Table 2-1. Demographic characteristics of graduate students, postdoctoral appointees, and doctorate-holding nonfaculty researchers in science, engineering, and health: 2018
Sex, citizenship, ethnicity, and race
Graduate students
Postdoctoral appointees
Doctorate-holding nonfaculty researchers
All graduate students
Master's
Doctoral
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
All individuals
668,307
100.0
391,211
100.0
277,096
100.0
64,783
100.0
29,284
100.0
Male
359,333
53.8
201,314
51.5
158,019
57.0
38,661
59.7
17,468
59.7
Female
308,974
46.2
189,897
48.5
119,077
43.0
26,122
40.3
11,816
40.3
U.S. citizens and permanent residentsa
438,581
65.6
271,290
69.3
167,291
60.4
29,622
45.7
na
na
Hispanic or Latino
49,084
7.3
32,923
8.4
16,161
5.8
1,856
2.9
na
na
Not Hispanic or Latino
American Indian or Alaska Native
1,932
0.3
1,219
0.3
713
0.3
81
0.1
na
na
Asian
45,307
6.8
28,557
7.3
16,750
6.0
6,020
9.3
na
na
Black or African American
35,943
5.4
25,878
6.6
10,065
3.6
1,104
1.7
na
na
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
730
0.1
497
0.1
233
0.1
55
0.1
na
na
White
265,735
39.8
156,010
39.9
109,725
39.6
17,232
26.6
na
na
More than one race
14,864
2.2
9,120
2.3
5,744
2.1
506
0.8
na
na
Unknown ethnicity and race
24,986
3.7
17,086
4.4
7,900
2.9
2,768
4.3
na
na
Temporary visa holders
229,726
34.4
119,921
30.7
109,805
39.6
35,161
54.3
na
na
Male
U.S. citizens and permanent residentsa
213,153
31.9
126,552
32.3
86,601
31.3
15,934
24.6
na
na
Hispanic or Latino
22,141
3.3
14,242
3.6
7,899
2.9
948
1.5
na
na
Not Hispanic or Latino
American Indian or Alaska Native
783
0.1
480
0.1
303
0.1
40
0.1
na
na
Asian
23,786
3.6
15,039
3.8
8,747
3.2
3,397
5.2
na
na
Black or African American
14,279
2.1
10,257
2.6
4,022
1.5
440
0.7
na
na
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
319
*
220
0.1
99
*
27
*
na
na
White
133,204
19.9
74,714
19.1
58,490
21.1
9,321
14.4
na
na
More than one race
6,892
1.0
4,132
1.1
2,760
1.0
250
0.4
na
na
Unknown ethnicity and race
11,749
1.8
7,468
1.9
4,281
1.5
1,511
2.3
na
na
Temporary visa holders
146,180
21.9
74,762
19.1
71,418
25.8
22,727
35.1
na
na
Female
U.S. citizens and permanent residentsa
225,428
33.7
144,738
37.0
80,690
29.1
13,688
21.1
na
na
Hispanic or Latino
26,943
4.0
18,681
4.8
8,262
3.0
908
1.4
na
na
Not Hispanic or Latino
American Indian or Alaska Native
1,149
0.2
739
0.2
410
0.1
41
0.1
na
na
Asian
21,521
3.2
13,518
3.5
8,003
2.9
2,623
4.0
na
na
Black or African American
21,664
3.2
15,621
4.0
6,043
2.2
664
1.0
na
na
Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander
411
0.1
277
0.1
134
*
28
*
na
na
White
132,531
19.8
81,296
20.8
51,235
18.5
7,911
12.2
na
na
More than one race
7,972
1.2
4,988
1.3
2,984
1.1
256
0.4
na
na
Unknown ethnicity and race
13,237
2.0
9,618
2.5
3,619
1.3
1,257
1.9
na
na
Temporary visa holders
83,546
12.5
45,159
11.5
38,387
13.9
12,434
19.2
na
na
