Field | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All R&D fieldsa | 16,535,021 | 17,578,487 | 18,736,599 | 20,349,436 | 22,012,891 | 23,845,845 | 23,780,298 | 24,511,373 | 25,593,243 | 27,570,997 |
Science | 13,202,607 | 13,973,633 | 14,839,829 | 16,003,317 | 17,367,500 | 18,673,331 | 18,243,230 | 18,586,298 | 19,421,125 | 20,864,673 |
Computer sciences | 379,594 | 383,347 | 424,572 | 404,851 | 435,018 | 493,568 | 463,837 | 448,219 | 461,867 | 516,123 |
Environmental sciences | 757,262 | 824,563 | 833,101 | 873,884 | 970,834 | 1,032,987 | 978,180 | 977,603 | 975,450 | 1,102,004 |
Atmospheric sciences | 93,727 | 98,158 | 100,977 | 91,684 | 85,335 | 94,587 | 90,668 | 97,278 | 87,405 | 95,301 |
Earth sciences | 291,272 | 303,933 | 305,785 | 309,560 | 347,460 | 374,356 | 349,906 | 341,906 | 349,343 | 395,990 |
Oceanography | 231,868 | 266,552 | 278,514 | 320,774 | 365,030 | 365,876 | 355,031 | 343,887 | 351,623 | 390,090 |
Environmental sciences, nec | 140,395 | 155,920 | 147,825 | 151,866 | 173,009 | 198,168 | 182,575 | 194,532 | 187,079 | 220,623 |
Life sciences | 9,282,234 | 9,912,060 | 10,523,827 | 11,478,799 | 12,533,706 | 13,456,150 | 13,248,207 | 13,670,675 | 14,443,509 | 15,334,784 |
Agricultural sciences | 1,828,450 | 1,812,357 | 1,913,578 | 2,016,151 | 2,133,075 | 2,192,134 | 2,029,713 | 2,070,868 | 2,160,434 | 2,242,353 |
Biological sciences | 2,409,143 | 2,645,464 | 2,802,240 | 3,018,885 | 3,398,797 | 3,524,454 | 3,357,028 | 3,640,184 | 3,881,471 | 4,084,618 |
Medical sciences | 4,647,820 | 4,981,130 | 5,367,676 | 5,990,490 | 6,505,457 | 7,171,918 | 7,199,538 | 7,214,840 | 7,636,086 | 8,154,955 |
Life sciences, nec | 396,821 | 473,109 | 440,333 | 453,273 | 496,377 | 567,644 | 661,928 | 744,783 | 765,518 | 852,858 |
Mathematical sciences | 130,702 | 148,340 | 157,901 | 164,462 | 172,455 | 178,185 | 176,496 | 181,393 | 183,762 | 206,488 |
Physical sciences | 978,725 | 1,031,490 | 1,113,616 | 1,174,390 | 1,188,880 | 1,319,680 | 1,238,557 | 1,242,623 | 1,236,283 | 1,336,749 |
Astronomy | 131,120 | 143,457 | 152,532 | 162,059 | 186,001 | 190,501 | 167,264 | 174,886 | 171,381 | 158,099 |
Chemistry | 397,388 | 419,787 | 446,177 | 484,692 | 494,446 | 545,130 | 550,006 | 541,063 | 536,495 | 570,397 |
Physics | 353,339 | 370,322 | 395,731 | 396,045 | 391,733 | 509,085 | 440,721 | 447,885 | 453,010 | 529,532 |
Physical sciences, nec | 96,878 | 97,924 | 119,176 | 131,594 | 116,700 | 74,964 | 80,566 | 78,789 | 75,397 | 78,721 |
Psychology | 196,260 | 215,553 | 246,388 | 269,124 | 290,212 | 316,123 | 319,952 | 323,772 | 321,202 | 362,538 |
Social sciences | 978,700 | 987,576 | 993,375 | 1,040,415 | 1,133,696 | 1,226,214 | 1,095,977 | 1,115,417 | 1,135,840 | 1,272,948 |
Economics | 208,166 | 215,729 | 219,484 | 224,913 | 271,045 | 258,178 | 222,310 | 238,520 | 239,272 | 269,937 |
Political sciences | 195,241 | 210,929 | 210,053 | 213,499 | 214,324 | 231,605 | 221,902 | 221,784 | 248,934 | 283,321 |
Sociology | 173,374 | 176,779 | 183,248 | 190,867 | 200,607 | 206,570 | 193,815 | 200,208 | 211,901 | 243,509 |
Social sciences, nec | 401,919 | 384,139 | 380,590 | 411,136 | 447,720 | 529,861 | 457,950 | 454,905 | 435,733 | 476,181 |
Sciences, nec | 499,130 | 470,704 | 547,049 | 597,392 | 642,699 | 650,424 | 722,024 | 626,596 | 663,212 | 733,039 |
Engineering | 2,407,916 | 2,613,775 | 2,787,292 | 3,061,420 | 3,232,661 | 3,613,527 | 3,606,932 | 3,762,408 | 3,846,713 | 4,235,576 |
Aeronautical and astronautical engineering | 102,508 | 110,040 | 97,676 | 130,995 | 137,873 | 182,439 | 168,243 | 163,230 | 160,725 | 176,401 |
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering | 134,532 | 164,751 | 182,289 | 218,329 | 237,764 | 262,563 | 273,912 | 301,989 | 319,487 | 328,318 |
Chemical engineering | 224,812 | 210,636 | 240,012 | 276,620 | 314,560 | 336,116 | 399,618 | 426,365 | 402,360 | 430,868 |
Civil engineering | 441,378 | 450,415 | 523,691 | 506,663 | 539,287 | 580,171 | 645,721 | 663,812 | 662,876 | 718,467 |
Electrical engineering | 467,130 | 534,913 | 539,312 | 571,924 | 593,766 | 644,353 | 677,607 | 696,011 | 710,453 | 771,568 |
Mechanical engineering | 287,651 | 309,182 | 362,790 | 430,765 | 425,208 | 443,007 | 506,018 | 524,583 | 514,971 | 586,421 |
Metallurgical and materials engineering | 213,305 | 242,778 | 257,097 | 255,310 | 269,644 | 298,970 | 274,503 | 282,842 | 295,397 | 346,714 |
Engineering, nec | 536,600 | 591,060 | 584,425 | 670,814 | 714,559 | 865,908 | 661,310 | 703,576 | 780,444 | 876,819 |
Non-S&Ea | 924,498 | 991,079 | 1,109,478 | 1,284,699 | 1,412,730 | 1,558,987 | 1,930,136 | 2,162,667 | 2,325,405 | 2,470,748 |
Business and management | 166,790 | 168,275 | 194,766 | 221,668 | 264,613 | 276,460 | 281,747 | 300,125 | 345,886 | 380,913 |
Communications, journalism, and library science | 48,252 | 49,190 | 54,869 | 59,834 | 60,551 | 77,875 | 88,609 | 100,311 | 106,416 | 97,672 |
Education | 296,452 | 337,359 | 382,580 | 432,043 | 419,977 | 441,405 | 458,498 | 485,554 | 544,151 | 553,675 |
Humanities | 128,850 | 134,406 | 161,047 | 181,612 | 190,623 | 195,041 | 205,260 | 251,149 | 271,668 | 312,013 |
Law | 33,075 | 35,437 | 41,126 | 45,219 | 62,431 | 84,760 | 78,783 | 97,407 | 106,911 | 151,013 |
Social work | 47,089 | 61,570 | 49,308 | 52,883 | 64,821 | 76,384 | 82,943 | 89,156 | 90,086 | 100,564 |
Visual and performing arts | 33,393 | 38,136 | 42,496 | 42,143 | 55,563 | 68,674 | 61,632 | 70,652 | 73,944 | 81,034 |
Non-S&E, nec | 152,807 | 166,565 | 183,285 | 249,187 | 294,023 | 338,388 | 672,664 | 768,313 | 786,343 | 793,864 |
nec = not elsewhere classified; S&E = science and engineering. |
a Prior to FY 2010, some institution totals for all fields of R&D expenditures may be lower-bound estimates because the National Science Foundation did not attempt to estimate for nonresponse on non-S&E R&D expenditures item prior to FY 2010. |
NOTE: Non-S&E detailed field data may not sum to total non-S&E R&D expenditures because some institutions reporting non-S&E R&D expenditures did not break out total and federal funds by non-S&E fields. |
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education Research and Development Survey. |
Data from survey cycle FY 2013, as of 31 July 2014. |