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Table 8. Higher education R&D expenditures, by source of funds and R&D field: FY 2014

(Dollars in thousands)

Field All R&D expenditures Source of funds
Federal government State and local government Institution funds Business Nonprofit organizations All other sources
All R&D fields 67,154,642 37,922,314 3,869,376 15,753,517 3,724,971 3,979,951 1,904,513
Science 52,768,749 30,373,434 2,867,422 12,092,982 2,607,078 3,350,610 1,477,223
Computer sciences 1,927,356 1,390,011 43,989 327,491 88,350 40,379 37,136
Environmental sciences 3,248,721 2,070,541 172,336 628,310 144,875 122,208 110,451
Atmospheric sciences 500,950 388,741 15,774 66,883 10,661 7,063 11,828
Earth sciences 1,158,537 739,515 51,304 223,208 69,637 36,460 38,413
Oceanography 1,071,595 663,792 56,703 224,113 39,627 44,197 43,163
Environmental sciences, nec 517,639 278,493 48,555 114,106 24,950 34,488 17,047
Life sciences 37,921,244 21,220,369 2,261,357 8,605,506 2,100,444 2,629,072 1,104,496
Agricultural sciences 3,373,268 1,075,127 839,579 1,059,407 150,100 146,659 102,396
Biological sciences 11,703,597 7,229,876 512,603 2,611,184 364,721 738,879 246,334
Medical sciences 20,686,408 11,699,666 807,188 4,356,995 1,529,385 1,580,028 713,146
Life sciences, nec 2,157,971 1,215,700 101,987 577,920 56,238 163,506 42,620
Mathematical sciences 657,578 441,199 22,230 157,808 7,100 19,039 10,202
Physical sciences 4,616,578 3,155,677 95,419 964,402 127,317 158,773 114,990
Astronomy 566,910 380,829 1,827 112,648 7,336 35,156 29,114
Chemistry 1,724,364 1,080,035 42,903 409,472 77,841 74,290 39,823
Physics 2,055,773 1,509,830 42,851 387,261 34,280 41,636 39,915
Physical sciences, nec 269,531 184,983 7,838 55,021 7,860 7,691 6,138
Psychology 1,140,755 751,215 38,401 253,493 15,490 67,447 14,709
Social sciences 2,210,253 919,994 173,078 760,150 44,713 247,427 64,891
Economics 428,736 138,734 53,239 162,819 10,531 47,968 15,445
Political sciences 425,716 145,686 23,309 162,169 9,582 65,019 19,951
Sociology 503,889 252,000 25,018 146,955 9,383 61,261 9,272
Social sciences, nec 851,912 383,574 71,512 288,207 15,217 73,179 20,223
Sciences, nec 1,046,264 424,428 60,612 395,822 78,789 66,265 20,348
Engineering 10,973,790 6,422,024 732,662 2,186,103 1,025,699 278,221 329,081
Aeronautical and astronautical engineering 662,656 474,772 22,034 87,368 66,000 6,686 5,796
Bioengineering and biomedical engineering 952,682 606,468 38,394 203,277 35,258 46,772 22,513
Chemical engineering 906,562 472,203 36,986 193,803 146,508 33,804 23,258
Civil engineering 1,255,698 577,789 186,969 332,291 86,871 35,289 36,489
Electrical engineering 2,476,925 1,741,191 65,119 371,246 155,721 49,530 94,118
Mechanical engineering 1,507,713 949,818 62,125 276,881 151,581 25,832 41,476
Metallurgical and materials engineering 1,197,702 490,649 205,424 223,125 236,824 22,024 19,656
Engineering, nec 2,013,852 1,109,134 115,611 498,112 146,936 58,284 85,775
Non-S&E 3,412,103 1,126,856 269,292 1,474,432 92,194 351,120 98,209
Business and management 483,013 77,536 37,809 280,460 41,881 25,262 20,065
Communications, journalism, and library science 166,904 54,407 10,790 74,362 3,482 21,275 2,588
Education 1,242,490 661,057 85,237 329,163 21,329 125,737 19,967
Humanities 399,310 75,507 11,290 244,827 3,009 48,791 15,886
Law 148,440 23,949 11,557 75,268 3,990 26,463 7,213
Social work 224,582 106,306 28,038 59,082 1,858 24,606 4,692
Visual and performing arts 95,775 9,106 5,082 72,244 1,972 5,750 1,621
Non-S&E, nec 651,589 118,988 79,489 339,026 14,673 73,236 26,177
nec = not elsewhere classified; S&E = science and engineering.
SOURCE: National Science Foundation, National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, Higher Education Research and Development Survey, FY 2014.