Table 1-1. Graduate students, postdoctoral appointees, and doctorate-holding nonfaculty researchers in science, engineering, and health: 1975–2018
Year |
Graduate students |
Postdoctoral appointees |
Nonfaculty researchers |
All fields |
Science |
Engineering |
Health |
All fields |
Science |
Engineering |
Health |
All fields |
Science |
Engineering |
Health |
1975 |
328,510 |
234,649 |
68,332 |
25,529 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
1976 |
333,716 |
238,675 |
66,723 |
28,318 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
1977 |
345,374 |
242,932 |
68,757 |
33,685 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
1978a |
339,912 |
236,465 |
67,787 |
35,660 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
1979 |
357,578 |
247,235 |
71,808 |
38,535 |
18,101 |
12,519 |
1,067 |
4,515 |
2,687 |
1,915 |
273 |
499 |
1980 |
367,078 |
251,265 |
74,335 |
41,478 |
18,399 |
13,042 |
981 |
4,376 |
3,260 |
2,184 |
423 |
653 |
1981 |
375,130 |
252,404 |
79,585 |
43,141 |
19,634 |
13,731 |
1,040 |
4,863 |
3,559 |
2,445 |
503 |
611 |
1982 |
382,291 |
255,146 |
83,720 |
43,425 |
19,363 |
13,698 |
980 |
4,685 |
4,026 |
2,809 |
670 |
547 |
1983 |
390,432 |
255,820 |
91,146 |
43,466 |
20,712 |
14,562 |
1,108 |
5,042 |
4,896 |
3,348 |
631 |
917 |
1984 |
394,670 |
256,903 |
92,739 |
45,028 |
21,535 |
14,979 |
1,203 |
5,353 |
5,042 |
3,442 |
589 |
1,011 |
1985 |
404,021 |
261,973 |
96,018 |
46,030 |
22,387 |
15,576 |
1,356 |
5,455 |
5,103 |
3,529 |
615 |
959 |
1986 |
415,520 |
266,077 |
101,905 |
47,538 |
23,721 |
16,512 |
1,405 |
5,804 |
4,846 |
3,356 |
521 |
969 |
1987 |
421,497 |
269,256 |
103,983 |
48,258 |
24,881 |
17,369 |
1,446 |
6,066 |
4,597 |
3,250 |
443 |
904 |
1988 |
424,523 |
272,309 |
102,854 |
49,360 |
26,123 |
18,024 |
1,690 |
6,409 |
4,869 |
3,348 |
566 |
955 |
1989 |
434,478 |
278,577 |
104,065 |
51,836 |
27,932 |
18,978 |
1,928 |
7,026 |
4,908 |
3,470 |
581 |
857 |
1990 |
452,113 |
289,383 |
107,658 |
55,072 |
29,565 |
19,853 |
1,950 |
7,762 |
5,255 |
3,745 |
609 |
901 |
1991 |
471,212 |
299,057 |
113,535 |
58,620 |
30,865 |
20,595 |
2,262 |
8,008 |
5,478 |
3,872 |
659 |
947 |
1992 |
493,522 |
312,478 |
118,039 |
63,005 |
32,747 |
21,514 |
2,369 |
8,864 |
5,482 |
3,660 |
737 |
1,085 |
1993 |
504,304 |
318,851 |
116,872 |
68,581 |
34,322 |
22,219 |
2,446 |
9,657 |
6,001 |
4,003 |
805 |
1,193 |
1994 |
504,399 |
318,118 |
113,024 |
73,257 |
36,377 |
23,181 |
2,606 |
10,590 |
6,209 |
4,156 |
825 |
1,228 |
1995 |
499,640 |
315,265 |
107,201 |
77,174 |
35,926 |
23,512 |
2,648 |
9,766 |
6,534 |
4,395 |
789 |
1,350 |
1996 |
494,079 |
311,957 |
103,224 |
78,898 |
37,107 |
23,892 |
2,677 |
10,538 |
6,604 |
4,426 |
731 |
1,447 |
1997 |
487,208 |
306,482 |
101,148 |
79,578 |
38,481 |
24,293 |
2,971 |
11,217 |
6,722 |
4,408 |
848 |
1,466 |
1998 |
485,627 |
304,818 |
100,038 |
80,771 |
40,086 |
25,023 |
2,853 |
12,210 |
7,100 |
4,497 |
810 |
1,793 |
1999 |
493,256 |
309,491 |
101,691 |
82,074 |
40,800 |
25,784 |
3,196 |
11,820 |
7,573 |
4,761 |
940 |
1,872 |
2000 |
493,311 |
309,424 |
104,112 |
