2,692 171 103 145 109 0.5 2.9 2.0 4.0
Psychology 680 29,002 9,863 1,123 471 765 598 40 26 2.6 6.1 3.6 5.5
Social sciences 1,900 63,199 24,521 1,177 889 1,588 734 26 67 2.5 3.0 2.2 7.5
Engineering 1,966 123,105 37,266 7,654 2,919 1,265 455 91 253 1.0 1.2 1.2 8.7
Aerospace engineering 65 3,991 1,265 217 67 0 0 9 0 0.0 0.0 4.1 0.0
Agricultural engineering 41 1,380 250 221 70 0 0 0 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.3
Architecture 53 1,367 180 17 6 0 0 0 1 0.0 0.0 0.0 16.7
Biomedical engineering 163 8,494 1,087 1,201 289 38 16 15 31 0.4 1.5 1.2 10.7
Chemical engineering 152 8,785 1,126 1,283 264 0 10 0 22 0.0 0.9 0.0 8.3
Civil engineering 264 14,908 4,788 669 361 32 17 3 27 0.2 0.4 0.4 7.5
Electrical engineering 304 37,756 10,943 1,160 491 1,093 296 7 39 2.9 2.7 0.6 7.9
Engineering science, mechanics, and physics 60 1,369 334 251 184 0 0 8 11 0.0 0.0 3.2 6.0
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 163 9,485 5,669 142 150 0 0 7 25 0.0 0.0 4.9 16.7
Mechanical engineering 216 19,742 6,196 1,160 425 36 83 15 62 0.2 1.3 1.3 14.6
Metallurgical and materials engineering 161 6,792 893 911 289 10 6 13 15 0.1 0.7 1.4 5.2
Mining engineering 21 300 107 15 20 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuclear engineering 29 1,198 251 107 26 0 0 0 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 7.7
Petroleum engineering 22 1,560 461 73 56 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Engineering nec 252 5,978 3,716 227 221 56 27 14 15 0.9 0.7 6.2 6.8
Health 2,912 39,521 16,768 18,532 6,680 901 294 574 758 2.3 1.8 3.1 11.3
Clinical medicine 2,008 16,394 8,227 15,843 5,491 301 167 514 616 1.8 2.0 3.2 11.2
Other health 904 23,127 8,541 2,689 1,189 600 127 60 142 2.6 1.5 2.2 11.9
Fall 2014new, all surveyed fieldsa 13,140 452,801 136,151 63,446 23,642 4,553 2,232 2,055 2,290 1.0 1.6 3.2 9.7
Science and engineering 10,271 414,209 120,220 44,496 17,368 3,971 1,821 1,070 1,669 1.0 1.5 2.4 9.6
Science 8,365 294,446 83,625 37,195 14,632 3,278 1,492 951 1,417 1.1 1.8 2.6 9.7
Agricultural sciences 489 11,509 4,558 1,394 613 75 4 19 34 0.7 0.1 1.4 5.5
Biological sciences 2,418 60,861 10,602 19,505 6,833 451 90 506 639 0.7 0.8 2.6 9.4
Communication 200 6,661 3,167 75 31 61 85 2 0 0.9 2.7 2.7 0.0
Computer sciences 470 43,937 16,992 831 445 178 65 31 36 0.4 0.4 3.7 8.1
Earth, atmospheric, and ocean sciences 436 11,990 2,645 2,049 1,498 32 23 33 276 0.3 0.9 1.6 18.4
Family and consumer sciences and human sciences 105 2,347 1,414 114 59 11 1 6 1 0.5 0.1 5.3 1.7
Mathematics and statistics 461 19,537 4,105 956 221 15 5 30 23 0.1 0.1 3.1 10.4
Multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary studies 396 4,291 1,790 1,044 658 134 219 6 141 3.1 12.2 0.6 21.4
Neurobiology and neuroscience 193 4,665 186 1,876 665 44 0 24 57 0.9 0.0 1.3 8.6
Physical sciences 685 35,762 3,553 7,241 2,432 49 88 204 117 0.1 2.5 2.8 4.8
Psychology 660 28,322 9,391 1,060 410 650 293 45 18 2.3 3.1 4.2 4.4
Social sciences 1,852 64,564 25,222 1,050 767 1,578 619 45 75 2.4 2.5 4.3 9.8
Engineering 1,906 119,763 36,595 7,301 2,736 693 329 119 252 0.6 0.9 1.6 9.2
Aerospace engineering 62 3,856 1,169 220 43 0 0 8 0 0.0 0.0 3.6 0.0
Agricultural engineering 41 1,412 328 150 55 0 0 0 3 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.5
Architecture 51 1,568 221 14 5 0 0 0 2 0.0 0.0 0.0 40.0
Biomedical engineering 154 8,246 1,128 1,196 322 132 13 11 32 1.6 1.2 0.9 9.9
Chemical engineering 149 8,587 1,193 1,244 276 0 0 2 29 0.0 0.0 0.2 10.5
Civil engineering 257 14,660 4,771 628 310 17 9 10 30 0.1 0.2 1.6 9.7
Electrical engineering 301 37,406 10,840 1,179 459 408 213 33 35 1.1 2.0 2.8 7.6
Engineering science, mechanics, and physics 61 1,541 582 270 192 0 0 1 11 0.0 0.0 0.4 5.7
Industrial and manufacturing engineering 155 8,573 5,386 131 90 0 0 7 23 0.0 0.0 5.3 25.6
Mechanical engineering 216 18,488 6,020 1,055 438 30 77 15 63 0.2 1.3 1.4 14.4
Metallurgical and materials engineering 156 6,603 856 780 273 104 5 4 9 1.6 0.6 0.5 3.3
Mining engineering 20 307 89 15 8 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Nuclear engineering 29 1,201 266 112 34 0 0 1 2 0.0 0.0 0.9 5.9
Petroleum engineering 22 1,662 394 66 63 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Engineering nec 232 5,653 3,352 241 168 2 12 27 13 * 0.4 11.2 7.7
Health 2,869 38,592 15,931 18,950 6,274 582 411 985 621 1.5 2.6 5.2 9.9
Clinical medicine 1,978 15,706 7,889 16,208 5,096 184 325 844 527 1.2 4.1 5.2 10.3
Other health 891 22,886 8,042 2,742 1,178 398 86 141 94 1.7 1.1 5.1 8.0
* = value < 0.05%
nec = not elsewhere classified.
a In 2014, the survey frame was updated following a comprehensive frame evaluation study. The study identified potentially eligible but not previously surveyed academic institutions in the United States with master's- or doctorate-granting programs in science, engineering, or health. A total of 151 newly eligible institutions were added, and two private for-profit institutions offering mostly practitioner-based graduate degrees were determined to be ineligible.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering.