Table 19. Higher education R&D expenditures for clinical trials, by source of funds, highest degree granted, and institutional control: FYs 2013–17

(Dollars in thousands)

Fiscal year and type of institution	Institutions with clinical trials expenditures (number)	All sources		Federal		Nonfederal
Fiscal year and type of institution	Institutions with clinical trials expenditures (number)	All R&D expenditures	Clinical trials	All R&D expenditures	Clinical trials	All R&D expenditures	Clinical trials
2013
All institutions	168	47,499,335	1,755,040	28,818,487	746,520	18,680,848	1,008,520
Doctorate	153	47,441,785	1,747,077	28,782,357	739,251	18,659,428	1,007,826
Nondoctorate	15	57,550	7,963	36,130	7,269	21,420	694
Public	100	29,832,528	708,933	16,830,718	243,318	13,001,810	465,615
Private	68	17,666,807	1,046,107	11,987,769	503,202	5,679,038	542,905
2014
All institutions	176	48,820,531	2,011,120	28,240,588	803,923	20,579,943	1,207,197
Doctorate	159	48,764,898	2,001,732	28,214,054	796,050	20,550,844	1,205,682
Nondoctorate	17	55,633	9,388	26,534	7,873	29,099	1,515
Public	106	30,725,008	765,655	16,415,676	244,242	14,309,332	521,413
Private	70	18,095,523	1,245,465	11,824,912	559,681	6,270,611	685,784
2015
All institutions	179	50,520,734	2,150,467	28,220,382	849,394	22,300,352	1,301,073
Doctorate	164	50,459,363	2,143,991	28,192,470	844,226	22,266,893	1,299,765
Nondoctorate	15	61,371	6,476	27,912	5,168	33,459	1,308
Public	111	31,975,939	812,080	16,462,490	252,701	15,513,449	559,379
Private	68	18,544,795	1,338,387	11,757,892	596,693	6,786,903	741,694
2016
All institutions	174	52,988,186	2,362,531	29,042,496	867,528	23,945,690	1,495,003
Doctorate	159	52,911,952	2,355,922	29,012,632	862,698	23,899,320	1,493,224
Nondoctorate	15	76,234	6,609	29,864	4,830	46,370	1,779
Public	107	33,215,862	940,148	17,004,412	261,916	16,211,450	678,232
Private	67	19,772,324	1,422,383	12,038,084	605,612	7,734,240	816,771
2017
All institutions	179	56,104,782	2,622,597	30,393,897	921,278	25,710,885	1,701,319
Doctorate	166	56,033,424	2,617,471	30,367,134	916,906	25,666,290	1,700,565
Nondoctorate	13	71,358	5,126	26,763	4,372	44,595	754
Public	111	35,014,042	1,068,266	17,723,990	263,279	17,290,052	804,987
Private	68	21,090,740	1,554,331	12,669,907	657,999	8,420,833	896,332