79,775 |
43,115 |
26,911 |
3,313 |
12,891 |
7,879 |
4,931 |
896 |
2,052 |
2001 |
509,607 |
319,736 |
109,493 |
80,378 |
43,311 |
27,044 |
3,152 |
13,115 |
7,531 |
4,707 |
801 |
2,023 |
2002 |
540,404 |
335,166 |
119,668 |
85,570 |
45,034 |
28,371 |
3,566 |
13,097 |
7,906 |
5,019 |
903 |
1,984 |
2003 |
567,121 |
347,268 |
127,377 |
92,476 |
46,728 |
29,856 |
3,810 |
13,062 |
8,473 |
5,493 |
952 |
2,028 |
2004 |
574,463 |
352,307 |
123,566 |
98,590 |
47,240 |
30,116 |
3,949 |
13,175 |
9,075 |
5,880 |
1,043 |
2,152 |
2005 |
582,226 |
357,710 |
120,565 |
103,951 |
48,555 |
30,290 |
4,166 |
14,099 |
9,527 |
6,069 |
946 |
2,512 |
2006 |
597,643 |
363,246 |
123,041 |
111,356 |
49,343 |
30,245 |
4,642 |
14,456 |
10,814 |
6,658 |
1,118 |
3,038 |
2007oldb |
607,823 |
372,120 |
130,255 |
105,448 |
50,712 |
30,986 |
4,908 |
14,818 |
10,736 |
6,517 |
1,298 |
2,921 |
2007newb |
619,499 |
384,523 |
131,676 |
103,300 |
50,840 |
31,281 |
4,942 |
14,617 |
10,752 |
6,526 |
1,310 |
2,916 |
2008 |
631,489 |
391,419 |
137,856 |
102,214 |
54,164 |
32,741 |
5,462 |
15,961 |
13,747 |
8,669 |
1,419 |
3,659 |
2009 |
631,645 |
401,008 |
144,677 |
85,960 |
57,805 |
34,388 |
6,416 |
17,001 |
14,059 |
8,698 |
1,737 |
3,624 |
2010c,d |
632,652 |
407,291 |
149,241 |
76,120 |
63,439 |
37,351 |
6,969 |
19,119 |
21,345 |
12,751 |
2,406 |
6,188 |
2011d |
626,820 |
414,440 |
146,501 |
65,879 |
62,639 |
37,335 |
6,786 |
18,518 |
21,498 |
13,363 |
2,312 |
5,823 |
2012 |
627,243 |
413,033 |
148,385 |
65,825 |
62,851 |
36,738 |
7,103 |
19,010 |
21,908 |
13,264 |
2,497 |
6,147 |
2013 |
633,010 |
417,251 |
153,049 |
62,710 |
61,942 |
36,289 |
7,106 |
18,547 |
22,465 |
13,932 |
2,494 |
6,039 |
2014olde |
650,738 |
425,148 |
162,013 |
63,577 |
62,379 |
36,184 |
7,292 |
18,903 |
23,290 |
14,283 |
2,744 |
6,263 |
2014newe |
666,586 |
437,395 |
164,488 |
64,703 |
63,593 |
37,316 |
7,307 |
18,970 |
23,706 |
14,674 |
2,745 |
6,287 |
2015 |
685,397 |
448,654 |
169,354 |
67,389 |
63,861 |
37,639 |
7,656 |
18,566 |
25,292 |
15,667 |
2,929 |
6,696 |
2016 |
684,825 |
452,046 |
168,443 |
64,336 |
64,712 |
37,941 |
7,796 |
18,975 |
25,747 |
15,940 |
3,155 |
6,652 |
2017oldf |
684,096 |
450,343 |
166,819 |
66,934 |
64,888 |
37,816 |
7,929 |
19,143 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
2017newf |
649,112 |
415,568 |
165,581 |
67,963 |
64,733 |
38,241 |
7,839 |
18,653 |
28,180 |
17,268 |
3,274 |
7,638 |
2018 |
668,307 |
432,255 |
163,301 |
72,751 |
64,783 |
37,564 |
7,914 |
19,305 |
29,284 |
18,278 |
3,570 |
7,436 |
Master's students |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017newf |
378,587 |
229,169 |
96,756 |
52,662 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
2018 |
391,211 |
241,327 |
93,064 |
56,820 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
Doctoral students |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2017newf |
270,525 |
186,399 |
68,825 |
15,301 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
2018 |
277,096 |
190,928 |
70,237 |
15,931 |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |
na |